The pharmaceutical industry is constantly evolving and new drugs are being produced. Previously issued funds are replaced by new ones or go to spare positions. What is the instructions for use of "Phenoxymethylpenicillin"? After all, the drug has significantly lost its popularity in the treatment of respiratory diseases.
Why did the drug give up its position?
Phenoxymethylpenicillin is a natural antibiotic from the penicillin group. Initially, the drug was used to treat pathologies of the upper respiratory tract, skin and ENT organs. After the advent of more effective drugs, Phenoxymethylpenicillin was undeservedly forgotten.
An inconvenient form of release and its dosage played a significant role in this. The medicine is available in the following forms: granules, which are used to prepare a suspension, syrup for children; dragee; tablets.
According to the instructions "Phenoxymethylpenicillin", the doctor writes his daily dosage, based on the age, weight and severity of the patient's condition. Due to its special properties of the drug, the daily dose should be divided into 4-6 doses. The use of the drug occurs at regular intervals. This is an inconvenience in taking it, because giving syrup to a child every few hours is quite difficult.
The second reason for the loss of popularity of Phenoxymethylpenicillin is the emergence of resistance in microorganisms. After all, bacteria are able to develop new methods of protection against antibiotics. Therefore, at present, the drug is often used not for the treatment of diseases, but as their prevention.
Drug properties
According to the instructions for use, "Phenoxymethylpenicillin" is used to combat pathogenic microflora:
- staphylococci, streptococci;
- gonococci, meningococci;
- peptococci, clostridia;
- causative agents of anthrax, leptospirosis, listeriosis and others.
The drug can be used to kill various microorganisms.
Indications for use
The use of "Phenoxymethylpenicillin" is advisable in the following cases:
- Diseases of the respiratory tract and ENT organs (pneumonia, otitis media, laryngitis, sinusitis).
- Diseases of the oral cavity (stomatitis).
- Diseases of the skin (erysipelas, abscess).
- Prevention of infections after surgery in debilitated children.
"Phenoxymethylpenicillin" is not the only drug in the treatment of these diseases, sometimes other drugs are also used. When choosing a medicine, the severity of the course of the disease should be considered. With a mild degree of pathology, sulfonamides are used. When the effectiveness of their intake will be absent, then antibiotics from the penicillin group are prescribed.
The drug has a wide range of uses and is used to prevent the following diseases:
- exacerbations of rheumatism;
- with bacterial endocarditis.
Regimen of the drug
The use of the drug "Phenoxymethylpenicillin" for the treatment and prevention of diseases differs in different dosages.
With exacerbation of rheumatism:
- for adults - 500 mg 2 times a day;
- for infants from 3 to 12 months - 125 mg three times a day;
- for children older than 12 months - 250 mg twice a day.
Take the tablets one hour before a meal, drinking plenty of fluids.
In the treatment of diseases, adults and children over 12 years of age are prescribed 500-1000 mg three times a day. The duration of the course is 5-7 days. For children, it is more preferable to take the drug in the form of a solution so as not to irritate the gastric mucosa.
The suspension is used for newborns, the dose is 20-50 mg per kg of infant weight.
To prepare it, chilled boiled water is poured into a clean glass and the contents of one sachet are added. Then mixed until a homogeneous suspension. When the dosage of the bag is 37.5 mg, 2.5 ml of water is necessary, and at 75 mg - 5 ml.
After receiving the suspension, the cup is thoroughly rinsed and dried. It must be stored in a warm and dry place until the next dose.
In patients who suffer from chronic renal failure, the interval between taking the drug should be at least 12 hours.
Mechanism of action
"Phenoxymethylpenicillin" is a drug that has actions characteristic of a number of penicillins. It significantly reduces the intensity of reproduction of certain pathogenic microorganisms and does not affect the function of cells of healthy organs. Gradually, the harmful microflora dies out, and the drug has no effect on viruses and fungi. Therefore, most antibiotics are not suitable for the treatment of such infections.
When using Phenoxymethylpenicillin tablets, you need to understand that the drug is an antibiotic, not an antiseptic. He is not able to kill pathogenic microflora instantly, this will take some time. To achieve the desired effect will require at least 5-6 days.
Be sure to observe the regularity of admission, because the effect of the drug ends 4-6 hours after it gets inside. After this, the drug is excreted from the body, and a new portion of the drug will be required to continue therapy. Therefore, regular use is the key to successful treatment of infection.
Analogues of the drug
In some cases, it is not possible to purchase the necessary medicine, therefore analogues come to the rescue. To replace "Phenoxymethylpenicillin", you can use an antibiotic from the penicillin group. It can be: “Ospen”, “Kliatsil”, “Megacillin”.
When choosing an analogue of "Phenoxymethylpenicillin", you should definitely study the instructions, familiarize yourself with all contraindications. The most effective tool will help to choose a specialist. He will write down the correct dosage regimen and dosage.
Side effects of the drug
"Phenoxymethylpenicillin" is not as toxic and dangerous for the body as some other penicillin preparations. But sometimes after its use, people experience allergic reactions. With individual intolerance to this drug, a headache, rashes on the skin and mucous membranes may occur. In especially serious cases, hives may occur.
The drug sometimes causes gastrointestinal upset. According to the instructions for use "Phenoxymethylpenicillin", candidiasis may appear after its use. In the event of such a pathology, antifungal therapy is necessary. This feature of the drug should be considered. It is necessary to take it in emergency cases when it is really necessary.
During the course of treatment, you need to monitor the condition of the mucous membranes and skin. If a rash appears on the body, you should stop taking the drug and start drinking antihistamines.
If persistent diarrhea occurs during treatment of the disease, this may be a sign of pre-membranous colitis. In this case, the drug is canceled. A treatment is prescribed to reduce the symptoms that have arisen.
With prolonged use of the drug, it is necessary to monitor liver and kidney function.
Long-term treatment with the drug or frequent repeated use can lead to the development of superinfection.
Contraindications
According to the instructions for use of "Phenoxymethylpenicillin", the following contraindications may occur:
- Hypersensitivity to the ingredients of the drug or other penicillin products.
- Severe course of the disease (acute stage of pneumonia).
- Gastrointestinal diseases, which are accompanied by vomiting and diarrhea.
- Stomatitis and pharyngitis.
- Very severe course of inflammatory diseases.
- Diseases accompanied by vomiting and nausea.
- Lactose intolerance or lactose deficiency.
- Children's age up to 3 years.
With caution, the drug should be taken for allergic diseases (bronchial asthma, diathesis). If symptoms of the disease occur, it is necessary to start taking antihistamines.
Relative restrictions include:
- diabetes;
- hay fever;
- possible allergic reactions.
The drug is not recommended for lactation, and during the expectation of a child it can only be used if the necessary benefits for the mother outweigh the potential risk for the unborn baby.
During the period of treatment with the drug, care must be taken when driving a car and other vehicles, as well as when performing work that will require a quick reaction and increased concentration of attention.
Reviews
According to reviews, "Phenoxymethylpenicillin" helps in the treatment of upper respiratory tract infections, but after this there are gastrointestinal pathologies. In some patients, this manifested itself in the form of diarrhea and flatulence. In another group of patients, after taking the drug, constipation occurs, which subsequently requires special treatment.
A small number of patients experienced local skin reactions in the form of rash and itching. In the future, special treatment was required.
Typically, the drug was well tolerated by patients if all the recommendations of the attending physician were followed.
"Phenoxymethylpenicillin" is a drug that helps in the treatment of many diseases, but it must be taken in the right dosage and strictly as prescribed by the doctor.