Acute cystitis is an acute inflammation of an infectious nature that affects the walls of the bladder. As a rule, women are most susceptible to this disease (usually from 20 to 40 years old). The reason for this is the anatomy of the female urethra, which is wider and shorter than that of men, and is close to the anus and vagina.
Causes
In the first place among the causes of acute cystitis, pathogens (E. coli, chlamydia, viruses, staphylococcus, fungi, mycoplasma or enterobacter) enter the bladder.
Factors contributing to the development of acute cystitis
- Diseases in which normal outflow of urine does not occur (for example, prostate adenoma).
- Weakening of the immune system, which is not able to cope with the emerging infection (for example, with AIDS).
- Finding a catheter in the bladder for a long time.
- The presence of urolithiasis.
- Diseases associated with an increase in blood sugar (diabetes mellitus).
Acute cystitis: symptoms
The main and main sign of cystitis is a sharp pain during urination. But in addition to this symptom, the following may occur:
- There is a burning sensation when urinating.
- The urine acquires a dark color and becomes cloudy due to the presence in it of a large number of white blood cells, red blood cells and various bacteria.
- Pain in the lower back or lower abdomen, which does not subside even after urination and can go to the perineum and anus.
- Blood is detected in the urine.
- Weakness of the whole organism.
- An increase in temperature, which may indicate that the inflammatory process has passed to the kidneys. Basically, this symptom is observed in children.
- False urination every 20-30 minutes.
- The occurrence of nausea and even vomiting.
Treatment
As a rule, acute cystitis with blood is treated at home. Hospitalize only those patients who have non-stopping pain or urinary retention is detected . Absolutely everyone, regardless of where they undergo treatment, bed rest is prescribed at the very beginning of the disease. Also, patients should avoid sexual intercourse until the time until acute cystitis is completely cured.
Treatment of the disease with drugs is based on the use of antibiotics, which are usually prescribed before the results of the analysis, and drugs that can relieve cramping in the bladder (for example, drotaverine).
Despite the fact that after the start of treatment, many symptoms of acute cystitis disappear on the second day, it is necessary to take the prescribed medications as much as the doctor prescribed. This is necessary to further avoid relapse of the disease.
Patients with acute cystitis should pay attention to their diet. It is necessary to exclude alcohol, spicy and spicy dishes from the diet - in general, all those products that cause stomach irritation and provoke constipation. But vegetables, fruits and dairy products can be consumed in large quantities, as they prevent the recurrence of inflammatory diseases. Also, when confirming the diagnosis of acute cystitis, a warm drink is recommended (compote, decoction of corn stigmas, lingonberry fruit drink), which will facilitate the rapid elimination of bacteria from the bladder.