Cystitis with blood is a consequence of the inflammatory process in the bladder. The pathology is accompanied by acute cutting pain in the lower abdomen, the patient feels painful and frequent urge to the toilet, in which urine is excreted along with blood. What are the causes of this disease? What symptoms accompany this condition, and what is required to cure the patient?
The causes of the disease
The main cause of the development of cystitis with blood, which is characterized by painful urination, is E. coli. When it appears in the urination channel, it gradually settles in the bladder, and because of this, an inflammatory process develops in the mucous membrane. If proper treatment is not available, then blood capillaries are also involved in the inflammation, their walls are damaged, and urine mixes with blood during urination. We are talking about hemorrhagic cystitis.
Hue urine
The hue of urine is also due to the stage of the disease and ranges from pale pink to dull brown. Urine has a sharp unpleasant odor. Blood cystitis is more common in women than in men. Representatives of the weaker sex, in principle, suffer from cystitis more often, including hemorrhagic.
This “injustice” is due to the anatomical specificity: the female urethra is wider, viruses and bacteria penetrate into it faster. Hemorrhagic cystitis is often found in children. It is worth noting that here is the opposite case, since boys suffer more often from cystitis than girls.
Why does pathology develop?
A disease such as cystitis can develop when urine is unable to move normally from the bladder, if there is a mechanical obstruction, for example, a stone or a tumor in the urethral lumen, or because of the narrowing of this lumen in the form of a scar.
The disease can also occur due to neurogenic situations, with a sharp loss of the ability of the bladder muscle to contract. Blood appears in urine when a person suffers too long and does not empty his bladder. The muscle fibers in this case are overstretched, and the deterioration of blood circulation in the walls of the bladder begins.
Foreign object
The cause of cystitis with blood may be the presence of a foreign object in the bladder, which causes irritation of the mucous membranes and provokes a blood admixture in the urine. Men suffer from a hemorrhagic type of cystitis often due to prostate adenoma. The reason for the occurrence of pathology in women is often infections that are transmitted sexually (gonorrhea, chlamydia). Such infections can provoke the appearance of hemorrhagic cystitis, including in men, however, in more rare cases.
Symptoms
Initially, with the development of cystitis, only painful urination is felt, for a couple of days an admixture of blood in urine is added to it. For a day, women and men have up to forty urinations. In this case, the urge to the toilet happens at night. At the same time, a person wants to empty his bladder, however, when going to the toilet, he cannot do this. In the lower abdomen during urging, severe cutting pains appear, and after going to the toilet, they intensify.
Blood in the urine with cystitis is often accompanied by a rise in temperature to rather high rates. Also at this time there are very frequent urges to go to the toilet, even a small portion of urine makes the patient feel very strong urges, and the pain after that does not stop and even intensifies. In this case, blood in the urine is not immediately noticeable. It appears a few hours after the disease occurs. Sometimes there can be so much blood that urination is even delayed. If it suddenly disappeared from the patient's urine, then we can talk about a quick recovery. Symptoms of hemorrhagic cystitis can go away even without treatment for one to two weeks, however, they can develop into a chronic type of disease characterized by exacerbations that recur at different intervals.
If cystitis with blood lasts a long time, the patient has shortness of breath, weakness and constant fatigue, which is a consequence of anemia that occurs with a hemorrhagic protracted illness.
Disease complications
The most dangerous complicating factor in hemorrhagic cystitis is clogging of the urethra with a blood clot. At the same time, urine continues to flow into the bladder from the kidneys, with no outlet. Bladder tamponade appears. He continues to expand at this time to large sizes.
Microbes that spread throughout the body with blood flow can enter the bloodstream through capillaries with injuries in the bladder mucosa, and inflammation of the uterine appendages, pyelonephritis, or other inflammatory pathologies can develop.
Symptoms of cystitis with blood in women should not go unnoticed.
Necessary research
When a patient visits a doctor with complaints of blood in the urine, the first appointment will be blood donation for analysis. Thanks to this, acute inflammation can be noticed: an increase in ESR and an increased number of white blood cells. In the patient’s urine, most often there are a lot of red blood cells and white blood cells, with bacterial seeding it is possible to identify the pathogen. If hemorrhagic cystitis occurs due to a viral, but not bacterial, infection, then an analysis of urine will not show the presence of bacteria. An increase in the total number of leukocytes is formed due to an increase in monocytes.
To confirm or deny the presence of a bacterial process in the bladder, it is necessary to carry out bacteriological culture of urine on nutrient media. At the same time, an analysis of the reaction of the infectious agent to antibiotics that can help in the treatment is also carried out.
Cystoscopy
Another important step in the diagnosis of blood in the urine with cystitis in women is cystoscopy. Using a cystoscope, a specialist examines the walls of the bladder and their condition, the presence of foreign bodies, tumors and stones in it. To finally make a diagnosis, sometimes you need to conduct additional studies, namely, radiography of the kidneys and bladder. After these manipulations, the specialist will be able to make the correct diagnosis and then prescribe the necessary treatment for cystitis with blood.
Treatment features
Pathology is treated only after medical consultation. In order for the therapy to be effective and fast, you need to contact a urologist in time. With a running course of the disease, it can become chronic. You can not rely only on home methods to get rid of cystitis, since they often become meaningless. They can be used only after medical consultation and along with traditional therapeutic manipulations. If proper treatment is not available, cystitis can spread to the kidneys and ureters, and this is fraught with complications. The chronic type of the disease is treated difficult and for a long time.
First of all, the reason due to which the pathology arose is eliminated. With a bacterial infection, treatment is carried out using antibiotics. If cystitis is of viral origin, a specialist will prescribe antiviral drugs and immunomodulators. If symptoms of cystitis with blood occur due to the intake of a number of drugs, the doctor will suggest that you abandon them for some time or replace them with safe analogues.
In addition, drugs are prescribed that strengthen the vascular walls and stop bleeding.
It is necessary to consume large quantities of liquid. At least three liters should be taken in one day. It is very important to adjust your diet. In the treatment of hemorrhagic cystitis, too salted, spicy dishes, chocolate and alcohol are prohibited. Products are also excluded, due to which the secretion of blood together with urine occurs with particular force.
To eliminate pain, antispasmodics and analgesics are prescribed. Especially effective are Baralgin and Diclofenac.
When cystitis becomes chronic for treatment, physiotherapeutic procedures are carried out: iontophoresis, inductothermy, irrigation of the bladder with antiseptic solutions, UHF, magnetic laser therapy.
Women should visit both a urologist and a gynecologist, since often blood cystitis occurs due to diseases of the female reproductive system.
Home Remedies
To cure hemorrhagic cystitis, natural teas are used to stop the blood - for example, from yarrow and nettle (one tablespoon each).
The bathtubs with the addition of chamomile broth will benefit. In such a bath you can stay no longer than twenty minutes.
- If the cystitis is painful, a decoction of bearberry and lingonberry leaves (one tablespoon each) will help. They are poured with boiling water and languish in a water bath for forty minutes. Take 50 milliliters before meals.
- Dried bearberry and yarrow (two tablespoons) and birch buds (one spoon) are poured with boiling water and infused for half an hour in a water bath. You should drink three times a day, the dose is 150 milliliters.
- Chamomile (two tablespoons) is poured with one glass of boiling water and insist hour. Then add a teaspoon of honey to the broth and drink it three times in 100 milliliters.
- Dill seeds need to be crushed to a powder state and pour a glass of boiling water, leave for an hour. Such an infusion should be drunk on an empty stomach in the morning.
But, of course, before starting therapy, you need to identify the causes.
Cystitis with blood is an extremely unpleasant pathology, but with a timely visit to a specialist and the implementation of everything prescribed by him, recovery will not take long.