Good antibiotic for bronchitis: a review of drugs, features of use, contraindications

Bronchitis is one of the most famous diseases that affects all sectors of the population, regardless of age. But, despite this, most people do not know how to properly eliminate this condition, and whether antimicrobials are needed for bronchitis.

Bronchitis is an inflammatory lesion that occurs in the bronchi and affects the mucous cavity or the entire thickness of the wall of the respiratory system.

Causes

The inflammatory process in the bronchi can cause:

1. Weakened immunity.
2. Influenza (an acute viral disease that can affect the upper and lower respiratory tract, is accompanied by severe intoxication and can lead to serious complications and deaths, mainly in elderly patients and children).
3. Acute respiratory infections (a group of clinically and morphologically similar acute inflammatory diseases of the respiratory system, the causative agents of which are pneumotropic viruses).
4. Adenovirus (acute pathology caused by adenovirus, which is manifested by general intoxication of the body, inflammation of the nasopharynx, signs of keratoconjunctivitis, tonsillopharyngitis and mesadenitis).
5. Staphylococcus
6. Excessively humid or too cold air indoors or outdoors.
7. Sudden changes in temperature.
8. Radiation, as well as smoke or excessive dust.
9. The presence of vapors of chemicals in the environment.

In addition, bad habits, in particular, alcohol abuse and smoking, increase the likelihood of a disease. What is the best antibiotic for bronchitis?

When antibacterial agents are needed

From the foregoing, it is known that the disease can have both a viral and a bacterial etiology. And if in the first situation the use of antimicrobial drugs is unlikely to affect the course of the disease, then in the second case it will not be possible to recover without them.

In addition, the treatment of bronchitis with antibiotics in adult patients is advised to start with:

1. A strong and prolonged increase in temperature (usually if the temperature does not drop for more than three days).
2. Increased sedimentation rate of red blood cells in the blood.
3. Excessive levels of white blood cells.
4. Pronounced symptoms of intoxication.
5. Heavy breathing.
6. The protracted course of the disease.

In addition, medical experts recommend the use of antimicrobials for bronchitis to people over sixty years old. The fact is that over time, immunity weakens, and the protective functions of the body are no longer able to cope with the pathogen without effective external assistance. Subsequently, bronchitis in people of retirement age can lead to various complications, among which pneumonia and bronchopneumonia are listed.

Chemical bronchitis also requires antibiotic therapy. This is a kind of inflammatory process that is provoked by inhalation of vapors of chemical compounds. Such an effect often affects the mucous membrane of the respiratory system and causes the appearance of a bacterial infection.

Antimicrobials are also included in the course of treatment for chronic obstructive bronchitis, which smokers usually suffer from. An exacerbation of this ailment is accompanied by a general deterioration in health, is characterized by an increase in body temperature, increased sweating, general weakness, as well as severe coughing attacks, which are accompanied by the release of a purulent pathological secretion. You can change this situation only with the help of antibacterial agents. What antibiotic for bronchitis is better to take?

Classification

The whole variety of antimicrobials is divided into several categories:

1. Aminopenicillins.
2. Macrolides.
3. Fluoroquinolones.
4. Tetracyclines.
5. Cephalosporins.

Aminopenicillins

They belong to beta-lactam antimicrobial agents and fight pathogens by destroying their walls. In this case, the most common negative effect is considered allergic manifestations. Aminopenicillins include:

1. Amoxiclav.
2. "Augmentin."
3. Flemoxin.

Macrolides

These are the latest generation of antibacterial drugs with a reduced risk of adverse reactions that can actively neutralize intracellular pathogenic microflora. Macrolides are some of the best antibiotics for bronchitis and pneumonia.

They prevent the production of proteins in bacterial cells, thereby preventing them from growing and spreading further. But at the same time, they do not eliminate pathogens forever, so therapy can take quite a long time.

The best antibiotics for acute bronchitis are:

1. "Azithromycin".
2. Clarithromycin.
3. Wilprafen.
4. Rovamycin.
5. Erythromycin.

Fluoroquinolones

Broad-spectrum antimicrobial drugs. They affect bacteria at the level of their DNA, preventing pathogens from spreading.

But at the same time they have a significant minus - they adversely affect not only pathogenic, but also beneficial bacteria, which often leads to dysbiosis. Fluoroquinolones are also considered one of the best antibiotics for bronchitis.

Among the drugs of this group, the most famous are:

1. Levofloxacin.
2. "Moxifloxacin".
3. Ciprofloxacin.
4. "Digital".

Tetracyclines

Tetracyclines are medicines that inhibit the protein synthesis of bacteria. Previously, they belonged to drugs with a wide spectrum of effects, but gradually pathogens became the least sensitive to the active components of this group. Therefore, tetracyclines are now used very rarely.

The list of the best antibiotics for the treatment of bronchitis include:

1. Tetracycline.
2. Doxycycline.

Cephalosporins

They slow down the connection of components, prevent the formation of cell membranes in bacteria, thereby preventing the spread of microorganisms. These antimicrobial drugs are prescribed both in tablet and injection form.

The most popular drugs of this series:

1. Suprax.
2. "Cephalexin".
3. Ceftriaxone.
4. "Cefazolin".

But, despite such a number of drugs, it is dangerous to start using them independently without the appointment of a medical specialist, since each group has its own specifics.

Therapy duration

It is definitely impossible to say which antibiotic is more effective or better for bronchitis, since different forms of bronchitis require the use of different medications.

According to the first signs of acute inflammation in the bronchi, it is impossible to determine the source of the disease. Therefore, on the first day of the disease, antibacterial drugs, as a rule, are not used.

After everything becomes clear with the cause of the inflammatory process in the bronchi, in acute bronchitis in adult patients, the doctor can prescribe medications of the penicillin group or macrolides.

In chronic bronchitis, antibacterial drugs are used much more often than in acute course of the disease. The greatest efficacy in this course of the disease is shown by the same drug groups.

Effective antibacterial agents

The best antibiotics for bronchitis, pneumonia, as a rule, include "Amoxicillin" and "Biseptol" - cheap drugs that affect a huge number of known pathogens.

"Amoxicillin" refers to the group of penicillins. The medicine is produced in tablets, capsules and granules. The drug begins to "work" within thirty minutes after consumption. The duration of action is approximately six hours.

"Biseptol" refers to sulfonamides, it is an inexpensive medicine. It is included in the combined treatment to eliminate bronchitis and other otorhinolaryngological diseases. With all its advantages, it has many restrictions on reception.

In addition, the following names of good antibiotics for bronchitis in adult patients and children have also positively proven themselves:

1. Ofloxacin.
2. Flemoxin-Solutab.
3. "Augmentin."
4. Sumamed.
5. "Cefazolin".
6. Lincomycin.
7. Ceftazidime.

Ofloxacin

The active component of the drug inhibits the bacterial cell enzyme DNA gyrase, which accelerates the deoxyribonucleic acid supercoiling reaction. “Ofloxacin” refers to broad-spectrum antibacterial drugs.

After using the drug, the active ingredient is instantly and completely absorbed from the intestinal lumen into the bloodstream. It is evenly distributed throughout all body tissues. Partially, the drug is exchanged in the liver.

Ofloxacin is excreted mainly with urine, as a rule, unchanged. The elimination half-life varies from four to seven hours.

Before starting therapy, you must carefully read the instructions for the medicine. There are a number of specific guidelines that you need to pay attention to:

1. The medication does not help to eliminate pneumonia, which is provoked by pneumococcus, and acute tonsillitis.
2. During drug therapy, avoid contact with the skin of the sun or ultraviolet radiation.
3. Do not use Ofloxacin for more than two months.
4. If pseudomembranous enterocolitis occurs, the medicine should be stopped.
5. During the use of the drug, an inflammatory process of tendons and ligaments may occur with their subsequent rupture.
6. When using the medication, women should not use tampons during menstruation due to the increased risk of thrush caused by conditionally pathogenic fungal flora.

Contraindications:

1. Increased sensitivity to the active component.
2. Epilepsy.
3. Children under 18 years old.
4. Pregnancy.
5. Lactation.

What antibiotic for chronic bronchitis is best to take, the doctor will tell.

Flemoxin-Solutab

The drug belongs to the group of penicillin antibiotics of a wide spectrum of action.

Patients who are prone to allergies to drugs, before starting treatment with "Flemoxin-Solutab" must necessarily conduct a test for sensitivity. The medication is not prescribed to people who previously had violent negative effects on penicillin.

"Flemoxin-Solutab" is the best antibiotic for chronic bronchitis, which is most often prescribed by a doctor. The course must be completed until the end. Interruption of therapy ahead of schedule can lead to the emergence of pathogens resistance to Amoxicillin, the transition of the disease to the chronic stage.

In this case, the doctor prescribes a different, more powerful antibacterial medication to the patient. You can not use the drug for longer than two weeks, since in this situation the likelihood of superinfection and exacerbation of all signs of the disease increases. In the absence of the pharmacological action of the drug, you must consult a doctor to clarify the diagnosis and adjust the prescribed therapy.

Limitations:

• liver disease
• kidney damage
• children under 12 years old;
• individual intolerance;
• pregnancy in the first trimester.

Augmentin

Tablets are a long-term drug, this significantly distinguishes them from other drugs based on amoxicillin. With the help of which the medication can be used to eliminate the source of pneumonia, which are resistant to penicillins. Powder for the preparation of the suspension is prescribed for children from two years. The drug exhibits increased activity in the fight against diseases.

After penetration, the active components of the drug, amoxicillin and clavulanic acid, instantly dissolve and absorb into the stomach and intestines. The drug has the maximum pharmacological effect in the situation when the patient takes the pill before eating.

Amoxicillin is able to pass into milk. According to medical research, particles of clavulanic acid were detected in it. This medication, as a rule, is not recommended for therapy to women during lactation. According to reviews, the best antibiotic for bronchitis in children is Augmentin powder. But, despite its effectiveness, the medication has certain contraindications:

1. Individual intolerance to penicillins and cephalosporins.
2. Increased Sensitivity.
3. Severe violations of the liver and kidneys.
4. Children's age up to two years.
5. Infectious mononucleosis (an acute viral disease characterized by fever, damage to the pharynx, lymph nodes, liver, spleen and peculiar changes in the composition of the blood).

Sumamed

The drug belongs to the clinical and pharmacological group of macrolides. Sumamed is produced in the form of tablets and powder for the manufacture of a suspension. They are used for the etiotropic treatment of various infectious diseases, which are aimed at eliminating pathogenic bacteria sensitive to this medicine.

The main component, azithromycin, is considered a chemical derivative of azalide macrolides. "Sumamed" has a bactericidal effect, leading to the death of sensitive pathogens.

The drug has a pronounced activity against a large number of gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms. Unlike other antibacterial drugs, Sumamed eliminates specific pathogens that are characterized by intracellular parasitism.

After oral administration, the active component of the drug is instantly and completely absorbed from the intestine into the blood.

Contraindications:

1. Severe liver disease.
2. The simultaneous use of ergotamine, as well as dihydroergotamine.
3. Digestion Disorders.
4. Azithromycin intolerance.
5. The age of the patient is up to six years.

Which antibiotic is better for bronchitis and pneumonia to use, should be determined by the doctor after the examination.

"Cefazolin"

The drug is available in powder form for the manufacture of a solution for injection. Persons who have had a history of allergic reactions to penicillin group drugs should consult a medical specialist before starting treatment with Cefazolin. As a rule, such people have an increased sensitivity to cephalosporins.

Patients with chronic lesions of the gastrointestinal tract, especially with colitis, must always consult a doctor before starting treatment. During therapy with injections, it is necessary to carefully monitor the patient's state of health, if signs of colitis appear, you should immediately stop taking the medication.

With proper dosage, Cefazolin does not inhibit the functioning of the central nervous system and does not slow down the speed of psychomotor reactions.

Limitations:

• pregnancy;
• individual intolerance to substances;
• severe allergic reactions to cephalosporins;
• severe kidney damage;
• severe liver disease;
• the age of patients is up to six months.

Lincomycin

What antibiotic is better to drink with bronchitis? "Lincomycin" is made in the form of capsules and injections. The medicine has an antimicrobial effect against bacteria that are sensitive to it. It is also used to eliminate infectious and inflammatory diseases of the respiratory system, as well as the musculoskeletal and ENT systems.

It refers to the antibacterial agents of the linkosamide group. The spectrum of exposure is the ability to provoke inhibition of the production of bacterial proteins by binding to the ribosome.

The effectiveness of "Linkomycin" is manifested in relation to:

• staphylococci;
• streptococci;
• pneumococci;
• corynebacteria diphtheria;
• clostridia;
• bacteroides;
• mycoplasma.

The antimicrobial agent actively acts on bacteria that are resistant to other antibiotics. Enterococci and gram-negative bacteria, fungi, viruses and protozoa are not sensitive to it. "Lincomycin" can be purchased at a pharmacy strictly according to a prescription.

Prohibitions for taking the drug:

• increased sensitivity to the components of the drug;
• severe violations of the liver or kidneys;
• child's age is less than one month.

Ceftazidime

People with intolerance to antibiotics of the penicillin series can respond poorly to injections, so before treatment, you must make sure that there are no allergic manifestations of the medication.

Ceftazidime therapy is not recommended to be discontinued before the end of the course of treatment, even if a person feels much better and the symptoms of the disease have passed. This can lead to the emergence of resistance of the source of the disease to the remedy, the transition of the disease into a chronic form.

During the use of injections, patients are advised to avoid drinking alcohol, as this increases the likelihood of toxic damage to the kidneys and liver.

When prescribing a drug to people with severe kidney damage or chronic renal failure, it is necessary to carefully monitor the work of the body. With a slight deterioration in health, antimicrobial therapy is immediately discontinued.

When using the drug intravenously, the patient may experience dizziness and drowsiness, so during therapy it is necessary to refrain from driving vehicles and operating machinery that requires increased attention.

Contraindications:

• pregnancy first trimester;
• individual intolerance to substances;
• severe liver and kidney disease;
• allergic manifestations to antibiotics of the penicillin group.

Conclusion

Despite the fact that antimicrobials are considered one of the important discoveries, the attitude to antibiotics is ambiguous. Some patients consider them a panacea and begin to use it for any ailment, while others are sure that these medicines do more harm than good.

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