Kefalogematoma and birth tumor are quite common injuries of newborns. A child may receive such damage even if the birth is normal. If the process is somewhat complicated, the pregnancy was pathological, there are problems with delivery, then the probability of getting an injury approaches one hundred percent. The first part suffers.
Risks and their relevance
According to doctors, a birth tumor appears in newborns when passing paths. Currently, among other injuries sustained during the passage of these organs, it is the tumor that occurs more often than others. Without any treatment, she usually completely disappears on her own in a couple of days.
A birth tumor in newborns on the head is the easiest injury that a baby can get when it is born. It is always localized on the outlying part. The process of its formation has long been studied: soft integuments are impregnated with serous secretions surrounding the fetus. In many children, examination shows hemorrhages in the fiber under the skin layer, as well as in the skin. There are no consequences.
Case features
The nuances of the formation of a birth tumor in newborns are determined by the features of the location of the fetus during childbirth in the ways of the mother's body. Most often, the pathological focus is located in the area of the parietal bones of the skull, less often it can be found on the back of the head. In some, tumor processes are localized on two adjacent bones located simultaneously. If the child is presented with a face, then the tumor appears here. With gluteal previa, a formation can be found in the inguinal region, on the buttocks. If any limb falls first, the tumor is localized on it.
One of the characteristic signs of a birth tumor is the discrepancy between the outlines of this focus with cranial sutures. Dimensions of the tumor process depend on the duration of labor. In some, the focus is very small, almost indistinguishable, soon completely disappears. If the resolution of the burden was difficult, the tumor may form large, pronounced, immediately attracting attention.
How is a baby born?
To understand how it formed, why a birth tumor appeared on the head, you will have to deal with the peculiarities of the birth of a child. During the passage along the paths of the woman in childbirth, the fetal head is in the pelvic region, where it undergoes strong compression. This part of the child’s body is tightly pressed to the bones of the female body, which is why blood flow is disturbed. Veins are the first to suffer - blood outflow is impossible, as a result, tissues begin to swell. The severity of the tumor process is determined by the duration of the mother's release from the burden and how strong the pressure was.
With a birth tumor, unlimited edema is formed. This term refers to a condition of the child in which the tumor process is not localized within the same bone, but spreads over it. At the same time, the child itself does not experience any discomfort. By the fourth day, the tumor should dissolve on its own, although this usually happens earlier.
Options and Scenarios
A birth tumor is a phenomenon that is considered the norm for naturally occurring births. This condition does not leave any consequences, therefore, it should not cause concern for parents. In some cases, the doctor may recommend measures to speed up and facilitate the process of resorption of the tumor focus. Parents will often have to turn the child from one side to the other and lightly stroke the head. It is necessary to touch the newborn superficially, avoiding the displacement of delicate tissues.
Sometimes, a cephalohematoma manifests itself with signs similar to a birth tumor. This term refers to such an injury received at birth, in which the hemorrhage is strong enough, the blood flows for a long time, falls under the periosteum.
Kefalogematoma: features
Such a tumor-like birth trauma is usually localized in the region of the Temech, less often on the back of the head. In some babies, a cephalohematoma is observed in the temporal part of the head or on the forehead. Kefalogematoma differs from a simple tumor process, so doctors never confuse these two conditions. With a hematoma, you can see clear boundaries that coincide with cranial sutures. Mostly the process is localized on one bone, less often affects two.
Kefalogematoma belongs to the number of defects of the periosteum, while the tumor affects the skin layers and fiber directly under the integument. With a hematoma, there is a possibility of detachment of the periosteum, which most often happens when temech tubercles erupt. The cause may be a crack of the cranial bone. In some newborn patients, a kefalogematoma is caused by an unsuccessful skull shape, an excessively long gestation period or too rapid birth. It is known that more often than not, a kefalogematoma is observed in those children whose mothers behaved incorrectly during the period of birth and did not follow the doctor’s advice. There is a higher likelihood of birth injury if a woman actively moves her pelvic area and legs, trying to take a more comfortable posture, and ease pain.
Features: Key Factors
Analyzing the condition of the child for the presence of cephalohematomas, it is necessary to assess how much the pathological area that can be mistaken for a tumor is delimited. The second feature that allows you to make an accurate diagnosis is the presence of a compacted peripheral roller. At first, this area is soft to the touch, it does not cause the child pain or discomfort, fluctuation gradually develops. In some babies, in the first days of life, the hemorrhage becomes larger, but listening to the area does not allow you to feel the pulsation. Kefalogematoma resolves weeks or months. The extinction process usually begins by one and a half weeks of life, sometimes lasting several months.
Tumor: what are the features of the pathological focus?
Studies have shown that a birth tumor is associated with abnormal blood outflow from the tissues forming the head of the fetus. Such processes are possible only after the discharge of the waters surrounding the baby after the onset of labor. The tumor resembles jelly or dough in consistency. As a rule, the pathological area has a yellowish tint, in some - red of varying degrees of saturation. Color is determined by how massive and profuse the hemorrhage was.
If the baby is born in the first position, the tumor is shifted to the right side, if in the second, it can be seen on the left. In many respects, the processes are explained by the fact that quite often the fetus is characterized by a non-gel passage through the head, while the swept seam moves towards the cape.
Studying the condition of the child: what can be seen?
If you examine the birth tumor under a microscope, you can notice numerous foci of hemorrhage. Swelling of the tissues will also attract attention. It is noted that with a vaginal examination, you can easily confuse this injury with the fetal bladder, the fact of the presence of hair is considered the most reliable criterion for clarification. The tumor is stronger, the longer the anhydrous stage of labor.
Statistical studies show that birth tumors are more often found in first-born children. In addition, risks are associated with a prolonged labor process, prolonged teething.
Oh sad
Studies of stillbirths have shown that a tumor process also forms in such fruits, the tissues swell, and hemorrhages localized in the soft tissues of the body appear. It is not called a birth tumor, since it has been established that the pathological site appears posthumously, the mechanism of its formation is similar to the appearance of cadaveric spots. Post-mortem tumor is not clear localization. With this formation, there will be no major focus of hemorrhage, stagnation, blood does not fall under the periosteum.
Childbirth: and if not on time?
In children who were born prematurely, often foci of hemorrhage are localized near the temporal bones. At the moment, the cause of such a birth injury is still being clarified. Presumably, it can be explained by the extension of cranial sutures during the passage of the maternal birth canal.
Periosteal stasis and swelling
This is the name of the pathological focus of plethora in the area of the cranial periosteum. As a rule, there are small areas of hemorrhage - dots and spots. The stagnation has clearly defined boundaries, is shifted towards the Temech and reflects the passage of the head through the birth canal maternal tract. The area of the birth tumor and stagnation help to evaluate whether asynclitic birth is due to physiology or it is necessary to regard it as pathological. In most cases, it is a pathology.
Parents experience
Many women in labor find out that their child has a birth tumor. Doctors believe that it is safe, there is no reason to worry. As can be seen from the reviews of women, others at first worried about the dubious site on the head of the child, but soon it disappears on its own, and fears go away with it.