Ureaplasmosis is a common urogenital tract disease that passes sexually. It affects both boys and girls. In women, it passes acutely, with clearly manifested symptoms. When treating ureaplasma in men, problems arise associated with an erased medical picture and late reversibility. A person may not assume that he has an infection. More ureaplasmosis in men passes in the form of urethritis.
Causes
The main reason for the spread of ureaplasmosis in the genitourinary system are problems in the human immune system caused by a number of negative factors. Among these factors, we should focus on the following:
- An erratic sex life, the peak of which occurs at a young age. The phenomenon often leads to the spread of sexually transmitted infections.
- Pregnancy, complicated by physical and moral stresses (malnutrition, training, hard work), can lead to the fact that dormant infections in the body go into an active, acute form.
- Ureaplasmosis progresses against the background of already existing sexually transmitted diseases (gonococcal infection, chlamydia), the herpes virus in the body, as well as the immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
- Weakening due to prolonged chronic diseases or stress of the human immune system. In addition, the spread of ureaplasmosis is facilitated by the weakening of the body against the background of intensive treatment of other diseases (surgical interventions, chemotherapy and radiotherapy in oncology).
- Uncontrolled self-medication with hormonal drugs and antibiotics leads to dysbiosis (disturbance of microflora).
A healthy lifestyle, timely qualified treatment, psychological balance - factors that will help minimize the causes of urogenital ureaplasmosis.
Symptoms in men
Symptoms of urogenital ureaplasmosis (an infectious inflammatory disease of the genitourinary system) are divided into male and female, respectively. The presence of ureaplasmosis in men is characterized by the following symptoms:
- burning and discomfort during urination, pains characteristic of inflammation of the urethra (urethritis);
- mucous discharge from the urethra;
- sensations of heaviness and soreness in the testicles, which indicates their inflammation;
- with the spread of ureaplasmosis infection through the urethra, symptoms of prostatitis (pain in the perineum, decreased sex drive, pain during intercourse) may appear;
- male infertility.
Symptoms in women
The diagnosis of urogenital ureaplasmosis is made in the presence of the following symptoms:
- painful urination and inflammatory changes in the urethral mucosa;
- mucous mucous discharge from the urethra and vagina;
- painful intercourse, in addition, there are spotting after the sexual intercourse;
- in the case of the spread of infection through the urogenital system, the uterus and fallopian tubes (endometritis, adnexitis) are also affected, as pain in the lower abdomen may indicate;
- miscarriages and infertility.
Early diagnosis of the identified symptoms of urogenital ureaplasmosis can prevent serious pathologies of the genitourinary system in both men and women.
Diagnostics
Diagnosis of urogenital ureaplasmosis is carried out exclusively through laboratory tests, since the disease has no specific manifestations. In this regard, to establish a diagnosis only on the basis of the patient's complaints about the manifestation of symptoms and through its external examination is impossible. With urogenital ureaplasmosis, analyzes and examinations will be as follows:
- Inspection by a urologist or gynecologist, depending on the gender of the patient. As a result of an external examination, the presence of symptoms is established.
- A microscopic examination, as a result of which changes in the microflora of the urogenital tract are detected, accompanying the course of ureaplasmosis.
- Bacteriological culture is a method that allows you to detect microorganisms in the biomaterial, including the bacteria Ureaplasma, as well as to determine their number.
- Using the method of polymerase chain reaction, during which the type of ureaplasma is determined . Allows you to set the number of DNA units required in the sample material, which is of high value for the interpretation of the results.
What is needed for analysis?
Material used for research:
- scraping of the urogenital tract, the sampling of which is carried out at the reception of a gynecologist or urologist;
- urine collected on first urination when waking up.
Biological samples upon detection of urogenital ureaplasmosis in men and women are taken only after antibiotics are completed, after 2 weeks.
Tips for Successful Therapy
Many are interested in how to treat urogenital ureaplasmosis in men and women. With a timely visit to the doctor, therapy will be carried out in the following way:
- After carrying out research activities, antimicrobial substances from ureaplasma for women are determined.
- In addition, specialized pharmaceuticals that strengthen the immune system are prescribed.
- In case of detection of pathologies in the intestinal tract, you need to take specialized substances that contribute to the renewal of healthy microflora.
- In addition, renew the vaginal microflora, which is completely destroyed by ureaplasma.
- To achieve this goal, an individual complex is selected, and the usual pharmaceutical agents for the intake of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli are also used.
- It is necessary to conduct a course of treatment during which to completely abandon sexual life.
- In addition, local therapy is used.
- They write out the candles that are optimal for a particular case.
- A personalized diet for each patient is prescribed, for a certain time you should completely refrain from alcoholic beverages, and also eliminate food hazardous to the body.
Drug treatment
Principles of successful cure:
- Medicines are not necessary, but only if an acute inflammatory process is found.
- If, during the diagnosis, it was revealed that the individual is considered to be a carrier of infection, the appointment of pharmaceutical substances follows.
- This measure is especially important during pregnancy.
- It is necessary to use preventive methods if a sexual partner has diseases associated with the maturation of ureaplasma.
- To get rid of the disease, use a cure course.
- Doctors prescribe antibacterial therapy.
In order not to bring significant damage to the body, one should simultaneously maintain a state of health, focusing on the work of the digestive tract. The scheme, as a rule, is based on the usual example, including medicines and means to adjust immunity.
In some cases, the initially prescribed treatment model shows minimal effectiveness. In order to timely notice this unpleasant factor, laboratory tests should be constantly taken. As a rule, they are carried out approximately once a month.
Antibiotic therapy
In order to remove the signs of ureaplasmosis in time, they prescribe therapy and prefer pharmaceutical substances from similar groups:
- Macrolides. They function for a long period, accumulate from the inside of cells, the best concentration is maintained for 3 days. More popular is Sumamed. It must be applied once, the course lasts a week.
- Fluoroquinolones. As a rule, doctors advise using Avelox. A gradual increase in its concentration in the body is impossible, because of which the course continues for a fairly long time. In order to completely overcome the disease, it is often required to use the drug for 3 weeks.
- Tetracyclines. They are used if other substances do not show effectiveness. Prescribe "Doxycycline" or "Unidox." These substances are used extremely rarely, as a rule, are considered an integral part of complex therapy, since the resistance of ureaplasma to them is revealed.
If complications are likely to develop, the inflammatory reaction is complicated, a plan is selected for the patient, in which a complex of substances from different groups is used. Combining them is forbidden, for this reason he goes through several cures at once.
Additional substances
People with good immunity very rarely suffer from ureaplasmosis, this disease in most cases affects people in whom it is reduced. To avoid relapse, you need to apply comprehensive measures for a complete cure. To implement these tips, use the following tools:
- Immunomodulators. There are many types of pharmaceuticals, but doctors prefer Cycloferon for urogenital ureaplasmosis. It stops not only the development of the disease, but also eliminates its symptoms.
- Antifungal pharmaceuticals. They are needed if the patient takes large doses of drugs. Microflora in the intestinal tract in this case suffers greatly, for this reason, specialized pharmaceuticals, for example, Nystatin, are used to avoid the multiplication of fungi and other types of bacteria. Substances including the necessary bacteria. With their help, an active renewal of the intestinal microflora is carried out.
- Vitamins to maintain immunity, the body's defenses.
Candles for women
Of the number of drugs in therapy, specialized candles help:
- With antimicrobial components. As a rule, agents are used in which chlorhexidine or analogues are present. With the constant use of such suppositories, the number of dangerous microorganisms and viruses decreases. As a rule, 1 candle per day and a small course that lasts 1-2 weeks is enough.
- Candles, which include immunomodulators. Most of the similar substances not only renew immunity, but also show significant activity against microbes, destroying the probability of reproduction.
Pharmaceuticals for genital ureaplasmosis should be used at least 2 times a day, while the course is less than 10 days. Candles are used in combination with the constant intake of medications; they cannot act as independent pharmaceuticals for treatment.
Prevention
All the time while treatment is underway, and during the rehabilitation period you need to adhere to a diet - this is an element of complex therapy, an integral requirement for achieving a result. Excluded:
- spicy seasonings;
- aromatic additives;
- fatty and fried foods.
The diet for genital ureaplasmosis is focused on the resumption of standard microflora and should not give an impetus to exacerbation. It is worth introducing a huge number of dairy and sour-milk products into the menu. During the healing phase and 2 weeks after it, you can not sunbathe and stay in the sun or go to the solarium.
You can not drink the medicines taken with milk: absorption and action are disturbed. Alcohol, carbonated drinks and mineral water are contraindicated. You can not start treatment of infection in the preoperative period due to the high probability of bleeding due to the treatment.
It is necessary to beware of hypothermia, to refrain from visiting the steam room, sauna, pool. If the patient decides after the examination that he will be able to cope with the disease himself, and begins to select and take substances without consulting a doctor, there is a chronicity and development of intractable complications.