Most painkillers with a strong effect can cause dependence. In addition, they have an impressive list of side effects. Ketonal analgesic tablets stand out against the background of analogues. This drug belongs to the class of non-narcotic drugs. It does not have hormonal activity and is moderately toxic to the liver. In this article, you can find information about the Ketonal tablets: indications for use, side effects, contraindications, as well as a list of analogues.
Composition and form of release
The modern pharmacological market offers three varieties of the drug:
- Ketonal;
- Ketonal Duo;
- Ketonal Uno.
All of these varieties have the same main active ingredient. The analgesic effect of "Ketonal" is achieved by ketoprofen. Depending on the form of release, in each agent its concentration varies.
Each of the Ketonal Duo and Ketonal Uno preparations is available in a single dosage form, and Ketonal in different forms:
- Sustained-release tablets are effective for acute pain, which is characteristic of serious pathological processes in the internal organs.
- The tablets in the shell are ideal for dealing with short-term, but no less annoying, pain for the patient.
- Capsules - carefully relate to the mucosa of the esophagus and stomach, but have a somewhat delayed action.
- A solution for intramuscular or intravenous administration - acts quickly, enters directly into the bloodstream, bypassing the organs of the gastrointestinal tract, due to which it has less toxic effect on the liver.
- Rectal suppositories - absorption of the active substance of the rectal mucosa occurs quickly, from five to ten minutes, which allows to achieve the shortest possible pain relief.
- Cream - used for local anesthesia, rubbed into small areas of the skin until relief occurs.
- Gel (ointment) - has the same properties as a cream, but it has a high concentration of ketoprofen.
pharmachologic effect
The analgesic, mild antipyretic and anti-inflammatory effect of ketoprofen lies in its ability to block the work of cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase enzymes. The formation and production, as well as the effect on the body of prostaglandins, which should not be produced in large quantities, cease. They provoke the development of inflammation and are an excellent foundation for the reproduction of microbes, infections, pathogenic microflora. They cause a pain impulse and an increase in body temperature. Ketonal tablets block the formation of substances that cause inflammation, temperature and pain.
The drug has an extremely wide spectrum of analgesic activity - it helps with headaches and acute pain with appendicitis. Of course, suppressing pain in some cases can be dangerous.
Therapeutic effects
The instructions for use with Ketonal tablets indicate that the drug has three therapeutic effects.
- Anesthetic effect ensures the presence of ketotifen. Tablets have a wide spectrum of action. They help both from paroxysmal pain and from aching.
- The antipyretic effect of the drug is expressed quite mildly. If the patient has fever and fever, you should focus on a drug with a more targeted effect. One of the indications for Ketonal tablets is high fever and muscle aches for colds. The drug will bring down a temperature of about 38 degrees in about half an hour with oral administration. If you use the injection method, it will take about ten minutes for the thermometer to crawl down.
- The anti-inflammatory effect of the drug is manifested in polyarthritis, rheumatism. Ketonal (tablets, suppositories, injections) is actively used in medicine for inflammatory or degenerative diseases of bones, joints, muscles. Helps with pain caused by inflammation of the ligamentous apparatus and cartilage.
Indications for use
Instructions for use for tablets "Ketonal" reports that the drug has the following indications for use as part of complex therapy or as an independent tool:
- Pain syndrome, regardless of the cause of its appearance and localization.
- Inflammatory diseases of cartilage and bone tissue, accompanied by pain and temperature.
- Osteochondrosis of any spine, osteoarthrosis, ischemia.
- Lumbago, lumbalgia.
- Pain after injuries, surgical interventions.
- Neuralgic diseases accompanied by pain.
What helps Ketonal tablets? There are a lot of specific diagnoses: periarthritis, spondylitis, osteochondrosis, tendonitis, bursitis, lymphangitis, phlebitis, arthrosinovitis, osteoarthritis, ankylosing spondylitis. The exact dosage of the drug in each individual case may vary depending on the individual characteristics of the patient. What helps "Ketonal" in tablets, if the disease is not accompanied by pain? In the absence of other drugs, Ketonal can be used for colds, SARS, and flu - however, these diseases are not a direct indication for the use of this drug.
Contraindications
The instructions for use with Ketonal tablets indicate that the drug has the following contraindications (they are complete - if there is at least one of the ailments listed below, reception is forbidden even at the lowest dosage):
- chronic renal failure;
- liver diseases - toxic hepatitis, cirrhosis;
- the presence of a history of asthma or urticaria, which were provoked by the use of analgesics or acetylsalicylic acid;
- clotting problems;
- coronary artery bypass grafting, which has been carried out over the past three months;
- third trimester of pregnancy, children under the age of fifteen.
Interaction with other medicines
Simultaneous administration with tranquilizing drugs can provoke the development of coma.
Ketonal tablets reduce the effect of diuretic drugs, and also almost completely block the action of antihypertensive drugs. The break between taking these funds should be at least two hours.
Ketonal tablets, the composition of which is based on ketotifen, dramatically increase the effect of hypoglycemic drugs. This should be taken into account when taking people with diabetes.
When taken with cardiac glycosides (patients with cardiac diseases are forced to take them on an ongoing basis), Ketonal is able to increase their concentration in the blood. This should be taken into account to avoid overdose.
Before a joint intake of Ketonal with other pharmacological agents, it is necessary to consult at least with a therapist.
Special instructions for taking the injection form of the drug
A solution of the drug for injection can be used both intramuscularly and intravenously. Unlike tablets, injections begin to act within ten minutes after administration. The solution is administered rather painlessly; abscesses do not develop at the injection site.
Side effects from the injection form of the drug are more pronounced than in tablets. This is dizziness, headache, nausea, indigestion, drowsiness, loss of consciousness (with the introduction of too high a dosage). Therefore, injections are used mainly in medical institutions and in a hospital setting, and tablets are used for home therapy.
Special instructions for the use of ointment and cream
It should be applied in a thin layer on the skin over the focus of pain. Rub in gently with massage movements. Side effects of Ketonal ointment and cream are expressed in the fact that itching, dermatitis, eczema, urticaria can begin. You should immediately stop using the product when such symptoms appear. When taking Ketonal tablets, side effects are more often neurological in nature or manifest in digestive upset.
If the cream is well tolerated, then it is allowed to rub it into the skin up to five times a day. Before each use, you should wipe the previously treated area of the skin with a damp towel to wash off the remnants of the previous coating.
Candles "Ketonal": features of application
Patients older than fifteen years should be administered in the rectum, one suppository once or twice a day. Suppositories have a faster analgesic and antipyretic effect than tablets. How long does Ketonal act as a suppository? He relieves pain for about four to five hours, then they begin to return (in case the cause has not been eliminated).
Contraindication to the use of Ketonal suppositories is hemorrhoidal disease, prolapse of nodes, thrombosis of the walls of the rectum. Candles are used up to the normalization of the condition, they can lead a familiar lifestyle after stopping the pain syndrome.
Use during pregnancy and breastfeeding
In case of emergency or the development of intolerable pain, the use of "Ketonal" is allowed in the first and second trimester. When breastfeeding, the use of the drug in any form is prohibited, lactation should be stopped, and then treatment should be started.
The effect of ketoprofen on the fetus can be negative only in the third trimester. But even when taking an anesthetic in the initial stages of pregnancy, you should warn your doctor about this and follow the dosage instructions very carefully. The toxic effect on the liver, although not great, can play a negative role during pregnancy.
Analogs and substitutes for Ketonal
In modern medical practice, there are many diseases, almost every one of them is accompanied by pain of a particular intensity and severity. Analogues of Ketonal tablets will help get rid of pain, lower the temperature and prevent the development of inflammatory processes in bone, cartilage and muscle tissue.
- "Ketoprofen" is a drug produced in the form of tablets and a solution for injection. The list of indications for the drug is exactly the same as for Ketonal. In a pharmacy you can buy a prescription from a doctor, but almost all pharmacists meet them and let them go without him. "Ketoprofen" does not cause drug and psychological dependence, can be used to treat adolescents from fourteen years old and adults.
- Flamax Forte is another structural analogue of Ketonal, which has exactly the same list of indications for use. Sold in capsule form for oral administration. Flamax Forte is not always available in pharmacies, so it is easier to purchase Ketonal. At a cost these drugs are about the same.
- "Flexen" is available in the form of tablets, suppositories, solution for injection. It has analgesic, antipyretic and mild anti-inflammatory effect. On sale is not always.