Cyclothymia is an unstable state of a person when there is a sharp mood drop. When suffering from cyclothymia, depression is present, although in some cases there is a slight rise in mood. The disease is formed against the background of external factors, irritants, which manifest themselves in the form of an unstable situation in the family, in the team, and also against the background of genetic inheritance, cyclothymia can occur. Bipolar disorder of close relatives becomes the cause of the development of such an ailment. The age category of patients is from 18 to 45 years old. More often cyclothymia affects women. In practice, it is established that men are almost 2 times less susceptible to the disease. Treatment is usually performed on an outpatient basis, but there are stages of a complicated form when isolation in specialized clinics is necessary.
Manifestation forms
For any type of disease, various stages of development are inherent, which over time complicate the state of health. Mental disorders that give rise to cyclothymia have a number of forms that vary in severity, course of the disease and symptoms.
Vital
The symptomatology at this stage is such that a person begins to experience very deep depression, for no reason causes melancholy, mental pain, widespread disorder. In addition, physical malaise occurs, a feeling of heaviness, pressure, and burning and constricting are felt in the region of the heart. The disease is accompanied by a violation of appetite, the occurrence of insomnia. A person struck by cyclothymia even begins to think about death.
Apathetic
The very concept of apathy implies a psychopathic syndrome, when a state of indifference to oneself and one’s loved ones intensifies. Indifference comes to what is happening around, curiosity decreases, interests disappear. Such symptoms are distinguished in people affected by brain damage, and belongs to the category of symptoms of schizophrenia. The disease of cyclothymia in a state of apathy is expressed by a decreased vitality, the absence of any motivation in the patient, almost nothing can prompt him to some kind of active action. Facial expressions and movements slow down, and speech becomes monotonous and inhibitory.
Anesthetic
At this stage, there are characteristic clear signs that make it possible to quickly make a diagnosis. Cyclothymia becomes the cause of the alienation of any emotions, is accompanied by anxiety, sadness, apathy is greatly enhanced. The mood takes a constant form, the differences are minimized, but lethargy or, on the contrary, excessive fussiness can increase. In the process of complete alienation of thoughts, the feeling of hunger, the desire to sleep, begins to dull. And in general, the whole world is becoming uninteresting and unclaimed.
Disease detection
Cyclothymia is the presence of constant mood swings, and there are drops without any reason. An imbalance of mood is accompanied by a depressed state with some manifestations of an improvement in a normal state.
When making a diagnosis, one should be guided by a number of symptoms that are expressed in a sick person. In the presence of at least three indicators of the state, we can talk about human depression.
- a drop in vigorous lift or activity in general;
- insomnia;
- the inability to concentrate;
- Hermit perception of the whole world, abstraction from others, unwillingness to talk;
- development of an inferiority complex, uncertainty;
- complete indifference or dissatisfaction in the sexual sphere;
- unwillingness to engage in any of the cases that previously brought pleasure;
- thoughts about years spent uselessly;
- lack of plans for the future, indifference to one’s own life.
Mood boost
Signs of cyclothymia against the background of development during fluctuations stimulate a sharp surge in mood. Diagnosis of recovery should not be, because such behavior indicates symptoms when cyclothymia occurs. This will not last long, after a while a decadent state will come back. With fluctuations, the patient differently describes his condition. During a surge, an increase in vitality, energy, activity intensifies, self-esteem increases, a desire for communication appears, sleep stabilizes, sex begins to bring pleasure. In addition, the need for sex is growing, there is a desire to have a hobby, optimism at the height, and life begins to gain meaning, because there is a fundamental rethinking of the past. The cause of this surge may be alcohol intoxication, but the next day the state of apathy stabilizes.
Do not be indifferent to patients with cyclothymia
Often there is cyclothymia in adolescents who are prone to hormonal disruptions, sudden mood swings, bursts, sorrows, frustrations, knowledge of unhappy love, etc. It is at this age that the symptoms are pronounced, so you need to carefully monitor the children in order to help in time. Indifference to mental illness can lead to irreversible and terrible consequences. The simplest against the background of the general picture will be the isolation of a teenager in a clinic for the mentally ill. But cyclothymia is not a reason for complete isolation, although if you start its treatment, you can get schizophrenic, the exacerbations of which can move him to commit rash, spontaneous acts, up to crime. With exacerbation, an angry state manifests itself, expressed in rude behavior, and concentration is disturbed. But there is no suicidal attitude in people with cyclotemia; the disease is characterized by the development of feelings of inferiority and self-doubt, which causes alienated behavior.
Disease treatment
If cyclothymia is suddenly diagnosed, this is the first signal to see a doctor. Leaving the patient’s condition without qualified specialist help is unacceptable. Long-term rehabilitation should be carried out, which, in addition to treatment, is aimed at preventing repeated cyclotymia. The treatment of the disease is primarily aimed at interrupting the stage of progression, i.e., it is necessary to stop the exacerbation first. There is also a procedure for light therapy, which is used in the course of cyclothymia in periodic cycles. To do this, use bright artificial light or the supply of sunlight with a certain frequency of the waves, which greatly affects the consciousness of the human brain and the change in its perception.
Stages of treatment
After diagnosing the disease, setting an accurate indicator of the disorder and if there are clear signs, a course of therapy is prescribed. It involves first of all an appeal to a psychologist who will create a certain interaction between himself and the patient. It is necessary for the doctor to understand the severity of cyclothymia. Symptoms of the disease have a wide range of indicators, therefore, a specialist should conduct a detailed study of the patient's actions, his behavior, level of suffering, etc. After a course of taking medications is prescribed, it is recommended to quit smoking and drinking alcohol.
In stationary institutions, comfortable conditions are created so that there are as few annoying factors as possible. Negative and detrimental effects from the outside can cause a relapse of the disease. With indicators of a depressed state, a deprivation technique is performed, i.e., artificial awakening, sleep interruption. For this patient, they are forced to stay awake for up to 38 hours a day. Nitric oxide is used, which is fed to the patient by a hot stream, which helps to normalize and calm the nervous system. In the future, group psychotherapy is carried out to introduce and introduce into the development society a desire to communicate with people.
Treatment without isolation
In order not to alienate a person from the social sphere, the treatment of the disease can be carried out at home with a visit to the attending physician. An important element of a productive and effective outpatient treatment is the close contact of the doctor with the patient, understanding each other. The patient must strictly comply with all recommendations, take medications, reduce the level of development of cyclothymia, control his mental state. The doctor, for his part, is obliged to conduct observation, conduct examinations, adjust the intake of drugs, and in case of violation or ignoring treatment, take measures to localize the patient in a specialized institution.
Cyclothymia treatment is accompanied by the use of medicines, without which the results cannot be achieved by just talking. There should be a comprehensive treatment involving the use of techniques, interviews and taking pills. Specialists prescribe antidepressants, of which there are many varieties in the modern pharmacy market. In addition, antidepressants have a wide range with different action potentials, which makes it possible for a doctor to prescribe a drug depending on the severity of the disease. Mood stabilizers, antipsychotics, and prolonged-release lithium salts are also prescribed.
Cyclothymia is not a sentence
The disease takes place in a modern environment of instability in the state among ordinary people. Stressful, depressive conditions occur almost every day. If the first signs of cyclothymia are detected, it is necessary to call for help and take active action. Do not aggravate the state of health, waiting for irreparable consequences. Take care of your loved ones, colleagues, acquaintances, if you suddenly noticed something strange from them that was mentioned in the article.