Thyroid hyperplasia is a disease in which an increase occurs as a result of endocrine disorders. The thyroid gland plays an important role in the endocrine system, producing two groups of important hormones: calcitonins and iodothyronines. The first category is responsible for calcium metabolism and body growth. Iodothyronines are directly involved in metabolic processes. Any malfunction of the thyroid gland negatively affects human health.
Hyperplasia of the thyroid gland is a benign neoplasm, which gradually increases in size. In different people, the disease behaves differently: it all depends on the degree of development of the disease, the general condition of the person. The result of therapy is largely determined by the time of going to the doctor: the sooner, the greater the effect of therapy.
Thyroid hyperplasia: symptoms and causes
Usually there is a uniform increase in the thyroid gland on one side of the neck. Symptoms of the disease are the formation of swelling or swelling in the neck. A person has sharp changes in body weight, the pupils dilate, and an unhealthy shine can be seen in the eyes. The patient becomes overly excitable, nervous.
Symptoms of the disease are detected by ultrasound, with significant hyperplasia, an increase can be felt and noticeably with the naked eye. This pathology provokes a feeling of tightness, pressure in the lower region of the neck. Dyspnea or coughing may occur. A characteristic symptom is dryness in the larynx.
Gland enlargement can be triggered by various causes and factors that are not precisely established today. Basically, the disease begins due to the difficulties that the thyroid gland has to face in the production and processing of hormones. An increase in the organ is due to a constant increase in the number of hormones that make the cells of the gland divide. In some cases, this process leads to the formation of nodes in the tissues and neoplasms.
Hyperplasia of the thyroid gland can also occur under the influence of fibrous thyroiditis, inflammation of the thyroid gland, which leads to the destruction of the organ, followed by the proliferation of connective tissue. Diffuse toxic goiter, which causes excessive production of thyroid hormones, can affect the development of an ailment. This disease has an autoimmune nature and provokes hyperplasia in children.
Hyperplasia of the thyroid gland (1 degree) begins with a deficiency of iodine in the body, which is a stabilizer of the processes occurring in the thyroid gland. In the initial stages of the disease, there are practically no signs, so the disease is difficult to determine and start timely treatment. Therefore, in order to identify abnormalities and symptoms during the period, periodic prophylaxis should be performed and a full examination should be performed. Besides? it is necessary to take vitamins, seafood, iodine, fish, seaweed containing iodine, use iodized salt for food.
Thyroid Disease Treatment
In medical practice, the treatment of hyperplasia is carried out with the help of hormonal drugs (“Thyroxine”), as well as drugs that make up the iodine deficiency in the body, prescribed by the endocrinologist. With insufficient production of hormones, therapy is performed to stabilize this process and prevent a further increase in the size of the thyroid gland. When the body returns to normal, a second examination is performed. In the absence of positive results, surgical methods are used to remove the enlarged part of the organ. However, these are extreme methods.