Sinus bradyarrhythmia occurs when the heart rate decreases to less than sixty beats per minute. In this case, the sinus node acts as a source of slowing down the pulsation. At the same time, the normal mode of activity of all cardiac structures and the sequence of the ventricles and atria is maintained. Deviation can occur in healthy people. For example, in professional athletes at rest, the number of heart rate reductions may be less than forty beats.
Sinus bradyarrhythmia is often the result of certain diseases. Patients with severe manifestations of the disease may experience dizziness, heart pain, cold sweat, weakness, visual impairment, chronic fatigue, fainting states, up to a complete loss of consciousness.
The disease causes a number of pathologies. Decreased thyroid function associated with an overdose of digoxin, cordaronone, and beta-adrenergic blocking drugs can lead to deviation.
The ailment arises from local effects on the sinus node, from its inflammatory or degenerative lesions, which can be caused by thrombosis or vascular myocarditis. Heart rate reduction may be associated with posterior wall myocardial infarction.
Sinus bradyarrhythmia is a symptom of cardiosclerosis in the elderly. In rare cases, it is observed with cardiac tumors, when damage or pressure on the sinus node occurs.
The onset of the disease is facilitated by viral diseases, hypothyroidism, myocardial infarction, increased intracranial pressure. However, the main cause of the disease is the defeat of the sinus node, in which there is an increase in the tone of the nervous parasympathetic system.
As a treatment, drug therapy using atropine, isoprotenol is prescribed, and pacing is also used. If clinical manifestations are absent, treatment is not required.
Sinus bradyarrhythmia in children can develop at an early age. The main cause of the disease in infants is an increased tone of the vagus nerve, resulting from a pathological process in the myocardium. In some forms, the disease is expressed in children in a constant slowdown in heart rhythm, regardless of the factors of exposure or the condition of the child. In other cases, the diagnosis is made only when the rhythm slows down under the influence of certain factors, for example, hyperthermia.
Bradyarrhythmia in children is a fairly frequent deviation, characterized by the appearance on the exhale of tachycardia. This condition can be caused by exposure to cold. The disease can have both primary and secondary forms, when the slowdown is associated with other diseases of the body (cerebral edema, myxedema, intracranial hematoma, liver disease).
Most often, a child with a pathology does not complain about anything. With the pronounced nature of the disease in children, headaches, weakness and dizziness may occur. With exacerbations, loss of consciousness is possible due to impaired blood flow to the brain.
If there are complaints of poor health, a comprehensive examination is required. A diagnosis of sinus bradyarrhythmia will require regular monitoring by a cardiologist. In cases of seizures, immediate consultation with a cardiac surgeon will be needed, who will consider the appointment of electrical stimulation.
In recent years, there has been an increase in the number of children suffering from an ailment. But for many, the phenomenon is easily corrected and is temporary in nature. With the well-being of the child, it is enough to wait a while, and the disease can go away on its own.