"Sevoran" (the active substance is sevoflurane) is an anesthetic agent that is effectively used in medicine for inhalation anesthesia. The introduction of the drug by this method allows you to turn off the patient’s consciousness in a very short time, but after the procedure is over, everything is quickly restored.
Anesthesia "Sevoran" with the introduction is accompanied by slight excitation and a slightly noticeable irritation of the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract. Thus, it is not possible to provoke a strong secretion in the tracheobronchial tree and stimulate the nervous system. The drug provokes a dose-dependent suppression of respiratory function and a decrease in blood pressure.
How does anesthesia go? Sevoran does not affect intracranial pressure, does not reduce the reaction to carbon dioxide, does not affect the kidneys and liver, does not provoke an increase in insufficiency in these organs, even if the patient is under anesthesia for a long time. But how to correctly calculate the dosage so that anesthesia is effective and at the same time safe?
Dosage
Anesthesia "Sevoran" for each patient is selected individually.
So, during surgery, anesthesia is supplied using an evaporator. As a rule, anesthetists use special instruments calibrated specifically for this drug.
The dosage is selected in each case individually. Titration continues until the desired effect occurs, and the patient’s clinic, history of the disease, concomitant diseases and age are always taken into account. After the supply of Sevoran is completed, the patient is injected with a drug from the group of barbiturates or another kind of anesthetic, which is designed for intravenous administration in order to receive deep anesthesia. Typically, oxygen and nitric oxide or Sevoran is used in conjunction with oxygen.
Anesthesia "Sevoran" in a small volume before the operation allows you to provide the stage of deep sleep in a couple of minutes, and this applies to both adult patients and children. With this anesthesia, a quick way out of the anesthetic state without the use of any additional means is very characteristic: patients rarely complain of prolonged depression after that, the functions of thinking are restored very quickly , people do not feel any discomfort at the site of the operation and injection.
In addition, anesthesia "Sevoran" provides the necessary level of anesthesia. The concentration is selected in the range from 0.55 to 3%, the drug is administered together with nitric oxide.
How is anesthesia performed by Sevoran?
Inhalation anesthesia with this drug, like any other, should be administered to a well-trained patient - in this way serious consequences can be avoided. The main condition is an empty stomach. Adults are advised not to eat 6-8 hours before surgery, and children 4-5 hours before. This rule is mandatory, only in this case it is possible to protect the patient, because vomiting can occur, which will lead to such a complication as vomiting gets into the respiratory system.
Before the patient is taken for surgery, they are advised to follow a diet for about a couple of days. Only after preliminary preparation can we begin surgical intervention with Sevoran. The patient is put on a mask on his face, through it a low-flow gas supply will occur. The patient falls asleep almost immediately, after 1-2 minutes. After the dream has come, the catheter is connected to the peripheral vein, if necessary, it can be intubated. For any operation, even if it will be the shortest and easiest, the condition of the patient is monitored by an anesthesiologist and adjusts the dose of anesthesia so that the depth of anesthesia is necessary. When immersed in anesthesia, the patient goes through several stages:
- Stuns. It lasts no more than 4 minutes and occurs immediately after the person has been given anesthesia. It is characteristic that the patient does not feel pain, but at the same time consciousness remains. At this stage, doctors conduct short operations - open abscesses or phlegmon.
- Excitations. During it, the patient bounces pressure, consciousness and pain are absent, but at the same time, no surgical interventions during this period can be carried out.
- Surgical anesthesia, which is divided into several types of depth:
- surface;
- easy;
- deep;
- agonal stage - complete paralysis of vital organs.
4. Awakenings. At this point, the restoration of all body functions begins.
Features of Sevoran
Anesthesia "Sevoranom" should be used only by professional specialists who have the skills to introduce the patient to this condition. At this time, always at hand should be equipment that will allow you to apply all the necessary measures to restore passage in the airways or resuscitation if something happens during the operation that the unexpected.
The level of anesthesia when using this particular drug changes very quickly, which forces the anesthesiologist to use only specially calibrated vaporizers. During deepening anesthesia, the patient may experience an increase in hypotension and respiratory depression.
If you use supportive anesthesia, then with an increase in the concentration of the drug, the pressure will noticeably decrease, this directly depends on the dose of Sevoran. Too sharp and strong decrease in blood pressure may be due to a deep degree of anesthesia.
Consciousness after anesthesia returns to the patient in a few minutes, but even so, mental abilities will be restored only after a couple of hours. Many surgeons and dentists consider Sevoran one of the best drugs for anesthesia. The instruction for the use of this tool states that the action occurs almost instantly, and the patient leaves the state of anesthesia quickly, in most cases without consequences, although sometimes they do happen.
Benefits of Using Sevoran
It is worth noting that this drug, designed to introduce a person into a state of anesthesia, has a number of undeniable advantages:
- Rapid immersion in anesthesia (almost immediately after the first breath), as well as a quick exit - no more than 20 minutes after the drug is stopped.
- Almost no effect on the respiratory system, heart and blood vessels.
- High degree of controllability.
- The lowest possible degree of respiratory irritation.
- Not toxic to the patient.
- Due to the excellent anesthetic effect, anesthesia is effectively used in dentistry. and when performing abdominal operations.
- A rare manifestation of unwanted effects.
- The possibility of use in the form of mononarcosis.
- It makes it possible to use low-flow pain relief, which leads to a minimum consumption of the drug, the complete absence of environmental pollution by drug vapors.
All the advantages described above indicate that the drug is very effective and has almost no consequences, therefore it is very often used when dental treatment is performed under anesthesia in adults and children, as well as in other surgical interventions.
Side effects and contraindications
But it is worth remembering that any drug has contraindications and side effects, and all this happens due to the characteristics of the body of each patient. It is impossible to predict how the drug is perceived by the body. Even the most harmless drugs can cause serious consequences in some people, this also applies to anesthesia.
- Dizziness, drowsiness, cramps, sudden changes in mood - these symptoms can occur within a couple of days after applying anesthesia.
- Respiratory failure, cough.
- Jumps in blood pressure, tachycardia or bradycardia.
- Nausea, vomiting.
- Allergic reactions.
- Chills and fever.
In addition to side effects, in rare cases, "Sevoran" (instructions for use also reports this) has contraindications, and every patient should know about them before he is anesthetized. Among the contraindications:
- Particular sensitivity to the drug.
- Genetic predisposition to the occurrence of malignant hyperthermia.
- The period of breastfeeding.
Also, all means for inhalation anesthesia are recommended to be used with extreme caution in patients with renal failure, intracranial hypertension, coronary heart disease and neuromuscular pathologies. Children are allowed to use Sevoran, but only in a reduced dose and under the supervision of a doctor, even after withdrawing from anesthesia.
Overdose
In case of an overdose, the patient may experience the following symptoms:
- The activity of the central nervous system changes.
- Hypotension.
- Collapse of blood vessels.
- Cramps.
- Respiratory arrest.
If such symptoms appear, then you need to urgently stop the administration of the drug, install a clean breathing tube and begin artificial ventilation of the lungs with oxygen, monitor the work of the heart, if you need to introduce drugs to maintain it.
Interaction with other drugs
Inhalation anesthesia is perfectly combined with drugs that surgeons often use during surgery. This applies to drugs that affect the nervous system, muscle relaxants, antibacterial drugs, hormones, blood products. Unwanted interactions were not detected.
Special instructions for use
"Sevoran" can not be used alone at home. Only anesthetists, preferably those who have experience with general anesthesia, should administer this drug, select a dosage, and monitor the patient's condition .
To apply funds for inhalation anesthesia, especially for the Sevoran preparation, you need to use calibrated vaporizers. It is also necessary to inform the patient that after anesthesia he must not sit behind the wheel for some time and work with any moving mechanisms, because the concentration of attention may be impaired.
Features of the use of "Sevoran" in the treatment of teeth in children
If dental treatment is performed under general anesthesia, Sevoran is allowed to be used by both adults and children. In addition, this type of anesthesia is also often used in other operations for children:
- Urgent surgical intervention for acute inflammation in the oral cavity (abscess, periostitis).
- Scheduled operation (extraction of teeth, cysts).
- Pulpitis, multiple caries and periodontitis.
But dentists do not always use Sevoran for inhalation in children. Anesthesia for children by the agent we are considering is indicated in such cases:
- If there are contraindications to the use of local anesthetics.
- If the child is not contact (expressed negativity to dentists).
- There are organic pathologies of the nervous system during which the child cannot really assess the surrounding reality.
- If you need to urgently carry out simultaneous rehabilitation of the oral cavity with a large amount of manipulation.
But it is worth remembering that the child perceives any drug very sensitively. Parents should inform the doctor about the presence of the following conditions in the baby, which are contraindications to anesthesia with Sevoran. The consequences could otherwise be the most serious. So, they do not recommend applying it:
- With inflammation of the upper paths.
- In acute inflammatory processes of the urinary tract, liver, lungs.
- If there is exudative diathesis.
- Recently transmitted infections.
- High intracranial pressure.
- Decompensated pathology.
- If it is not possible to use local anesthesia.
Of course, the child must be prepared for the introduction of anesthesia "Sevoran". Dental treatment under general anesthesia is carried out not only during tooth extraction, but also in other cases, and for each procedure you need to properly prepare:
- Take an examination - donate blood, urine, biochemistry.
- ECG.
- The conclusion of the pediatrician (the certificate should indicate that the patient has no contraindications to the use of this type of anesthesia).
- Anesthesia is administered only on an empty stomach.
Currently, there are a huge number of varieties of drugs for anesthesia, but recently, the Sevoran of an American company has become increasingly popular. It is considered the most harmless to the body, it is well tolerated by both adults and children. It has a very pleasant aroma that children inhale and do not feel any discomfort.
The effect occurs instantly, immediately after a couple of breaths, and patients wake up 15 minutes after the end of the drug. This action is due to the fact that more than 90% of the drug is excreted through the lungs in an unchanged form. The patient inhaled the drug, and after 10-15 minutes you can no longer find it in the blood. It is excreted very quickly from the body, while no organs suffer from its effects, the drug does not cause allergies.
Reviews
Not only adult patients respond very well about the drug, but also children who say they breathed in fragrant air and fell asleep, and then opened their eyes - and they already lie on the bed, and nothing hurts them. In fact, this is exactly what Sevoran does. Parents' reviews also confirm that their children very easily tolerate anesthesia, it does not cause any side effects and allergies. It is thanks to him that many children even began to visit the dentist more often, and all because all the procedures are carried out without pain.
Adult patients also respond quite positively about their condition after such anesthesia. The most important thing is that it should be carried out by a competent specialist, then everything will be fine.