Acne is perhaps the most unpleasant thing that can happen to a person. After all, they always appear completely at the wrong time and in the wrong place. And because of our impatience and rush, we are in a hurry to get rid of them sooner and quite often worsen the situation even more. Probably, everyone had such that a pimple appeared on his forehead or nose, and at the most inopportune moment. And what are the actions of man? Squeeze it out immediately. But instead of the desired clean skin, we get inflammation. In the article we will study the main types of acne and how to deal with them without consequences.
How do acne appear on the body or face?
Literally under each pore, which is located on the skin of a person, sebaceous glands are located. They moisturize our skin and also provide it with protection against various external irritants. But sometimes it happens that the production of sebum increases greatly, and as a result, the pores are clogged. It is time to be completely plugged or not. In the first case, we can observe the usual pimple on our skin. Because bacteria are in the so-called enclosed space, where their active reproduction occurs. Because of this, the inflammatory process begins, which initially manifests itself in the form of redness, and later pus forms there. So the pimple turned out. And in the second case, air still penetrates the pore, and blackheads or black dots appear at this point.
Most often, acne occurs in those places where the largest sebaceous glands of a person are located. It:
- Different areas of the face.
- Chest.
- Shoulders.
- Neck.
- Upper back.
Now there are even several classifications of acne species, which we will discuss in more detail below.
Two types of acne
To begin with, all our acne can be divided into only two groups:
- Inflammatory It is difficult not to notice them, since a red purulent pimple immediately catches your eye. If you touch or push it, a person will feel pain or discomfort.
- Without an inflammatory process. These pimples are quite difficult to notice, since they almost completely match the color of the skin and look like small tubercles. But you need to be careful with them, because you can bring an infection that will quickly begin to develop, and the inflammatory process will begin with all the possible consequences. Such acne is also called comedones, and they have their own classification.
Non-inflammatory acne
Comedones can occur due to the fact that ducts are clogged in the sebaceous glands. This occurs due to excessive sebum secretion or due to the presence of dead epithelial cells. So comedones:
- Open - look like a regular dot in brown or black. May occur in cases where pore blockage occurs on the upper side, i.e. closer to the skin surface. This is not too big a pimple, from one to two millimeters. Its formation begins with the appearance of a transparent mass under the skin, which darkens over time and eventually becomes completely black. No special action is needed to combat them. The main thing is to monitor the pimple so that the infection does not get into it, otherwise the inflammatory process will begin. Extrusion of black acne or other attempts to get rid of them can lead to infection.
- Closed ones are small tubercles on the skin that are white. In this case, the lower part of the pore is clogged. Closed comedones are slightly larger and can reach three millimeters in diameter. Sometimes it is simply impossible to notice them, and it is possible to detect them only by feeling. They are “based” exclusively on the face and bring almost no discomfort to a person. It would seem like harmless acne, but it is not. Because closed comedones often combine with nearby inflammatory acne. Together, they create a whole subcutaneous cavity, which over time is completely filled with pus. It is better not to attempt to get rid of such a pimple on your own, as there is a great risk of infection. It is better not to spare time and money and consult a professional cosmetologist.
Inflammatory acne
The following classification of acne in adults and adolescents also requires special attention. These include those within which the inflammatory process occurs:
- Papules - they appear from the fact that an infection gets into comedones. These are pink or red balls that lack a white head. They can be small, just one millimeter, and can reach the size of one centimeter. If the papule is the result of an open comedone, then inside it you can see the black center. Usually these acne go away without any consequences and do not leave scars. On the skin for only some time, a dark spot can persist.
- Pustules are purulent acne. In size, they are the same as the papules, but inside they have restrained pus, and also has a white head. Around such a pimple, the skin becomes very inflamed and reddens. Pustules are most often the result of papules, but they can also form by themselves. It is necessary to control the color of such inflammation. Since in the event that it begins to differ from white, this is a signal of the presence of a secondary infection. And this is a serious reason to consult a dermatologist. They are dangerous in that if you start to treat yourself or, even worse, squeeze such a pimple, there is a risk of the infection getting directly into the blood.
- Knots are also papules, but much deeper and larger in diameter. They can be bright red and even crimson. During touch, they hurt and after recovery, they leave marks in the form of age spots.
- Cysts are pus that lies beneath the skin. If several such acne are located close to each other, then they can merge together and form a whole chain. It is rather difficult to cure them, and traces after disappearance cannot be avoided.
Baby acne
The norm is the appearance of white comedones on the face in newborns. This is a normal result of the fact that the child leaves the womb, the hormonal effect changes. A few weeks after birth, they pass by themselves and do not leave any marks on children's skin. However, such pimples can occur in older children. Here there is already a reason to go to the appointment with a dermatologist.
Teenage acne
Teenage acne appears on the body of boys and girls during puberty. This is due to the fact that the work of the sebaceous glands is changing, especially among the fair sex. Usually this kind of acne on the body goes away on its own and leaves no residue. This occurs simultaneously with the completion of the so-called transitional age. In some cases, acne remains after twenty years. This is a signal for going to a specialist in this field.
Acne in adults
They can only bother about five percent of people who have already reached the age of twenty. There are several types of acne on the face and body of an adult:
- Late acne. These are the same teen acne that did not manage to disappear from the body in a timely manner. Most often they appear in the axillary sinuses and in the groin area.
- Bodybuilder Acne. These are small balls, inside of which there is pus. They often worry athletes, and arise due to the fact that they take various hormonal drugs or steroids.
- Exogenous acne. The appearance of these acne is affected by external factors. For example, skincare cosmetics or detergent were incorrectly selected. They can also act as a reaction to the sun's rays or to a too hot climate. Often occur during summer vacations.
- Acne from mechanical stress. Often people have a bad habit of rubbing the same place on the body, and pimples can occur there. And they also appear in people who are forced to wear bandages or plaster for a long time.
Additional classification
There are several other types of acne on the body that cannot be ignored.
Acne can occur against the background of stress, because at this moment the body secretes additional hormones. Thus, you can even console yourself a little about the fact that you are a loser if you have a pimple popped up before a graduation or date. This is just the excitement that affected your immunity and hormonal levels.
Hormonal acne is usually known to every woman during the menstrual cycle. But they can also be the result of various disorders in the field of endocrinology. Treatment for hormonal acne is only possible if you get rid of the underlying disease that caused them.
Acne can occur not only because of the contamination of the skin, but also because of its excessive purity. Since antibacterial agents dry it very much and make it vulnerable. Therefore, you need to know the measure in everything.
Pimple on the tongue
It would seem such a trifle, but in order to study the nature of this neoplasm, you need to write a separate article. In short, a pimple in the tongue is not a pimple. It’s just a sore that is the result of an infection. Most often it is herpes, candidiasis or stomatitis. Depending on the origin, treatment is also prescribed. To ignore such "pimples" is not recommended. It will be better if you consult a specialist.
Acne Treatment
The main rule - do not push yourself. After all, blood poisoning, the spread of acne can go, and serious scars remain, which are almost impossible to remove even using modern methods. Acne treatment takes place in several stages and only under the supervision of specialists.
First of all, a full check is carried out of what could affect their appearance. Pay attention to cosmetics, household chemicals, and medications that you take. After this, the face is cleaned from existing pimples. For this, various means are used, which are recommended by a dermatologist or cosmetologist. Also, a certain group of drugs is prescribed in order to reduce the release of subcutaneous fat. Keratinized skin areas and other types of cleaning should be carried out only with the use of special preparations, which are now equipped with any beauty parlor.
Prophylaxis
There is a small set of rules that will help avoid relapses and skin rashes:
- It is necessary to cleanse the skin in the morning and evening, picking up special products that are suitable specifically for your skin.
- Be sure to remove makeup before bedtime and do not trust this thing pillow.
- Wash yourself with neither hot nor icy water.
- It is necessary to periodically exfoliate keratinized skin cells. Now you can choose for yourself a scrub that will suit your skin type.
- During the summer holidays, do not neglect the means that protect the skin from the sun.
- Change bedding, towels and clothes in a timely manner.
Carrying out such a simple prophylaxis, you can avoid the appearance of all types of acne on the face and greatly simplify your life.