"Mirena" is an intrauterine device contraceptive device. Being a hormonal agent, it provides long-term, reversible protection against unwanted pregnancy for five years.
Mirena, being a polymeric carrier, contains levonorgestrel in one intrauterine system. The release rate of the component is 20 mcg per day.
Mirena. Instruction Action and properties.
The vertical part of the spiral (rod) is represented by an elastic plastic cylinder. It contains the hormone levonorgestrel. The system is made in the form of the letter T. Thus, it more closely matches the shape of the uterus. The lower end of the vertical part contains a loop. Threads are tied to it to remove the spiral.
Levonorgestrel is considered the most studied gestagen, a hormone similar to natural progesterone. This component is used in many contraceptives. The container containing levonorgestrel is coated with a special membrane. Through it, continuous controlled diffusion of the hormone is carried out. Isolation (release) of levonorgestrel into the uterine cavity is carried out in small quantities, evenly, at a constant speed, daily.
The instruction explains the contraceptive effect of the Mirena system by the ability of the active component to exert a local effect on the endometrium, preventing proliferative changes in it and lowering its implantation function. In addition, the movement of sperm is impeded. The endometrium is not able to achieve the necessary maturity for the formation of pregnancy. Levonorgestrel enhances the viscosity of cervical mucus, which, in turn, prevents the penetration of sperm into the uterine cavity and the fertilization of the egg.
The instruction compares the effectiveness of the Mirena system with sterilization of a woman, copper - containing intrauterine systems, oral contraceptives.
The effect of the active component helps to reduce excessive menstrual bleeding after three months after the start of use. As clinical practice shows, the use of a spiral reduces blood loss by 88%, which prevents the development of iron deficiency anemia.
The Mirena spiral is used for endometriosis. It should be noted that levonorgestrel-containing hormonal contraception today has become quite widespread in the treatment of this disease.
Mirena is used for uterine myoma. The tool also reduces the incidence of inflammation in the pelvic organs.
Mirena. Instruction Application.
Before the introduction of the system, if necessary, a smear can be taken or other studies performed to identify the presence or absence of infections, including sexually transmitted infections.
For women of reproductive age, the use of a spiral is recommended no later than seven days after the onset of menstruation (on the first to seventh day of bleeding).
After a gynecological examination, it is necessary to treat the cervix with an antiseptic solution. Using a thin flexible plastic tube, the spiral is introduced.
Some patients experience dizziness and pain after installing the system. If after half an hour after administration (when at rest) the symptoms persist, it is likely that the spiral is not installed correctly. In this case, a gynecological examination should be performed. The system is removed if necessary.
Adverse reactions are characteristic of the first months of application of the system. As a rule, they are eliminated independently and do not require treatment.
Before installing the spiral, it is necessary to consult a specialist, to identify the presence or absence of contraindications.