Any person at least once in his life has come across such a thing as dizziness. In this case, each describes this state in different ways. Someone feels that all objects around are starting to spin; someone feels that their balance is suddenly lost; and someone mentally goes flying. Most often, this phenomenon is also accompanied by nausea, weakness, vomiting and darkening in the eyes.
Sudden dizziness: causes
The main and most frequent cause of sudden dizziness is considered to be a sharp change in body position. This condition is controlled not only by the vestibular apparatus, but also by muscle receptors and visual analyzers. Additional effects, such as darkening in the eyes and weakness in the muscles, come from here. But do not forget that all the above “controllers” of our perception are subordinate to the main organ in our body - the brain.
There are so many types of dizziness, each of which has its own significant cause. However, the most common causes are considered central and peripheral. The first of them is a consequence of disorders and injuries of the brain, and the second occurs with violations of the vestibular apparatus.
Functional Causes of Dizziness
Many people are interested in the causes of sudden dizziness, since each of us at least once faced with such a situation.
Very often, even an absolutely healthy person can feel a state where everything around is spinning, and weakness appears in the body. The head can begin to spin after a long lying or sitting, as well as with sharp tilts of the head and turns. This condition will leave your body in a few seconds, but discomfort can still remain. In some people, it may begin to make noise in the ears, or darken in the eyes. Such effects are formed as a result of redistribution of blood through arteries and veins.
Causes of dizziness, not associated with a change in body position
There are also causes of sudden dizziness, completely unrelated to how exactly you change your body position. This may include:
- the intake of a small amount of nutrients and vitamins;
- constant lack of sleep and overwork;
- a sharp decrease in hemoglobin in the blood (most often this condition is observed in pregnant women, as well as in women during menstruation).
All of the above reasons for sudden dizziness are the result of a small amount of oxygen entering the brain. Thus, the human brain can not cope with the load, and therefore weakness appears in the body, the head begins to spin, the balance is lost, and the heart does not beat so fast.
In order to cope with such a problem, you need to properly build a daily routine. Go in for sports, walk more often in the fresh air, eat properly, and also have enough rest.
Try to consume large amounts of vitamins. You can drink active vitamin complexes.
Arterial pressure
Causes of sudden dizziness may be associated with changes in blood pressure. After all, this phenomenon affects the blood supply to the brain. Very often, other phenomena occur under reduced pressure:
- darkening in the eyes;
- general weakness and pallor of the skin ;
- there may be a feeling that the lungs lack air;
- very often the body begins to sweat excessively;
- minor hallucinations sometimes occur.
Elevated pressure is characterized by such signs:
- lack of coordination;
- severe pain in the temples;
- sensation that the face is burning;
- the head may hurt in the neck.
Of course, it is very difficult to treat diseases associated with jumps in blood pressure. Therefore, at the first sign, you need to urgently go to the hospital. However, if a change in blood pressure rarely bothers you, then with reduced pressure you can drink sweet tea, and with increased pressure, you can drink a sedative. In this case, to bring yourself back to normal, it is enough to simply lead a healthy lifestyle.
Problems with the vestibular apparatus
Sudden dizziness and nausea, the causes of which can be very diverse, are very often visited by people with diseases of the vestibular apparatus or ears.
Pay attention to diseases that cause sudden dizziness very often.
- Vestibular neuritis . This disease is characterized by inflammation of the vestibulocochlear nerve. The main symptom of such an ailment is sudden, but very frequent dizziness, which is not accompanied by hearing loss. Also, patients very often suffer from bouts of nausea and vomiting. Usually this disease goes away on its own. The only thing required is taking medications to help eliminate the sensations of nausea and dizziness.
- Otitis . The disease is characterized by inflammation of the middle ear. If we describe the causes of sudden severe dizziness, then ear diseases are not in the last place. The usual symptoms of this ailment are severe pain in the ear, discharge from it, increased body temperature, and also significant hearing impairment. In no case should you ignore this disease, otherwise there is a risk of hearing loss completely. Be sure to contact the otolaryngologist. Usually, otitis media can be easily treated with antibiotics.
- Meniere's disease affecting the inner ear. During its course, sudden weakness and dizziness may occur, the causes of which lie in severe inflammation of the ear. The usual symptoms of this disease are expressed in severe pain in the ears, as well as ringing and noise. At times, hearing can be significantly impaired. This disease is not treatable, but with the help of special medications prescribed by your doctor, you can minimize the manifestation of symptoms.
Other diseases associated with the vestibular apparatus and ears also lead to dizziness. This can also include damage to the eardrum and the inner part of the ear.
Sudden attacks of dizziness, the causes of which do not cause headache, weakness in the body, darkening in the eyes, are most often associated with diseases of the ears and vestibular apparatus. If you notice such symptoms quite often, then be sure to visit the otolaryngologist.
Injuries and diseases of the brain
There are many diseases of the brain that lead to sudden dizziness. Each of them is extremely dangerous and requires immediate treatment. Let's consider some of them.
- Epilepsy is a brain disease characterized by frequent loss of consciousness, seizures, as well as an accelerated or, conversely, slowed heartbeat. It is necessary to treat this disease with special drugs throughout the patient's life.
- Brain tumors . Lead to severe headache and dizziness. The main methods of treatment include chemotherapy and surgery.
- Migraine is a brain disease that is also accompanied by headaches and dizziness. To reduce pain, doctors recommend the use of special painkillers, as well as try to lead a more correct lifestyle.
Other causes of dizziness
Usually sudden dizziness for no reason does not cause concern. However, if your head is spinning more and more, and a person feels worse and worse, then this is an occasion to seriously think about your health and undergo a medical examination.
If you eat large amounts of fatty and fried foods, then you may begin to have cholesterol deposited on the walls of blood vessels. And this, in turn, leads to the fact that insufficient oxygen enters the brain. Hence the headaches, loss of balance, weakness and nausea.
Stroke is a very serious disease associated with a violation of the blood supply to the brain. It is characterized not only by dizziness, but also by loss of coordination, impaired speech function and breathing problems. This disease is very dangerous for human life, so doctors strongly recommend that you alternate sleep and rest regimen and eat properly.
Digestive system diseases can also be causes of dizziness. Dizziness and weakness can result from serious poisoning. It may also be due to metabolic disorders.
The main causes of dizziness in women
Sudden dizziness (the reasons for women are described in this article) in individuals of the weaker sex is often associated with age-related changes or may occur if there are pathologies in the body. In this case, dizziness is accompanied by a loss of coordination, nausea, as well as a feeling of intoxication without the use of alcoholic beverages. If this happens quite often, then a woman must consult a doctor.
Pregnancy
Pregnancy is considered one of the main causes of dizziness in women. This is due to a decrease in hemoglobin or blood glucose. Usually in the early stages of pregnancy, many women complain of frequent dizziness. However, this is considered absolutely normal.
If this condition continues at a later date, then you should be wary. This is especially true for women after forty years.
Dizziness during menopause
Sudden dizziness, loss of balance, the causes of which are associated with menopause, very often alarm women. However, this condition is considered absolutely normal. During this period, women are advised to spend more time in the fresh air, relax and eat properly. Applying the right hormonal drugs can quickly improve your condition.
How to provide first aid
If a person has sudden dizziness is not accompanied by other symptoms, such as nausea, darkening in the eyes and respiratory failure, it will be enough to put the victim on a horizontal surface, while supporting his back. You can use high pillows. Open your clothes, open the window for clean air. If a person seems very pale, then drink tea with sugar. If the condition persists for several minutes, urgently call an ambulance.