Consider some options for obstruction of the internal organs of a person from a medical point of view. Left ventricular outflow tract obstruction develops with heart defects: aortic stenosis, thickening of the interventricular septum.
Cardiac obstruction is the gradual formation of heart disease when an obstruction of blood flow occurs. At the beginning of the formation of the defect, systolic pressure in the cavity of the left ventricle rises and its mass increases compensatory. Then the strength and speed of the ejection of blood from it increases. With the strengthening of the barrier, decompensation develops, the heart cavity expands and the diastolic pressure in the aorta rises. The need for oxygen increases sharply, and its intake decreases, which worsens the course of the disease.
Infravesical obstruction is a condition in which outflow of urine is impaired at the level of the urethra. More precisely, a blockage occurs in the neck of the bladder. His muscles thicken, the pressure in the urethra begins to increase. Over time, the tone of the bladder drops until atony. Urine arrives all the time, the bladder stretches and overflows. This leads to the expansion of the ureters, calyxes and pelvis in the kidneys and the development of pyelonephritis.
The cause of this disease can be a congenital urethra pathology, duct obstruction or valve damage, hypertrophy of interchangeable vesicles. The diagnosis is established in the hospital. Treatment is carried out only by surgery.
Portal hypertension, which is accompanied by ascites, an enlarged spleen and varicose veins of the esophagus, develops against the background of obstruction of large veins in the liver.
There are three types of obstruction:
- Intrahepatic obstruction develops on the background of obstruction of the biliary tract with cirrhosis, polycystic disease , severe liver fibrosis. In this condition, the patient requires a liver transplant.
- Suprahepatic obstruction is a compression of the hepatic veins. In which there is necrosis of liver cells and severe ascites.
- Extrahepatic obstruction occurs with portal vein thrombosis. Conservative treatment has no effect. Therefore, resort to surgical intervention.
Bronchial obstruction is a syndrome characterized by: bronchospasm, dyspnea on exhalation, edema and obstruction of the lumen of the bronchi, sputum outflow is impaired, its viscosity is increased. This condition is observed in chronic obstructive bronchitis, bronchial asthma.
In young children, due to the anatomical features, bronchial obstruction develops with acute respiratory viral infections and other viral infections. Narrow children's bronchi thicken, inflammation leads to an increase in mucus, which closes the lumen and makes it difficult to exhale. With age, the child's diameter of the bronchi expands, and even with a cold, the lumen of the bronchi is not disturbed.
Everyone needs to know what obstruction is and in what cases it develops.
In case of nocturnal sleep apnea , among other reasons, airway obstruction is most often encountered, which can be detected by an ENT doctor. In patients with apnea syndrome, severe snoring, headache in the morning, fatigue and drowsiness in the daytime are disturbing.
This condition is especially dangerous because injuries can occur in the workplace and accidents when driving a car. Apnea often leads to the development of hypertension and strokes, diseases of the heart and blood vessels of the brain. Such patients undergo medical and psychotherapeutic treatment, help solve complex problems and raise their spirits.
Many diseases with obstruction are more severe, have complications and are difficult to treat.