Bismuth subsalicylate is a substance that is used to treat ulcers of the gastrointestinal tract and diarrhea of various origins. The component has anti-ulcer, enveloping, analgesic, astringent, antidiarrheal, antiseptic, carminative action. Penetrating initially into the stomach, then into the duodenum, the substance combines with proteins and forms chelate compounds. Bismuth subsalicylate is a protective film that covers the surface of the gastrointestinal tract. Thus, it helps to protect the mucous membrane of the cavity from the harmful effects of salts, enzymes, as well as hydrochloric acid and pepsin. The substance improves the production of mucus in the stomach and the healing of ulcerative foci. It has antimicrobial activity against Helicobacter pylori.
The medication exhibits an antidiarrheal effect, which is due to the astringent and enveloping effect of bismuth subsalicylate. A positive result appears during the day. The content of the substance in the blood increases gradually with prolonged use. May accumulate in bones and tissues in small quantities.
The absorbed substance is excreted in urine (within three months). Bismuth, which has not been excreted, is eliminated from the body in the form of sulfide, which stains feces and tongue in a dark color. This form of bismuth promotes the speedy healing of ulcers.
According to the instructions, bismuth subsalicylate is used for diseases of the gastrointestinal tract to eliminate peptic ulcers of the stomach and duodenum.
The component has the properties of three pharmacological groups at once : enveloping, adsorbing and antacid.
Indications
The drug is used for the following diseases and conditions:
- Increased secretory function of the stomach.
- Heartburn - a feeling of discomfort or burning behind the sternum, extending to the top of the epigastric region, sometimes giving to the neck.
- Duodenitis is an inflammatory disease of the duodenum, most often only the mucous membrane.
- Gastroduodenitis is an inflammatory disease of the duodenal mucosa and the pyloric zone of the stomach.
- Bowel disorder.
- Gastritis is a long-running disease characterized by dystrophic-inflammatory changes in the gastric mucosa.
- Post-resection ulcer - a disease of the mucous membrane of the small intestine in the form of one or more ulcers.
- Gastroenteritis - a disease characterized by an inflammatory process in the stomach and small intestine, which may be caused by a bacterial, viral or protozoal lesion.
- Dyspepsia - a violation of the normal activity of the stomach, difficulty and painful digestion. Dyspepsia syndrome is defined as a feeling of pain or discomfort.
Instructions for use
The most popular pharmacological forms of release are tablets and gel. The manufacturer places the gel in dark glass vials. Bismuth subsalicylate may precipitate, so the contents of the bottle should be shaken well before each use .
Based on clinical studies, it is known that the drug is recommended for use by children from three years old. The use of subsalicylate by children younger than this age is carried out strictly with the permission of the doctor and under his supervision.
In childhood, the dosage is determined by a medical specialist based on the weight of the patient. Adults are recommended to take tablets no more than six to eight times a day, depending on the diagnosis. If the disease progresses further ( more than two days), while there is severe hyperthermia, you need to monitor the water-electrolyte balance.
Adverse reactions
The following are commonly seen negative effects:
- Constipation.
- Vomiting
- Nausea.
- Noise in ears.
- Dizziness.
- Impaired consciousness.
- Bismuth encephalopathy.
- Tremor.
- Confusion.
- Paresthesia.
- Change the color of feces and tongue.
Overdose
Bismuth poisoning occurs only in situations where it is used in high doses or with a longer treatment than indicated in the instructions for use of bismuth subsalicylate. As a result, there is an excess of the substance in the blood. The main indicator of poisoning is considered signs of kidney and liver disease that occur ten days later.
And also there are situations when the following unpleasant conditions appear:
- Dermatitis.
- Stomatitis.
- Gastrointestinal Disorders
- Dark border on the gums.
- Insomnia.
- Memory impairment.
- Paresthesia
In the early stages of intoxication, it is necessary to rinse the stomach and take osmotic laxatives to eliminate bismuth that is not absorbed into the blood from the body. Next, you need to use activated carbon or Polysorb. In the late stages of poisoning, hemodialysis is carried out, "Unitol" or "Complexon" is taken.
Prohibitions to use
Bismuth subsalicylate is not recommended if allergies to aspirin and other salicylates have been observed in the medical history. You can not simultaneously take a substance with anticoagulants, as well as anti-gout and anti-diabetic drugs.
Do not use this component for children under three years of age. Taking the drug during pregnancy is strictly prohibited, since there is no reliable information about the effect of this substance on the fetus. Due to complications, bismuth cannot be used for impaired renal function.
Features
It is important to observe a certain period of time between the use of antacid and dairy products, as well as fruit juices (thirty minutes). You can not use bismuth subsalicylate for too long.
The risk of side effects is minimal if the prescribed dosage of the drug is observed . It is not recommended to combine with other drugs in the structure of which there is bismuth.
Adolescents and children who suffer from acute respiratory viral infection should use bismuth only with the permission of a medical professional. To purchase bismuth subsalicylate, a prescription is not needed.
Drug interaction
Bismuth reduces the absorption of tetracyclines. The effectiveness of Doxycycline is reduced. The bioavailability of fluoroquinols during interaction with bismuth subsalicylate is reduced. Preparations based on this substance:
- De Nol.
- Gastronorm.
- "Vis Nol."
- "Vicalin."
You can not take this substance additionally with them at the same time. There is a possibility of a sharp jump in the content of bismuth in the blood, which can lead to an increase in negative reactions and intoxication.