Captopril is a synthetic drug that is used as an ACE inhibitor (angiotensin converting enzyme). The drug has a blocking effect on the conversion of angitensin of the first stage to the second, has a vasodilating effect, reduces the total resistance of peripheral vessels, pressure in the pulmonary capillaries, increases the 60-second heart volume and increases resistance to stress. To solve any of these problems, the attending physician may prescribe Captopril, the indications for use of which are determined during monitoring the patient's condition with outpatient or inpatient treatment. With prolonged use of the drug, the risk of myocardial hypertrophy in the left ventricle decreases, the progression of heart failure decreases, and the growth of dilatation of the left ventricle decreases. The tone of the glomeruli of the kidneys is reduced, which improves hemodynamics inside the glomeruli of the kidneys and prevents the development of nephropathy in diabetes.
In case of heart failure, hypertension, arterial hypertension, diabetic nephropathy against the background of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus , Captopril is used in the treatment. Indications for use of the drug: complex tolerance for myocardial infarction, with angina pectoris and chronic kidney disease. The attending physician also uses Captopril in case of mild to moderate form of arterial hypertension, with signs of heart failure and with impaired left ventricular function, accompanied by a general stable condition of the patient. Indications for use may determine the use of other drugs close to Captopril in their pharmacological properties.
Contraindications to the prescription of the drug are the presence of stenosis of the renal arteries in the patient , hyperkalemia, hypersensitivity to the drug. Captopril treatment for pregnant women and women during lactation is not allowed.
The medicine "Captopril" is not prescribed for children, as well as for patients with severe renal impairment, patients who are on hemodialysis. An increase in the level of nitrogen in the urine and in the blood, and serum creatine in patients with BCC can provoke the prescribed Captopril. Indications for use of the drug are considered taking into account the general condition of the patient and the course of the disease.
Captopril tablets are taken orally one hour before meals. In case of hypertension, treatment is prescribed with an initial dose of 12.5 mg twice a day. The doctor controls the tolerance of the drug during the first hour after administration. If arterial hypotension develops during this period of time , the patient is transferred to a horizontal position. The reaction to the first dose of Captopril is not a reason for refusing treatment with this drug. Captopril monotherapy gives a positive effect while reducing the intake of Na + in the patient. Course treatment is carried out with increasing doses after 2 weeks to 50 mg three times a day. With arterial diastolic pressure of 115 mm Hg the drug is combined with antihypertensive dosage forms, such as thiazide diuretics (hydrochlorothiazide with a daily dose of 25-40 mg). Dosage of the diuretic is carried out with an increase in the interval after one, two weeks. During treatment, kidney function should be monitored. Side effects are possible: dizziness, arterial hypotension, headache, nausea, fatigue, asthenia. Allergic reactions, diarrhea, abdominal pains, taste disturbances are rare. In this case, the attending physician prescribes another medicine that is easily tolerated by the patient.