Very often, common colds are complicated by bouts of bronchial spasms or other unpleasant symptoms. In this case, specialists can recommend Berodual for inhalation. Instructions for use of the drug will be described in this article.
What is this medicine? In what cases is it justifiable for the treatment of children? Instructions for use "Berodual" for inhalation answers all these questions in detail. It also explains what contraindications and side effects the drug has, in what dosage it must be taken to achieve a quick effect.
However, first, let's find out the composition of the drug and its pharmacological properties. This information can also be found in the instructions to the “Berodual”. For inhalations for adults and children, this tool is considered very useful. Having carefully studied the annotation to the medication, you can carry out the correct treatment of various diseases.
Drug Release Form
First of all, remember that “Berodual” is a solution for inhalation, therefore, the drug is a clear liquid, slightly colored with yellowish tones. The medicine is in a metered glass bottle equipped with a dropper for simplified use of the solution.
How to do inhalation with “Berodual”, we will discuss a little later.
Main components
What is part of the “Berodual” for inhalation? The instructions for the use of the drug explain that the active ingredients of the drug are two components that have a bronchodilator effect. These are fenoterol and ipratropium bromide. Do these components relate to hormonal substances? Not. Therefore, according to the instructions for use of Berodual for inhalation, the drug is not hormonal, as it does not apply to glucocorticosteroid anti-inflammatory drugs.
The composition of the medication
In one milliliter of the medicinal solution, there are five hundred micrograms of phenoterol hydrobromide and 261 micrograms of ipratropium bromide monohydrate (this dosage is 250 micrograms of ipratropium bromide anhydrous).
And what about the additional components? They are also important to know in order to avoid possible allergic reactions. Excipients of the drug are sodium chloride, hydrochloric acid, disodium edetate dihydrate, purified water and benzalkonium chloride.
How is the bronchodilator effect achieved during the use of Berodual for inhalation? The instruction for the drug explains in detail what processes in the human body occur when the active substances of the drug get there.
Pharmacological effects
As you can see, the main components of the drug are active substances with a bronchodilator effect. They belong to two different pharmacological groups. Iprotropium bromide belongs to M-anticholinergics, while fenoterol hydrobromide is a β 2 -adrenomimetic. Thanks to the combination of such different substances, a positive result is achieved from the use of Berodual for inhalation. Let's find out more about this.
The mentioned two components organically complement each other, thereby enhancing the therapeutic effect of their use. It is noteworthy that, to achieve the best result, the substances must be in a ratio of 1: 2.5.
Iprotropia bromide has a local effect due to the fact that it inhibits the reflexes that cause the vagus nerve. Due to the fact that a relationship is established with the muscarinic receptor, which is located on the smooth bronchial muscles, the intracellular calcium concentration decreases, as a result of which it is released using a system of secondary mediators.
At the same time, iprotropium bromide in no way has a negative effect on the secretion of mucus in the respiratory system, the mucolytic system or gas exchange. It is known that thanks to this substance, lung function improves within fifteen minutes after its administration. The duration of this effect reaches five to six hours.
With regard to fenoterol hydrobromide, it should be said that the substance stimulates beta2-adrenergic receptors, but does so selectively. Due to this, the vessels and muscles of the bronchi are relaxed, because of which the cramps provoked by allergens, cold air or other irritants are stopped. Moreover, fenoterol hydrobromide inhibits the release of certain mediators responsible for the inflammatory process from mast cells.
At elevated doses of the drug, the substance can also affect beta1-adrenergic receptors. Be that as it may, the vascular effect of this component contributes to an increase in the number of heart contractions. The significance of this manifestation on the general well-being of a person has not been fully studied. Also, during clinical trials, it was revealed that tolerance may develop against the background of taking the drug. How this will affect the general condition of the patient in the future is also not yet fully established.
What else can you learn from the instructions for “Berodual” for inhalation?
Pharmacokinetic features
What happens in the body when the active substances of Berodual get there? According to reviews, for inhalation, this drug is the best, since it affects the respiratory system locally. Only about forty percent of the drug (and even with an increased dose) gets directly into the lungs. The remaining sixty or more percent settle in the oral cavity or pharynx. A minimal portion may be swallowed and enter the organs of the gastrointestinal tract. Once in the lungs, the active substances are almost immediately absorbed into the blood.
Instructions for “Berodual” for inhalation explain how each of the active ingredients of the drug is absorbed.
The bioavailability of phenoterol hydrobromide is estimated at seven percent when it comes to inhalations, and 1.5 percent when it comes to internal use. Only forty percent of this substance combines with plasma proteins. Basically, the minimum dose of the component is excreted mainly through the intestines, as well as by the kidneys.
If we talk about the bioavailability of ipratropium bromide, then we should talk a little about other figures: from 7 to 28 percent through inhalation and about two percent when used orally. Only twenty percent of the consumed dose of ipratropium bromide or even less binds to plasma proteins. The substance is excreted through the kidneys and intestines.
Now let's find out under what diseases Berodual inhalation drops are prescribed.
When using the product
As already mentioned, the drug is most often used for inhalation with a nebulizer. “Berodual” is a liquid solution that has a beneficial effect on the respiratory system.
So, for what diseases is the use of the drug justified? First of all, with bronchial asthma, obstructive pulmonary diseases of a chronic nature, pneumonia and obstructive bronchitis. According to patients, after inhalation with the help of “Berodual”, a cough is relieved, wheezing disappears, breathing calms down, bronchial function improves.
However, this drug is not the main way to treat the above diseases. Its function is to facilitate breathing. Therefore, before you learn how to breed “Berodual” for inhalation (with or without saline), you need to find out why the medication is used for bronchial spasms.
Why carry out inhalation for various ailments?
This is a very important issue. For example, obstructive bronchitis. How can this medication help? With bronchitis, patients may feel shortness of breath when inhaling, as well as specific wheezing.
To get rid of these symptoms and prevent airway obstruction, some attending doctors prescribe inhalations with Berodual in addition to complex therapy. It is noteworthy that if obstructive symptoms are severe, then this drug, with a mild effect, may be ineffective. In this case, more powerful (most often hormonal) drugs are prescribed.
In the presence of pneumonia, antibacterial therapy is carried out primarily, and expectorant drugs and mucolytics are prescribed by a specialist. In order to improve (and accelerate) their effect, Berodual can be additionally prescribed, which will relieve possible bronchospasm.
In some cases, according to the reviews of patients and their doctors, the drug is recommended for laryngitis. How justified is this? If the disease is accompanied by difficulty in inhaling or exhaling, then the active components of the drug can have a beneficial effect on the larynx. For example, due to a vasoconstrictor effect and a decrease in tone in muscle tissues, laryngeal edema can be relieved and normal breathing restored.
Is Berodual prescribed for coughing? No, because the drug is not an antitussive. It eliminates only a cough caused by asthmatic events. If the symptom is caused by infectious ailments or mechanical damage to the larynx, then inhalation with the Berodual solution will be useless, and sometimes it can even cause complications. Therefore, only the attending physician who knows the whole picture of the disease should prescribe treatment with the drug.
So, we found out that the medication is not an antitussive, therefore, it is prescribed regardless of whether the patient has a cough - wet or dry. The main indication of the drug is bronchial obstruction.
And now let's move on to the main question: how to take the drug?
General directions for use
As has been repeatedly mentioned above, the instructions to “Berodual” recommends using the drug only for inhalation, and not for internal or external use. Moreover, the tool is adapted only for inhalation in a nebulizer. Breathing over the drug through steam is unacceptable, since it is possible to burn the mucous membranes of the eyes.
Procedures can be carried out regardless of meals, as active substances affect organs that are not associated with the digestion of foods. On the other hand, it is recommended to carry out inhalation half an hour before and an hour and a half after any meal.
How long is the treatment? The doctor prescribes the duration of therapy, but the manufacturer recommended not to use the product for longer than five to seven days.
Is it possible to carry out inhalation at temperature? Yes, doctors and other specialists are unanimous in this matter. Similar procedures can be carried out at a body temperature of 38 degrees or even higher.
An important rule for using the solution is that it cannot be used undiluted. The drug is diluted with saline (and only with it). It is unacceptable to combine the composition with distilled water or other substances.
How to carry out inhalation with Berodual and saline?
A little about the procedure itself
In order for the treatment to benefit, inhalation must be done correctly. Where do you need to start the procedure?
First of all, you should correctly prepare the solution for inhalation. How many drops of Berodual to use and in what proportions? We will talk about the dosage a little lower.
Having prepared the solution, it should be poured into the capacity of the nebulizer, and then connect the mask and the device using an elastic tube. Then the mask must be applied to the face and turn on the device. What should be done in the process itself?
It is recommended to breathe this way: a deep and slow breath in your mouth, holding your breath for a couple of seconds, exhaling through your nose. Inhalation should be carried out until all the medicinal fluid has evaporated. Typically, the duration of the procedure does not exceed seven minutes.
The diluted solution cannot be stored; unused liquid should be poured out.
But how to breed “Berodual”? It all depends on the prescribed dosage of the main drug. The required volume of solution for the procedure is three to four milliliters (this indicator most often depends on the age of the patient or the appointment of a doctor). That is, the required dosage of “Berodual” should be diluted with saline so that the output is three or four milliliters.
Little patients
How to breed “Berodual” for inhalation for children? The dosage of the drug depends on the age of the child, his weight, as well as on the characteristics of the ailment. The following is general information on how to use the medicine. Your doctor will prescribe a more accurate dosage and schedule.
How to use the “Berodual” to stop an attack of bronchial asthma in children of six to twelve years old? In difficult situations (and only under the supervision of a specialist), a dose of three milliliters (i.e. sixty drops) can be recommended. If we are talking about a mild or moderate attack, then inhalation is carried out using 0.5 or one milliliter of a solution (which equals ten or twenty drops, respectively). A more complex case involves the use of two milliliters of Berodual (forty drops). This recommendation is intended for single use. If long-term treatment is necessary, then the number of sessions per day and the duration of the course are prescribed by the attending physician.
For the treatment of pneumonia, obstructive bronchitis and other pathologies of the respiratory tract, you should use the drug for ten to twenty drops (0.5-1 milliliter) four times a day.
In the process of ventilation of the lungs “Berodual”, as an adjuvant, is applied at 0.5 milliliters.
How to treat small children with inhalation using this drug? For children under six years of age, the optimal dose of Berodual is calculated according to the following formula: 0.1 ml per 1 kg of the baby's weight (however, the dosage should not exceed 0.5 ml). It should be clarified that 0.1 ml equals two drops. The number of procedures should not exceed three times a day.
According to reviews, quite often “Berodual” is assigned to infants. Many mothers doubt whether it is necessary to treat newborns with such a powerful tool. This can be understood, but with regard to the treatment of infants, one should listen to a specialist. After all, if you do not adjust the baby’s breathing, this can cause serious complications. The baby will begin to lag behind in development, it will be bad to gain weight, the inflammatory process will go into the chronic stage. To avoid all these complications, inhalations should be performed, however, under the supervision of a doctor.
Adult patients
How to take the drug for the treatment of adult patients with inhalation? The dosage of Berodual for children from the age of twelve and adult patients is also prescribed by the attending physician and depends on the degree of the disease. In the instructions for use, the manufacturer gives only general recommendations.
To stop a severe asthma attack, the patient is inhaled with four milliliters of the drug, but only under the supervision of a specialist. If the attack occurred in mild or moderate form, it is necessary to use one milliliter of “Berodual” (which equals ten drops). In a more complex case, 2.5 milliliters (fifty drops of the drug) should be used.
For long-term medication, inhalations are prescribed four times a day. To do this, use one or two milliliters of the product we are interested in (about twenty to forty drops).
In the process of ventilation of the lungs “Berodual”, as an adjuvant, is applied at 0.5 milliliters.
Pregnant and lactating mothers
Future mothers are prescribed the drug with great care, since it is able to reduce the activity of the uterus. According to patients' reviews, most often they were recommended by the attending physician for inhalation with Berodual starting from the second trimester.
The use of this drug is also undesirable for nursing mothers, since its active substances are able to penetrate into breast milk. Therefore, it is best for a woman to suspend lactation during treatment.
A few words about contraindications
We have already mentioned that the first trimester of pregnancy, as well as breastfeeding, are contraindications for the use of Berodual. Also, inhalation cannot be performed if the patient has such heart diseases as hypertrophic cardiopathy of the obstructive form and tachyarrhythmia. Also, one should not forget about the individual intolerance of the patient to any substances that make up the inhalation solution.
With extreme caution, it is necessary to prescribe a remedy for people suffering from diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, angle-closure glaucoma, cystic fibrosis, serious cardiac pathologies and so on. In the presence of such ailments in the history of therapy is carried out under the close supervision of hospital workers.
Oh, these side effects ...
Like all medicines, Berodual has an extensive list of unpleasant phenomena that may accompany its use. True, in most cases, the drug is well tolerated, and yet some patients observe negative changes in their well-being.
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Such cases are extremely rare, but it is important to have information in case you inadvertently increase the recommended dose of the drug. Unpleasant symptoms that indicate an overdose may be sensations such as tachycardia, chest pain, palpitations, increased (or, conversely, decreased) pressure, tremors, etc. In this case, you should definitely stop inhalation and consult a doctor. In severe cases, intensive therapy can be performed.
Interaction with other means
Is it possible to carry out joint treatment with Berodual and other pharmacological drugs? Of course, however, for this, some features of their interaction should be taken into account.
For example, beta-adrenergic agonists, xanthine derivatives, as well as anticholinergics enhance the bronchodilator effect of Berodual. Moreover, such a combination can provoke an increase in various side effects. The same applies to tricyclic antidepressants and MAO inhibitors.
On the other hand, beta-blockers reduce the effect of the drug of interest to us.
Diuretics, xanthine derivatives and digoxin are able to lower the concentration of potassium in the patient’s blood if taken together with Berodual.
Recommendations regarding storage. Price
It is recommended to preserve the drug at room temperature, not exceeding thirty degrees, in a place protected from sunlight and children. The shelf life of the drug is five years, starting from the date of manufacture. The prepared solution must be used immediately or disposed of. It should not be stored in the refrigerator or in any other place.
According to patients, the solution for inhalation is relatively inexpensive. Its price varies between 230-280 rubles.
Reviews of consumers and specialists
Doctors unanimously praise the drug, which is most effective in the complex treatment of the above diseases. What do patients say?
Mostly reviews about the drug are positive. Many patients admit that it contributes to a speedy recovery, improves well-being with bronchitis and pneumonia. Many consumers note that the form of the drug is very convenient - a bottle with a dropper, which helps to correctly measure the required dose. Also, many parents like that the drug is prescribed to babies from birth, which facilitates the treatment of such small patients.
On the other hand, many are unhappy that “Berodual” should be used only for inhalation, and for this it is necessary to additionally purchase a nebulizer. Also, people complain of side effects that they observed as a result of treatment with the drug.
The main analogues
The main analogues of the drug include metered-dose aerosol for inhalation “Berodual N”. This tool can be used when it is impossible to carry out the procedure using a nebulizer. The pharmacological compositions of these drugs are identical. However, aerosol is contraindicated for use in children under six years of age.
Another analogue of “Berodual” is the drug “Ipraterol Nativ”, produced as a metered-dose aerosol or solution for inhalation. It also includes ipratropium bromide monohydrate and phenoterol hydrobromide. Excipients are citric acid, sodium benzoate, lead for injection, etc.
There are other analogues of Berodual, which are similar to it in pharmacological effects, but differ from the composition of the medication that interests us. Only the attending physician can prescribe them.
So, in this material we examined the instructions for the use of such a medicinal product as “Berodual”. As you can see, the drug is an effective medication used both for the treatment of adults and for inhalation for children. From the instructions to “Berodual” we learned how to properly take this drug so that it brings a positive result.