What is the Medokalm drug? What does this remedy help with? Indications and features of the medication in question will be presented below. You will also learn how to treat this drug, how much it costs, and what its composition is.
Drug release form, packaging, description, composition
In what form does the drug “Midokalm" come to the pharmacy (what this medicine helps with, we will describe below)? This product is available in tablets, as well as in a solution intended for parenteral administration.
Round and white tablets "Midokalm", the price of which is indicated below, consist of tolperisone hydrochloride. As additional ingredients, the medication in question includes: anhydrous colloidal silicone, citric acid monohydrate, corn starch, stearin, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose 2910, talc, macrogol 6000, microcrystalline cellulose, dye, lactose monohydrate and titanium dioxide.
This product is available in blisters that are placed in paper boxes.
The clear solution "Midokalm" in ampoules also contains tolperisone hydrochloride and lidocaine. In addition, this medicine includes the following components: talc, citric acid monohydrate, lactose monohydrate, anhydrous colloidal silicone, macrogol 6000, microcrystalline cellulose, stearin, titanium dioxide, corn starch, black iron oxide, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose 2910 and red iron oxide iron oxide.
The drug "Midokalm" in ampoules is contained in plastic containers that are placed in cardboard boxes.
Basic properties
What is Midokalm? What helps this drug? According to the instructions, the agent in question relates to muscle relaxants of the aminoketone group, which has a central effect.
The effectiveness of this medication is associated with the regulation of part of the (caudal) reticular formation. The use of this medication contributes to the inhibition of increased reflex excitability of the spinal cord. It also affects the nerve endings (peripheral).
Drug features
The drug "Midokalm" (the compatibility of this drug with others is acceptable, but under special conditions) is an N-anticholinergic. Its active substance has a stabilizing effect on membranes in primary fibers (afferent), as well as motor neurons. This effect of the medication is due to its ability to affect the reflex work of the spinal synapses.
It should also be noted that this drug secondarily slows down the excretion of mediators. This happens due to inhibition of the process of calcium intake in the synaptic structures that are in the nerve fibers.
The effect of this agent on the reticulospinal path is especially pronounced when the processes of excitation are slowed down. The local anesthetic effect of the drug is also detected (due to the content of lidocaine in it).
Kinetics of the drug
The agent in question is well absorbed from the intestines. Its concentration (maximum) in the blood is reached 65 minutes after administration. The drug metabolism occurs in the kidneys and liver. Derivatives of tolperisone are excreted together with urine.
The repeated course of "Midokalm" does not have any effect on the functioning of the kidneys and liver, as well as on the process of blood formation.
This tool reduces experimentally caused rigidity and hypertonicity of muscle tissue. The medicinal properties of this medicine are actively used to reduce muscle rigidity and pathological hypertonicity, which are associated with extrapyramidal disorders.
It should also be noted that this drug contributes to the activity of a person (his movements). In addition, it does not affect the cerebral cortex in any way, fully preserving the patient's level of wakefulness.
According to the instructions, treatment with "Midokalm" causes mild antispasmodic and adrenergic blocking effects. Due to this, perfusion of tissues improves.
In the process of conducting lengthy clinical studies, this tool did not have a pronounced effect on hematopoiesis and kidney function.
The drug "Midokalm": what helps?
This tool is indicated for use in the following cases:
- In pediatric practice for the treatment of Little's disease (i.e., spastic paralysis). In addition, this drug is used for encephalopathy of a different origin with the effects of muscular dystonia.
- In conditions that are accompanied by pathological hypertonicity of striated muscle tissue that develops due to pathologies of (neurological) organic origin (for example, with multiple sclerosis, encephalomyelitis, myelopathy, residual effects of acute cerebrovascular accidents, lesions of the pyramidal pathways).
- In conditions that arose as a result of damage to the innervation of blood vessels (for example, with acrocyanosis, angioedema of dysbasia of an alternating nature)
- With muscle hypertonicity, muscle contracture that accompanies diseases of the organs of motion (for example, spondylosis, arthrosis of the elbow, knee and hip joints, spondylarthrosis, lumbar and cervical syndromes).
- With post-thrombotic disorders of venous blood flow and lymphodynamics.
- As reconstructive postoperative treatment in orthopedic and traumatological practice.
- With trophic ulcers formed on the lower extremities, angiopathy (including diabetic), obliterating angiosclerosis and thromboangiitis, as well as autoimmune diseases (with Raynaud's disease and systemic scleroderma).
Prohibitions to use
In what cases it is impossible to appoint tablets and injections of "Midokalm"? The use of this medication is contraindicated in:
- myasthenia gravis;
- hypersensitivity to tolperisone and a known allergy to lidocaine ;
- under the age of three months (in tablet form up to one year).
Mode of application
The use of this drug is prescribed by the doctor depending on the course of the disease, as well as the tolerance of the drug.
For adults, the medication is prescribed in an amount of 150-450 mg (daily dose) in three divided doses. The starting dosage of this medicine is 50 mg three times a day. With insufficient efficiency, it is increased.
For intramuscular injections, the drug is used in an amount of 200 mg per day (in two injections), and intravenous injection - 100 mg (once a day). In the second case, a very slow infusion of the drug is required.
For children older than three months (up to 6 years), the dosage of the medication in question is calculated according to the following scheme: 5-10 mg per kg of body weight (three times a day). For a child of 7-14 years old, it is recommended to use tablets in a daily dose of 2-4 mg per kg of body (three times a day).
The oral intake of "Midokalma" must be combined with a meal.
Side effects
Taking the drug with individual hypersensitivity can cause muscle weakness, dyspeptic symptoms (nausea, discomfort and vomiting), as well as headaches.
With rapid intravenous infusion of the solution, a decrease in blood pressure is possible.
With individual intolerance to the drug, allergic reactions develop. As a rule, with a decrease in the dose of the drug, side effects pass very quickly.
Drug Interactions
There is no information on the interaction that limits the use of the drug in question. However, it should be noted that tolperisone has an effect on the central nervous system. In this case, the drug does not cause drowsiness, so it can be combined with sleeping pills and sedatives, as well as medicines containing ethanol.
At the same time, "Midokalm" enhances the effect of niflumic acid. If necessary, the combination of such agents may require a reduction in the dose of the latter.
Peripheral muscle relaxants, drugs for general anesthesia and psychotropic drugs, as well as “Clonidine” enhance the effectiveness of tolperisone.
Cost and reviews
How much does Midokalm cost? The price of this tool is about 185 rubles.
Reviews of patients say that the medication in question is very effective, especially with joint diseases. In addition, this remedy helps well with impaired blood circulation in the brain, including those arising after a traumatic brain injury.
Among the negative reviews, we can distinguish those that say that the drug "Midokalm" is not a panacea. Most often, this medicine is used as a supportive treatment.