Presentation of the chorion (placenta) is the incorrect location of the placenta, when instead of the body of the uterus, it captures partially or completely the lower uterine segment. Chorion is a synonym for the placenta in the early stages of development. By the end of pregnancy, in most patients, the chorion rises, but there are exceptions. If the localization of the chorion is posterior, then it will rise more slowly, if the anterior, then faster.
Causes of the disease
The exact and reliable causes of this disease are unknown, but there are a number of factors contributing to the development of this disease. In particular, chorionic presentation can develop due to:
- Scar on the uterus after cesarean section;
- Scar after myomectomy;
- A large number of births in the patient;
- Age over 35 years old;
- Presentation of chorion in previous births;
- Chronic uterine inflammation
- Uterine tumor (myoma);
- Anomalies and pathologies in the development of an organ;
- Smoking.
In addition, we can say that the presentation of the chorion is quite common in the early stages of pregnancy, statistically this is up to 30% of cases.
Symptoms of the disease
The main symptom of the disease is the appearance of bleeding, which appears due to the fact that the placenta is not capable of stretching, so when the uterus is stretched, it exfoliates and bleeds. Bleeding can occur spontaneously, then disappearing, then reappearing, pain disappears. The low position of the chorion contributes to heavy bleeding. In addition, factors such as physical activity, vaginal examination, sexual intercourse, hot bath, sauna, and constipation can trigger bleeding.
Complications that can present Chorion previa
The main complication that this disease gives is an unplanned abortion or premature birth. With this disease, the child develops normally, but characteristic hypotension is recorded in patients, so even a slight loss of blood leads to anemia. If the bleeding started spontaneously, then sometimes you have to do a cesarean section, as a last resort in order to save the life of the mother and baby.
Diagnosis of the disease
Diagnosis of presentation is usually not difficult for a patient normally observed in a hospital. This disease is perfectly diagnosed with a routine ultrasound scan. Vaginal examination of pregnant women is not recommended.
If the patient has not had an ultrasound scan, then this disease can be recognized by frequent bleeding that is not accompanied by pain, as well as by the high standing of the bottom of the uterus.
Disease treatment
First of all, it must be said that all drugs with this pathology are absolutely useless, because they can not affect the location of the chorion in any way. When there are suspicious symptoms and the diagnosis of the disease, it is necessary to completely exclude any physical activity, as well as completely exclude sexual contact. In addition, the patient needs constant monitoring by a specialist, so she is hospitalized in the hospital.
In the event that there is no constant bleeding, the patient may well be at home, while more often resting in the fresh air and eating properly, choosing a diet to prevent constipation. It should be noted that this is especially important, because with this pathology, any laxatives are contraindicated.
If the patient has a complete presentation of the chorion, then natural birth is contraindicated and a cesarean section is required . In natural births, there is a high risk of placental abruption, resulting in great blood loss, which will threaten the health of both the mother and the baby.