When going to the forest for mushrooms, everyone should know well which of them are edible and which are not. There are conflicting opinions about sows. This article describes in detail about them: are they poisonous, how to handle them correctly, how much to cook porcini mushrooms and what can be prepared from them.
What is this mushroom
This mushroom is very common in coniferous and deciduous forests, and can also grow in garden areas. Since ancient times, pigs were classified as conditionally edible mushrooms. But despite this, many collect them and prepare delicious dishes from them. Pigs, on average, reach a height of 7 cm. At the edge, the hat is turned out, and closer to the center there is a recess similar to a funnel. By color, they can be gray shades or olive. Freshly cut sows quickly darken. The mushroom is also called the pork or barn. There are two types of sows: thin and thick. Fat - a pig - looks like a large mushroom with dense brownish flesh. Thin little pig - light brown, fleshy. The picking season for these mushrooms lasts from July to October.
Pigs: eat or not eat
Despite the fact that since 1981 they were officially banned from selling, the amount of their consumption in food has not decreased. In Russia, pigs eat no less than other mushrooms. There is a different preparation of mushrooms for sows: they are pickled, salted, fried and even boiled soup from them. They are sweet, very tasty. Many refuse to believe in the toxicity of these mushrooms. Nevertheless, pigs contain toxins that are not destroyed by heat treatment. With their frequent use in the human body, antibodies are formed that suppress the immune system and destroy red blood cells. This can all lead to kidney failure. The accumulation of antibodies occurs gradually and depends on the characteristics of the body. And whether pigs can be eaten is up to everyone to decide.
How to cook porcini mushrooms
Before cooking, mushrooms must be cleaned of debris, washed well and soaked in slightly salt water for 6-7 hours. Then this water must be drained. Repeat this soaking 2 times. Then the soaked mushrooms are boiled in salt water for 7-8 minutes. The brine is based on the calculation: for one kilogram of mushrooms one liter of water and one teaspoon of salt. After boiling, water must be drained. Then pour the mushrooms again with cool water. Boil another 40 minutes. And the last time, pour them with cold water and cook for 40 minutes. Drain the water again. All mushrooms are ready. It should be clearly remembered how much to cook porcini mushrooms. Otherwise, you can get poisoning. Cool boiled mushrooms - and can be used as intended. They can be stored in the refrigerator for no more than 3 days.
How to fry pigs
There are many different recipes for frying them. One of the easiest ways is to cook mushrooms of sows in sour cream. It turns out very tasty. Mushrooms and sour cream are always a good combination of products.
Ingredients:
- pigs - 1 kg;
- sour cream - 4 tbsp. spoons;
- one onion;
- sunflower oil;
- two cloves of garlic;
- salt to taste.
Step-by-step recommendations on how to fry porcini mushrooms :
1. First, onion oil is passerized until golden brown.
2. Next, cooked boiled sows, salt are added, and all this is fried over low heat.
3. After that, add the garlic and sour cream and simmer for 8 minutes.
The dish must be allowed to infuse and soak. And after 20 minutes it can be eaten.
Traditional recipes for cooking mushrooms of sows
Very tasty potatoes with mushrooms are prepared easily and simply.
Ingredients for 4 servings:
- boiled pigs - 300 g;
- potatoes - 7 pcs.;
- one onion;
- sour cream - 3 tbsp. spoons;
- meat broth or water - 1/2 cup;
- a slice of butter.
Finely chopped onion is fried in sunflower oil for 2-4 minutes. Then it is mixed with mushrooms and stewed in a separate pan for 30 minutes. At this time, prepared, finely chopped potatoes are fried over high heat. In the next step, the fried potatoes are added to the pot with mushrooms and stewed for 10-15 minutes. Everything, the dish is ready. According to this recipe, a juicy, plentifully smeared sour cream potato with sows is obtained. Her taste has a slight acidity, with a pronounced aftertaste of fried, and mushrooms give a special satiety. Before serving, it is recommended to sprinkle the resulting dish with fresh chopped herbs.
Another interesting and simple recipe is a salad with sows.
Ingredients:
- cooked boiled mushrooms (you should adhere to the above recommendations on how much to cook porcini mushrooms);
- onion;
- sunflower oil;
- vinegar 3% - 1/2 teaspoon;
- sprigs of greenery for decoration.
Large pigs are cut into small pieces, and small pigs can be left for decoration. Onions are cut into rings, and some of the greens are chopped finely. All ingredients are mixed, seasoned with oil and vinegar. Top salad can be decorated with sprigs of herbs and small mushrooms.
Marinated mushrooms
Pickled sows are a delicious treat. Such mushrooms are cooked longer than others. It is important to know how to pickle porcini mushrooms correctly, so that the dish turns out delicate and fragrant. The following products are required for this:
- sows - 3 kg;
- vinegar - 30 grams;
- sugar - 30 g;
- salt - 30 g;
- cloves - 10 pcs.;
- black pepper - 5 peas;
- bay leaf - 5 sheets;
- garlic;
- dill.
Mushrooms are soaked for 3 hours, then washed well and cut into pieces. After that, they are boiled in highly salted water for half an hour. Next, the brine is drained, and boiled mushrooms must be washed in 5 waters. After that, they again boil in cool salted water for another 30 minutes. It is very important to take the time into account and keep track of how much the boiled mushrooms cook. Then they are washed again and poured with cold water for another 1 hour. At this time, it is necessary to prepare the marinade. For him, water, salt, sugar, vinegar, spices are mixed and heated so that all the crystals are dissolved. In this marinade, the pigs are boiled for 10-15 minutes. Garlic and greens crumble at the end. After this, the mushrooms can be rolled up in jars.
Porcini Mushroom Caviar
There is another good recipe for preparing this product for the winter - mushroom caviar. For her, you will need:
- boiled pigs - 2 kg;
- onions - 4-5 pcs.;
- two carrots;
- three tomatoes;
- three cloves of garlic;
- Bulgarian pepper - 1/2 kg;
- sunflower oil - 150 g;
- sugar - 20 g;
- salt - 30 g;
- vinegar.
Ready boiled sows, bell peppers and tomatoes are scrolled through a meat grinder. How to cook porcini mushrooms has been described in detail above. Onions and grated carrots are fried in sunflower oil. After that, all the ingredients with a blender are mixed into a homogeneous mass and laid out in a stewing container. Salt and sugar are added here, and all this is stewed for an hour. Caviar must be constantly stirred. Crushed garlic is added 15 minutes before the end of cooking, and vinegar is added 1-2 minutes before being cooked. Hot caviar is laid out on the banks and rolled up with lids.