Headache in the eye area is familiar to most people. It is pressing, pulsating, paroxysmal, dull. Headaches in the eye area can be either permanent or episodic in nature, but in any case they cause pain to the person. Particularly difficult moments are experienced by those people who have a headache in the eye area associated with nausea, dizziness, difficulty breathing, photophobia, and fainting.
It is too difficult to find the cause of a headache on your own in the forehead and eyes; a qualified specialist will better cope with this task.
Causes
Through pain, the human body gives signals that something is wrong with health. Headache in this area, like any other, has a number of serious reasons. To recognize the cause of the headache in the eye area, it is necessary to take into account all the symptoms that accompany the pain. Often the pain appears due to fatigue, strong physical or nervous tension. For example, if a person was sitting at a computer for a long time. In this case, after prolonged rest, the pain quickly passes and does not pose a threat to health. Wearing improper lenses or glasses may very well cause headaches in the eye area. Prolonged, acute headaches with fever can cause meningitis.
Migraine
If the pain even after a good sleep and rest does not go away, it is worth considering other, much more serious and dangerous reasons. Such a cause of headache in the temples and eyes, like migraine, is worth talking about when the pain is concentrated on one part of the head or directly in the eye. Migraine begins gradually, with unpleasant sensations of pressure in the temples, eyes and forehead and can last from several hours to several days.
Aneurysm
Severe headaches in the eyes and forehead bother a person with aneurysm of the cerebral vessels. A small expansion of the vessel over time gradually grows to large sizes, and the vessel is filled with accumulating blood. The bulged segment of the vessel presses on the surrounding brain tissue and nearby nerves, at which time the person feels pain. Aneurysm poses a great threat to health and life, because due to a gap, it leads to hemorrhage. In addition to headache and eye pain with aneurysm, blurred vision, numbness and facial paralysis are observed.
Hypertension
Hypertension almost always makes itself felt as a headache in the nose and eyes. When the intracranial pressure is increased, a person is tormented by pain in the first half of the day, nausea occurs, a rapid heartbeat, pressure rises or falls. Pressure can increase inside the eye itself, while the removal of intraocular fluid is impaired, and a person develops glaucoma. It ultimately leads to complete loss of vision.
Injuries
If before the headache attack there was a head injury or just a strong blow, then, most likely, the pain is caused by a concussion. The likelihood of developing intracranial hematoma, so the concussion requires early hospitalization.
Stroke
An intense headache also occurs with a dangerous disease such as a stroke. But for this, its characteristic signs should appear in the form of paralysis, visual impairment, double vision, loss of coordination in space.
Eye diseases
Some eye diseases have this kind of pain, for example, astigmatism or conjunctivitis. Pain can occur due to inflammation of the choroid - uveitis, which is characterized by redness of the eyes, photosensitivity, blurred vision.
Tumor
A brain tumor localized in the eye area manifests itself as bursting pain. But this is not the only symptom of sarcoma, it is caused by the appearance of convulsions, vomiting, hallucinations, and visual impairment.
Infectious diseases
Infections and viruses, such as flu, sinusitis or sinusitis, are characterized by headaches in the eye area (left or right) and have concomitant symptoms. These include: fever, general malaise, chills. Inflammation in the sinuses transmit pain in the eye area and are accompanied by swelling of the nasal mucosa, nasal congestion and runny nose.
Encephalitis
Encephalitis is an inflammation of the brain that can also cause severe pain in the eye area. The clinical picture of encephalitis in the mild course includes impaired consciousness, fever, nausea, drowsiness, and sensitivity to light.
Neuralgia
With inflammation of the trigeminal nerve, the pain in the eye area is sharp and severe so that in some cases the patient has difficulty opening and closing his eyes. Trigeminal neuralgia torments patients with paroxysmal pain in the lower jaw, nose and eyes.
Medicines
The use of certain drugs leads to headaches in the eye area, the same applies to food that a person does not tolerate individually. When pain in the eye area bothers along with itching, burning, lacrimation, this may indicate an allergic reaction of the body to a certain substance.
Diagnostics
For headaches in the eye area, a correct diagnosis should be made as soon as possible and appropriate therapy should be started. As a rule, in cases of headache, the doctor prescribes magnetic resonance imaging. It helps to diagnose tumors, disorders in the cerebral circulation, to identify the effects of stroke and other ailments.
Electroencephalography provides information on the general condition of the patient's brain. X-ray examination is resorted to if there was an injury immediately before the unpleasant symptoms. Computed tomography will indicate the presence of hemorrhages, aneurysms, thrombosis, atherosclerosis, changes in the structure of tissues and blood vessels. Electromyography is sometimes required to study lesions in the neuromuscular system. In many cases, an ultrasound scan is performed to investigate the causes of headaches in the eye area.
Of the laboratory diagnostic methods, blood and cerebrospinal fluid tests are applicable. The composition of the cerebrospinal fluid - cerebrospinal fluid - undergoes significant changes at a time when the brain is affected by any disease. Based on a blood test, the doctor can determine exactly what is the causative agent of headache.
In many cases, you may need to consult an ophthalmologist, neurologist, otorhinolaryngologist.
Treatment
Only a doctor can prescribe the right treatment for a headache in the eye area (right or left) for each case, whether it is medication, manual or physiotherapy.
The most popular eye pain relievers: Aspirin, Ibuprofen, Nurofen, Piroxicam, Ketoprofen, Dexalgin, Indomethacin, Baralgin, Analgin. At high pressure, you can take "No-shpa", "Dibazol" or "Papaverine."
To relieve migraine pain in the eye area, it is better to take an analgesic containing ibuprofen, paracetamol or acetylsalicylic acid. Anti-emetic drugs block vomiting with success.
Meningitis should be treated only in a hospital, as it is difficult to tolerate by patients and requires constant monitoring of health status. Drug treatment is carried out in accordance with the type of the disease. The basis is antibacterial therapy.
If the cause of a headache in the eye area was a stroke, then treatment and the subsequent rehabilitation following it are carried out in the hospital, under constant supervision. Stroke implies the use of emergency measures to restore damaged areas of nerve tissue. For this, patients take medications that are part of the group of neuro-reparants.
In case of any damage and concussion, you need to visit the hospital as soon as possible in order to avoid dangerous consequences and swelling. A person with a concussion is shown bed rest, as well as a course of vascular and metabolic therapy using drugs - Nootropil, Stugeron, Cavinton.
From eye diseases, in particular uveitis, the use of immunosuppressive drugs, steroids, mydriatics helps. Uveitis of infectious etiology can be cured by taking antiviral and antimicrobial drugs. Allergic uveitis occurs after using antihistamines. Treatment is never complete without topical administration of eye drops or ointments.
Headaches caused by sinusitis in the eye area are successfully treated with antibiotics b-lactams (Amoxicillin, Sulbactam), macrolides (Clarithromycin, Azithromycin) and fluoroquinolones (Grepafloxacin, Moxifloxacin). The drugs of choice for the treatment of fungal sinusitis are Fluconazole and Amphotericin. Treating sinusitis at home includes nasal lavage and inhalation. Sinusitis, which served as a catalyst for headaches in the eye area, suggests an integrated approach to treatment. Treatment can be non-puncture, puncture and surgical.
Encephalitis is treated exclusively in a hospital setting. The treatment technique is assigned individually for each patient. Depending on the causes of encephalitis, medical products are selected. It can be antibiotics, antiviral drugs, glucocorticoids, decongestants, desensitizing drugs.
Therapy for trigeminal neuralgia consists of antihistamines, anticonvulsants, antispasmodics and vasodilators. Physiotherapeutic methods, such as electrophoresis of drugs or ion galvanization using amidopyrine or novocaine, help get rid of excruciating pain.
Preventative measures
In order not to miss the beginning of the development of a dangerous disease, it is worthwhile to undergo a preventive examination as often as possible at your doctor. Anxiety symptoms should not be ignored. And in order to prevent the occurrence of headaches in the eye area, it is recommended to take preventive measures. First of all, this includes a good rest and a healthy sleep, because the correct sleep regimen will protect the nervous system from various disorders. A person with a predisposition to headaches needs to be more often in the fresh air and try to exercise regularly. The diet should be built in a balanced manner, exclude harmful substances in any form and include a sufficient amount of water.
Conclusion
Several repeated episodes of a headache in the area of such a vulnerable organ as the eyes should be an occasion for a mandatory visit to a specialist. Drugs that relieve pain and cramping, as a method of temporary relief of the condition, can not be a substitute for a full examination and treatment. The right decision will be entrusted to specialists. This will protect your health from the likely negative, irreversible effects of a headache in the eye area.