Many women and men are wondering why red spots appear on their faces. They affect the self-esteem of a person and his appearance. This leads to psychological problems and, as a result, interferes with communication with other people. Most often, this problem is not serious, in other cases, it indicates the occurrence of serious diseases. The latter, depending on the stage, can be treated either with medication or folk remedies. What are the causes of spots on the face and what to do with them - we will consider during the article.
Varieties
Spots can be different in shape, size. They are distinguished by the intensity of color, as well as the presence of peeling. Currently, about 30 types of skin rashes are known and 6 of them are suitable for description.
- Hemorrhage. Such a spot is caused by subcutaneous hemorrhage. Color can be not only red, but, depending on the prescription, acquire a blue, green, yellow or gray shade.
- Spot. In diameter, its size is from 5 to 20 mm. It does not protrude above the surface of the skin and disappears when pressed.
- Papule. This formation has a diameter of 1 to 20 mm. It rises above the surface. The structure is domed.
- Roseola on the face. This formation is a pale pink color, its diameter is 1-2 mm. The shape is round, does not stick out of the skin.
- Tubercle. Has an inflammatory infiltrate. The structure is dense, no internal cavities. Diameter up to 2 mm.
- Erythema. What is it? Quite a large area of redness. Their color can vary from red to purple.
In reality, two or more variants of a rash can immediately merge on the face. Because of this, it is difficult to diagnose the problem quickly and correctly choose an effective treatment.
Causes
The causes of the appearance of red spots can be completely different. Moreover, they are not always associated with skin problems. Similar symptoms can cause diseases of internal organs and systems. Let's consider in more detail the causes of the problem.
Physiological redness
A red rash on the face can sometimes be caused by physiological causes. In this case, it is not considered a disease. To hide the defect, you can use cosmetics. Such features in most cases are not cured. This feature is associated with the vascular network. If it is located superficially, then the face acquires a reddish tint. In some cases, only some vessels may protrude.
Allergies
If there are spots on the face that are accompanied by itching, then there is a greater likelihood of allergies. If we are talking about hives, then the rash will be from 3 to 50 mm in size. The hue is bright red. Together with an itch, a burning sensation may occur. The capillaries are compressed, and the exudate will gradually accumulate. Because of this, the rashes turn white. As soon as the cause of the allergy is eliminated, the problem disappears. Often in a critical stage, combing can be observed. An allergic red rash is common in children.
Pathological redness
Has it been described above that this is erythema? She and the other options described are considered pathological. They may indicate problems of the stomach, vascular bed, heart, and so on. Sometimes redness can be fragmented, that is, affect only certain areas of the skin, or total.
Psychological reasons
Considering what causes red spots on the face, psychological reasons can also be identified. This problem affects both women and men. Most often, stressful situations are considered a provoking factor. This problem is considered quite popular.
When the sympathetic nervous system is excited, the vascular network becomes very noticeable. In this case, the capillaries increase and expand, the flow of blood increases. Irregular spots appear on the face as a result.
Infectious and inflammatory problems
Often the rash causes infectious problems. These include a large number of diseases, but consider the most common.
- Lichen. Rashes have a bubbly structure. In another type of rash, this does not transform.
- Sycosis. The appearance of redness at the site of the bristles.
- Pyoderma. Red spots that are filled with purulent contents. Looks like tubercles.
- Erysipelas. Such inflammation is often localized on the cheeks, near the nose, in the corners of the mouth. In this case, the spots often merge and protrude above the skin.
- Furunculosis. Volumetric type formation. Rises above the skin.
Some doctors are able to rank psoriasis on this list. However, this is wrong, since this problem does not develop due to an infectious agent.
Heart and vascular problems
Is there anything else that causes red spots on the face? Provoking factors include heart problems. This is directly related to the state of the vessels. Atherosclerosis may occur. Due to the plaque, the blood flow is disturbed and the vessels are stretched. The spots are irregular in shape. If the stretching is strong, then the vessel itself may be noticeable.
Another reason should be noted the lack of the right amount of magnesium in the body. This leads to heart problems.
Digestive tract diseases
Speaking of what causes red spots on the face, problems with the digestive tract should be highlighted. Spider veins may also occur. Often, spots indicate liver problems. They occur with cirrhosis or cancer. Sometimes appear with intestinal problems. In this case, the process of the onset of symptoms is understandable. Toxins are released that enter the bloodstream. It causes an allergy.
Skin structure
If a person has deep blood vessels, hyperpigmentation may appear. This provokes the appearance of reddened areas of the body that are colored more intensely than others. An example of such problems is vitiligo.
Other possible causes
Red skin on the face is often the result of autoimmune processes. Psoriasis can also be the cause. It often progresses due to stress or genetic factors. The problem manifests itself in the form of flaky spots. They can appear on the face, elbows, knees, armpits. If the disease progresses, then plaques can cover the whole body of the patient.
In addition, psoriasis often manifests itself in periods of remission and relapse. Plaques protrude above the skin, blood dew syndrome appears. The legs become as if they were poked with a needle.
Then the face turns red?
Often there are red spots on the face after sleep.
Contact with an allergic substance may cause similar problems.
With a person's prolonged stay in a place where there is a fever, hyperemia occurs due to excessive vasodilation.
Washing or rubbing the face with high intensity also provokes irritation in the form of redness.
Such conditions do not require urgent intervention. If we are talking about an allergic reaction, then you need to take antihistamines. In other cases, hyperemia passes on its own after eliminating the cause.
When is facial redness considered dangerous?
The red face in an adult is considered a dangerous symptom if other signs are manifested. It can be anaphylactic shock or angioedema of the lungs. The first is manifested by pallor, decreased pressure, loss of coordination, worsening of well-being, and the second - a blue tinge of the ears or lips, hoarseness of voice, problems with inhalation. In this case, you need to call an ambulance and give an anti-allergic agent. Doctors recommend Suprastin or Zirtek.
A risk group should include situations where spots appear on the face due to problems with the intestines, liver or heart. However, due to the fact that such a symptom is not considered indicative and objective, it is immediately impossible to identify the disease. With infectious causes, as well as psychological danger, redness of the skin does not carry. Sometimes when taking alcoholic beverages, as well as rubbing, the vessels may expand excessively. It is not dangerous to human life.
Why do red spots appear when drinking alcohol?
A red spot on the cheek of an adult who drinks alcohol is considered the norm. This is due to the fact that due to the effects of alcohol, the vessels expand. A large amount of blood begins to flow to the skin and hyperemia occurs. This phenomenon cannot be called pathological, as it passes through time on its own without harm to humans. If a person suffers from chronic alcoholism, then his face may be red constantly.
Diagnostic measures
Diagnosis is by taking an anamnesis, analyzing his complaints and visual inspection of an adult red spot on the cheek or on another area of the face. Most often, this is enough to make a diagnosis. If there is a suspicion of the infectious nature of the rashes, then scraping is taken. In cases where everything is in order with the skin and no problems were identified during the diagnosis, examinations of the heart, liver, kidneys, gastrointestinal tract and so on are prescribed.
Which doctor should I contact?
First of all, you need to contact a dermatovenerologist. Often there is such a doctor in all settlements. If there is a need, then he himself will write a referral to other doctors (therapist, oncologist, gastroenterologist, and so on). If red scaly spots appear, then you need to go to the doctor urgently, as this can be a symptom of a serious illness.
Drug treatment
It is only necessary to treat spots on the face after the doctor has determined the exact cause of their occurrence. Often, rashes are atypical in nature, therefore, at home, it may be difficult to make a diagnosis.
If the cause was psoriasis, then you can use soaps and shampoos made on the basis of tar. You need to wash your face no more than 4 times a day. Before going to bed, you need to apply a moisturizer to moisturize the skin. This is a necessary measure, since tar drains the surface very much.
If there is inflammation or an allergic reaction, then you need to use tools such as Sinaflan, Acriderm. These preparations should be applied in a small layer without rubbing. They are used no more than 4 times a day. How many times you have to apply depends on the degree of damage and the clinical picture.
The described ointments have hormones in their composition, so only a doctor can prescribe them. If the rash is infectious in nature, then such funds will be contraindicated. Antibacterial or antifungal agents are used, depending on the pathogen.
Creams and ointments
Which ointment or cream will be used depends entirely on the diagnosis. Consider the tools that doctors recommend in most cases.
- Akriderm. The drug is based on steroids. It has anti-inflammatory effect, acts aggressively. Swelling and inflammation is relieved quite quickly, exudation decreases. They are prescribed for psoriasis, seborrhea, as well as non-bacterial problems that occur in a chronic form. It is necessary to apply from 1 to 6 times per day, depending on the clinical picture. The layer should be thin. Use for a long time is prohibited. The course is prescribed by a doctor.
- Losterin. This medication is used if a person has chronic dermatitis. It moisturizes the skin, softens it and relieves itching. It is applied in a small layer no more than 2 times a day. Often the drug is used as an additional tool.
- "Exoderyl." Ointment of bactericidal and mycocidal type. Used in case of a rash of fungal nature. The lesion is processed no more than 4 times a day, it is often advised to apply it in the form of a compress.
- Naftader. This ointment is anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antiseptic in nature. Used for ulcers, dermatitis and furunculosis. Used 2 times a day. If there are indications, then the dosage may be increased.
The described means should not be used independently. This is due to the fact that each of them has contraindications and side effects. If you choose the wrong medicine, you can only worsen the course of the problem.
Folk remedies
Often, along with drug treatment, people use folk. First you need to consult a doctor so as not to make a mistake in the selection of compresses and masks. Often, young girls come to this type of treatment, who after using dangerous cosmetics suffer from an allergy to the skin of the face.
Masks
Masks are recommended both for the treatment of infectious problems, and of a different nature. You can use store options, but you need to pay attention to their effect. If a person develops psoriasis, eczema or other problems of a non-bacterial nature, then you can use the mask according to the following recipe.
You need to take a nut-kerosene extract, two tablespoons of tar and a little fish oil. All components must be mixed and applied to the skin no more than 1 time per day. The mask must be kept for up to 40 minutes. The course of treatment is 2 weeks. The base for the mask is made from green walnuts (0.3 liters). They should be crushed, filled in a liter jar and filled with kerosene to the top. The bank needs to be closed and left for three weeks. After the expiration, you need to filter the mixture.
If it is an inflammatory rash, then you need to use a different mask.
You should take carrots and turnips in equal amounts. They need to grind and bring to a homogeneous consistency. The mixture on the face lasts up to 20 minutes. The mask should be applied every day for 1-2 weeks. Rinse off better with milk.
Grinding
If a person has a vessel burst on his face, then rubbing can help. They also help with skin diseases.
A decoction of blackberry leaves is used. You need to take 100 grams of the leaf, fill it with water (900 ml) and boil for 15-20 minutes. Next, the tool should be filtered and cooled. You can use such a grinding with lichen, eczema or with problems of an infectious nature.
From sea buckthorn oil, you can make an excellent tool. You need to take 5 grams of oil, mix with a greasy base (95 g). This mixture should be wiped on the face no more than 3 times a day. This product disinfects, relieves inflammation and soothes the skin. If the vessel on the face burst, then the drug will be an excellent tool to fix the problem.
Summary
So that a person does not have a problem with facial redness, he needs to lead a healthy lifestyle, not drink alcohol, avoid stress, and also consume more citrus fruits. They stabilize the body. It is important to have good nutrition and proper sleep.
In the diet, you need to add those products that contain bioflavonoids, eggs, carrots, nuts, meat.
In addition, you need to take care of your skin and do not use hazardous cosmetics. If the masks have expired, do not use them. To flush drugs from the face, you need to use running water and tar soap.