The sinus cyst of the left kidney is a thin-walled formation that has a rounded shape and is clearly limited from the surrounding tissues. It also has a cavity filled with liquid. It is called sinus because it is located in the sinus region next to the renal pelvis.
What are the reasons for its occurrence? What symptoms can I find out about its presence? How is the diagnosis carried out? And how to get rid of this tumor?
About pathology
As a rule, a sinus cyst of the left kidney occurs in women older than 50 years. But this neoplasm can be both acquired and congenital.
In the first case, the neoplasm causes an outflow of urine. The neoplasm, as a rule, is not large - less than 5 centimeters in diameter.
In rare cases, it increases. This is bad, as the cyst begins to exert pressure on the surrounding tissue. And this phenomenon can lead to a violation in the pyelocaliceal system of blood supply. Complications can be different, the most difficult of which is the degeneration of the neoplasm into oncology.
Interestingly, the sinus cyst on the left side can go unnoticed much longer than on the right. Why? The fact is that there is always more stress on the right kidney.
A congenital cyst begins to develop in parallel with the formation of a kidney in the embryo. The reason for this is the use of pregnant nicotine and alcohol. Or intrauterine infection. A baby cannot be diagnosed with a cyst at birth, as it is excessively small.
Causes
The etiology of this neoplasm is not exactly clarified. Presumably, one of the following factors can cause a sinus cyst of the kidney:
- Infectious diseases
- Kidney infarction
- Pyelonephritis.
- Injuries and injuries to the kidneys.
- Professional activities related to chemicals, or work in an environmentally disadvantaged area.
- A tumor in the kidneys.
- Long-term use of hormonal medications.
- Tuberculosis of the kidneys.
- Helminthic invasion.
- Hereditary predisposition.
- Excessive exercise.
- Severe working conditions.
- Urolithiasis disease.
- Arterial hypertension.
- Diseases that cause the outflow of urine.
- Improper nutrition.
But most often the cause of the acquired cyst is a chronic disease or pathology of the urinary system.
Symptoms
So, above it was said about what sinus cysts of the kidneys are. What this means is also understandable. What symptoms may indicate the presence of these neoplasms? Here are the most common warning signs:
- Dull aching pain in the lumbar region, extending to the buttocks or intestines. Strengthens with physical activity. Not related to body position. It occurs due to a violation of the normal outflow of urine and its stagnation.
- Urolithiasis This is the name of the process of formation in the organs of the urinary system of calculi.
- Renal hypertension. Due to the reduction of blood vessels, pressure, especially diastolic, increases.
- Dizziness, heart discomfort, headaches, tachycardia.
- Blood in urine.
- Renal failure and atrophy.
The sinus cyst of the left kidney is dangerous in that while its size remains within 4-5 centimeters, it does not manifest itself in any way. Before its growth, its presence is detected by chance, as part of a planned examination.
Diagnostics
The first thing you need to visit a nephrologist. The doctor will ask a few questions, examine the patient, and then prescribe the following diagnostic measures:
- Urinalysis to detect red blood cells in urine.
- Ultrasound Sinus cysts of the kidneys are determined precisely by this popular method. It allows you to determine its location and size, and also to find out if there is a liquid in the cavity or not.
- MRI and CT. These methods are used if ultrasound was not sufficiently informative. They allow you to get a three-dimensional layered image of the organ.
- Urography. It is produced by introducing a contrast medium into the blood and subsequent production of x-rays. This method allows you to explore what cannot be seen by the survey method.
Only after receiving the diagnostic results, the doctor can prescribe a competent treatment for the sinus cyst of the left kidney.
Effects
Even a benign cyst, while ignoring the symptoms, is a health hazard. Many develop kidney failure. The following signs signal its presence:
- Frequent urination.
- Constant thirst.
- Weakness.
- High blood pressure.
If the cyst compresses blood vessels, then this can lead to ischemia. And it is fraught with atrophy of the affected organ.
Forecast
For a simple, benign cyst, the prognosis is 99.9% positive. And it does not matter what kind of treatment tactics will be implemented. If dangerous complications (infection, cancer, changes in the kidneys, etc.) did not appear due to the cyst, then treatment will lead to a complete recovery of the patient.
But, even taking into account such positive statistics, one should not ignore this disease. There is always a risk of cyst rupture. Then its contents will be in the abdominal cavity. And this is fraught with peritonitis - a strong and life-threatening inflammation.
Therapy
How is a sinus cyst in a kidney treated? If it is small, and the symptoms of human pathology are not disturbing, then therapy, as such, is not required. But prevention is mandatory.
In addition to the annual ultrasound examination of the kidneys, it is also necessary:
- Limit salt intake to 2 grams per day. Although it is better to abandon it altogether.
- Drink 2 liters of fluid per day.
- There is nothing pickled, fried and spicy.
- Do not drink strong tea and coffee.
- Timely treat infectious diseases.
- Avoid hypothermia.
- Refuse alcohol and smoking.
And, of course, you need to lead a healthy, active lifestyle.
Medications
Treatment of a sinus cyst of the kidney with medication is necessary if there is a bright clinical course of the disease. In this case, therapy will be aimed at eliminating symptoms, infections, inflammation, as well as restoring urine outflow and normalizing blood pressure.
Here are some medications your doctor can prescribe:
- Fluoroquinolones. For bacterial infections, Ciprofloxacin and Norfloxacin are suitable.
- Cephalosporins. They are low toxic, but affect most pathogens. The best are Cefepim, Ceftriaxone and Cefaclor.
- Nitrofurans. They provide quick assistance with exacerbation of infections of the genitourinary system or gastrointestinal tract. The best drugs are Furazidine and Nitrofurantoin.
- Uroseptics. It is better to choose those drugs that are of plant origin. For example, Urolesan, Kanefron, Fitolizin.
- Ketosteril. This is a combined drug that saturates the human body with all the necessary amino acids, but does not affect the level of nitrogen in the blood. Moreover, tablets, on the contrary, help to reduce the amount of harmful substances.
It must be remembered that the goal of treatment is to directly influence the cause of the clinical manifestations. Only a nephrologist can identify it, and prescribe therapy, respectively, too.
Surgical intervention
It may be required only in some cases:
- The cyst is too large, due to which neighboring organs are compressed.
- In the kidneys, bleeding begins.
- The cyst was infected with bacteria.
- The neoplasm negatively affects the outflow of urine.
- The cyst degenerated into an oncological tumor.
There are several methods to remove a tumor:
- Percutaneous puncture removal of fluid.
- Open surgery. It is carried out with malignant degeneration, rupture or suppuration.
- Laparoscopic surgery. Using this method, husking is carried out. It is safe and less traumatic, because a laparoscope is inserted through 3 small incisions. To prevent violations of the outflow of fluid, a stand is inserted into the ureter.
- Nephrectomy This manipulation is carried out only in extreme cases. It involves the complete removal of the organ.
Any operation of the sinus cyst of the left kidney is contraindicated if a person has poor blood clotting or there are severe pathologies that threaten complications.
Rehabilitation
After the operation will have to recover. Here are the basic rules for rehabilitation:
- It is necessary to abandon fried and fatty, meat and fish broths, mushrooms, as well as all salty, smoked and pickled. Also, legumes, seafood, alcohol, soda, chocolate and coffee are not allowed.
- Protein food is limited.
- Salt must be discarded.
- It is necessary to introduce weak healing broths into the diet. From rose hips, for example.
If you experience pain in the area of the kidneys, or problems with urination, urgently need to see a doctor for help.
Folk remedies
Talking about the causes and treatment of sinus cysts of the kidney, you need to touch on the recipes of alternative medicine. Here are the ones that are considered the most effective:
- Take the young leaves of burdock, squeeze the juice from them. Drink three times a day for 1 - 2 tbsp. l before eating. The course is 1 month. Squeeze out half a glass, as the juice can be stored no longer than 3 days.
- Finely chop the joints of a golden mustache (50 pieces) and pour vodka (500 ml). Give 10 days to insist, strain. Drink in the morning and evening on an empty stomach. On the first day - 10 drops. Then add 1 day every day. The course is 25 days. Accordingly, you need to reach 35 drops. Then use the infusion in the reverse order to the initial dose.
- Aspen bark powder take 1 tsp. inside three times a day before meals. Be sure to drink water. The course lasts 2 weeks.
- Mix 50 grams of the following herbs: St. John's wort, wormwood, rose hip and yarrow. Add pine buds (30 g). Mix with chopped and soaked chaga (200 g). Pour the resulting composition with 3 liters of water. Bring to a boil and simmer over low heat for 2 hours. Give a day to insist. Then strain. Pour aloe juice (200 ml). Add everything to a mixture of 500 grams of honey and 200 ml of brandy. Take 1 tbsp. l 30 minutes before meals three times a day. The maximum duration of treatment is 3 months.
But the easiest recipe is green tea. You need to dilute it in a 1: 1 ratio with milk and drink it with honey twice a day.