Art Nouveau (dancing) appeared at the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries in the States and Germany. In America, the name was associated with stage choreography, which opposed standard forms of ballet. For those who were engaged in modern dance, it was important to present a choreography of a new order, corresponding to the person of the new century and his spiritual needs. The principles of such art can be considered the rejection of traditions and the transfer of new stories through unique elements of dance and plastic. In their long war with clichés, modern dancers could not completely abandon traditional ballet forms. They put up with some technical tricks.
Occurrence
Art Nouveau is believed to be the dances that Isadora Duncan founded . She was inspired by nature and promoted freedom of body movements, their spontaneity. Isadora’s dance was an improvisation without special costumes and shoes with live music.
Another resource for the emergence of modern dance is rhythm, the Jacques-Dalcroze system. A Swiss teacher and composer interpreted music analytically and without emotional perception. Dance served as a kind of counterpoint. Already in his first productions, Dalcroze indulged in the complete submission of dance to music.
In response to him, in 1928, the work of the Austrian choreographer R. Laban “Kinetography” was published, which stated that the movement is justified by the inner world of the creator, and does not serve as the basis for music.
Further development: Kurt Joss and Mary Wigman
Kurt Joss, who was closely acquainted with Laban, worked on the creation of a new dance theater. His arsenal involved music, scenography, choral recitation. He was interested in theaters of mysticism and cult. All this was aimed at revealing the energy of body movement. Joss introduced new themes, such as ballets on political topics. His work was continued by a student of Mary Wigman. The woman found expression in expressionism, introducing into the modern (dancing) ugly and ugly, putting tense and dynamic productions, leaning toward the expression of universal human emotions.
After Wigman, thanks to her students, two main branches of dance development were formed. One demonstrated expressionistic perception, subjective impressions of the dancer, the desire to expose the unconscious, the true in man. Representatives of this trend were able to express themselves in the so-called absolute dance. The second group was significantly influenced by abstractionism and constructivism. For dancers, form was not just an expressive tool, but the content of the image.
Jazz Modern: a dance of modern times
Later, a new direction emerges - modern jazz, which today captivates with its unique contrast of white classics and black jazz.
Dancers use pas from classical ballet and broken movements from modern, waves from latin dances and jumps from hip-hop, elements from break. This does not create an eclectic effect, on the contrary, it helps the dancer to fully express himself in an energetic and plastic composition.
Jazz modern is a dance that has a wide selection of means of expression in its arsenal. Thanks to this, he is free and spectacular, in no way restricts the dancer. Modern jazz is considered a difficult dance, because, in addition to technology, the performer needs strength, endurance, inspiration and clear thinking.
During classes, it is important to learn the techniques of tension / relaxation and isolation. Isolation is a technique in which parts of the body perform movements without interconnecting. This requires additional training, it looks especially spectacular and amazing. The technique of isolation is connected with the ability to strain one part of the body and at the same time relax the other.
In modern jazz dance, improvisation is important. The sensuality of Art Nouveau is intertwined with the classics of the classics, in combination with the rhythms of jazz unique creations arise, the source of which is the soul of the choreographer. That is why modern jazz (dance) has gained the name of dance for special personalities.
Popularity today
Cuba has its own school, which studies modern dance. Modern troupes are most common in Brazil, Colombia, Guatemala, Argentina.
The history of modern dance has had a significant impact on classical patterns. Many twentieth-century choreographers could not pass by the introduction of modern elements into their works.