The medical tool "Rolinosis" is an anti-allergic and antihistamine and medication that is used in the treatment of pathologies of the upper respiratory tract of allergic origin.
Pharmacodynamics
According to the instructions for use, "Rolinosis" has an antihistamine effect, which is due to its group membership in selective peripheral blockers of H1-histamine mediators of the second generation. The drug exhibits a pronounced antiallergic property. It is able to reduce or completely inhibit the intensity of allergic manifestations, reducing the manifestations of itching and the degree of exudation.
Often used to treat allergic rhinitis in adults.
This medical product acts in several directions at the same time:
- inhibits the movement in the body of inflammatory elements;
- reduces the synthesis of allergic mediators;
- It has a pronounced decongestant and antispasmodic effect;
- reduces bronchoconstriction with moderate bronchial asthma.
The composition of "Rolinose" and dosage forms of the drug
This information can be found in the annotation of the medication.
The composition includes the main substance - cetirizine dihydrochloride 10 mg / ml. The drug is available in two dosage forms - in the form of tablets, packaged in blisters for 20 and 10 pieces, and also in the form of liquid for oral administration - in 20 ml bottles.
Pharmacological effects
According to the instructions for use, "Rolinosis" is a second-generation antihistamine, a blocker of peripheral H1 receptors, and according to the structural formula, it is a carboxyl derivative of hydroxyzine, the main metabolite of cetirizine. This substance has anti-allergic and antihistamine effects, prevents the spread of allergy mediators and facilitates the clinic of allergic symptoms, and also has antiexudative and antipruritic effects.
The drug affects the early stages of such manifestations, and also reduces the activity and migration of cells that provoke the spread of the inflammatory process. "Rolinosis" inhibits the production of mediators, which are involved in the late stages of the development of an allergic reaction. In addition, it lowers the permeability of capillary vessels, prevents the development of tissue edema, relieves spasm of smooth muscles, eliminates skin reactions to the introduction of specific allergens, histamine, as well as cooling (in the event of “cold” urticaria). The drug reduces bronchoconstriction in AD in mild course.
It should be noted that tablets and drops of "Rolinosis" do not have an antiserotonin, anticholinergic and sedative effect when used in the right dosages.
Cetirizine dihydrochloride is absorbed in the digestive tract, as a result of which the absorption of the drug is approximately 70%. The maximum content in the blood is achieved an hour after taking the medication. The period of excretion of a substance from the body occurs after about 8-10 hours. The drug is minimally metabolized in the liver, with the formation of inactive metabolites and excreted unchanged by the kidneys.
Indications for use
In accordance with the instructions for use, "Rolinosis" is mainly used for the symptomatic treatment of seasonal and chronic allergic rhinitis, which provoke the development of such manifestations as rhinorrhea, sneezing, itching in the nose, as well as non-nasal symptoms associated with conjunctivitis. In addition, the drug is used in case of itching of the skin and urticaria of various types, including idiopathic chronic urticaria. In the treatment of allergic rhinitis in adults, it shows the greatest effectiveness.
Contraindications
The tool should not be used with hypersensitivity to hydroxyzine, cetirizine or other components of this drug and piperazine derivatives. In addition, it is not prescribed for patients who have severe kidney failure.
Contraindications to the use of the drug in tablet form are Lapp lactase deficiency, some hereditary types of galactose intolerance and impaired glucose-galactose malabsorption.
Use with caution
Instructions for use with "Rolinose" indicate that when treating with therapeutic doses of this drug, there was no clinically significant interaction with ethyl alcohol (at 0.5 g / l in blood concentrations). Nevertheless, the simultaneous use of alcoholic beverages and medication is not recommended.
In addition, with caution, it is prescribed to patients with kidney failure, epilepsy, as well as in cases of probability of seizures and the elderly.
Propyl parahydroxybenzoate and methyl paraben, which are part of this pharmacological agent, can provoke delayed-type allergic reactions. Do not exceed recommended dosages.
During pregnancy and lactation
The use of drops from allergic rhinitis during pregnancy or lactation is also prohibited. Persons driving vehicles or servicing special equipment must take into account the reactions of their body to a drug.
The simultaneous use of this medication with other drugs that have a depressing effect on the central nervous system can reduce performance and provoke an additional weakening of attention.
Drops from allergic rhinitis are contraindicated for use in childhood up to one year, and in the form of tablets - up to the age of 6 years.
Drug interaction
Tests of pharmacokinetic interaction were carried out for cetirizine and Ketoconazole, Erythromycin, Pseudoephedrine, Cimetidine, Azithromycin - no interactions were detected. During the study of the use of "Theophylline" and cetirizine, a slight decrease in the clearance of cetirizine was noted, and the theophylline disposition did not change with the simultaneous use of cetirizine.
Taking cetirizine with Glipizide, Cimetidine, Pseudoephedrine, and Diazepam did not show any adverse interactions.
Also, his administration with Erythromycin, Azithromycin, Pseudoephedrine, Ketoconazole and Theophylline also does not cause side interactions. In addition, the simultaneous use of the main component of the drug with Ketoconazole and macrolides does not lead to clinical heart rhythm disturbances.
With repeated administration of “Ritonavir” simultaneously with cetirizine, the duration of the second exposure increased by about 30%, while the disposition of the first was somewhat disturbed.
Nothing is known about the interaction with other medicines. Nevertheless, some caution must be exercised with concomitant therapy with sedative and hypnotic medications, as well as with alcoholic beverages. The use of cetirizine simultaneously with medications that have an ototoxic effect, for example, gentamicin, can hide symptoms such as ototoxicity, dizziness, and tinnitus.
The absorption of cetirizine does not decrease after eating, but it slows down by about one hour.
Indications for the use of "Rolinoza" should be strictly observed.
Dosage and administration
The drug is administered orally, regardless of the time of meal. Drink the medication with a sufficient amount of any liquid.
For children from 1 year to 6 years, the medication is prescribed in the form of drops, 2.5 mg 2 times a day.
Children over 6 years old and adults - 10 mg once a day.
The drug can be taken in an initial dosage of 5 mg, if this is enough to control the symptoms.
For people with impaired renal function (in severe or moderate degrees): the dosage of Rolinosis tablets and drops should be prescribed individually and depend on the condition of the kidneys in each case.
For children with impaired renal function, the dosage of the drug is adjusted individually, depending on the body weight of the child.
Adverse reactions
Cetirizine, when used in the right doses, can have a minor side effect on the central nervous system, which is manifested by drowsiness, fatigue, dizziness, and headache.
Propyl parahydroxybenzoate and methyl paraben in the composition of this drug sometimes cause the development of delayed allergic reactions.
Despite the fact that the active substance is a selective antagonist of H1 receptors, isolated cases of impaired urination, accommodation of the eyes, and dry mucous membranes have been reported.
Cases of impaired liver function are also known, characterized by an increase in the level of enzyme production and an increase in the level of bilirubin. The condition in such situations returned to normal, as a rule, after stopping the use of the medication.
So, the list of adverse reactions when using this medication includes:
- weight gain;
- heart palpitations;
- thrombocytopenia;
- paresthesia, convulsions, disorders of the motor apparatus;
- dysgeusia, tremor, fainting, dystonia, dyskinesia;
- violation of eye accommodation, blurred vision;
- diarrhea;
- enuresis, dysuria;
- itching, skin rashes, urticaria, angioedema, drug erythema;
- asthenia, edema;
- hypersensitivity, anaphylactic shock;
- impaired liver function (increased levels of bilirubin and transaminases);
- nervous excitement, state of anxiety, aggressiveness, depression, impaired sleep and consciousness, nervous tic.
Overdose
Symptoms that are noted after a significant overdose of this medication are mainly associated with an effect on the nervous system or with symptoms that indicate an anticholinergic effect. Side effects after taking a medication dose that is 5 times higher than recommended include diarrhea, confusion, weakness, dizziness, headache, malaise, anxiety, mydriasis, insomnia, drowsiness, tachycardia, stupor, tremor, and urination disorders.
In case of an overdose of the drug "Rolinosis", as well as other antihistamines, for systematic use, supportive and symptomatic therapy is recommended. As soon as possible, gastric lavage and sorbent intake should be performed.
Reviews about the drug
Reviews about this medication contain mainly information about its positive properties. In this case, patients who used this drug to treat various types of allergies note that after taking the "Rolinosis" medication, the negative manifestation of allergies is significantly reduced, nasal congestion, redness and swelling of the eyes are eliminated, skin itching and rashes disappear. Patients indicate that this drug is often prescribed by allergists in the treatment of seasonal or persistent allergies.
Negative reviews about Rolinoza are also available, and in them patients note that this drug causes a lot of unpleasant side symptoms. Among them, one can distinguish increased drowsiness, dizziness, fatigue, which prevents many people from leading a normal lifestyle and reduces their working capacity. In addition, many patients observed the occurrence of various digestive disorders, in the form of dyspepsia, stool disorders, etc.