If you have polyps in your gut, take the treatment seriously. Although most often these formations are benign, however, doctors consider them harbingers of cancer. Especially if you have had cases of such a disease in your family. It is quite difficult to understand the presence of polyps, but if you carefully listen to the symptoms (bloating, chronic constipation, itching in the anus, sensation of a foreign body in the rectum), then an unpleasant disease can be suspected.
Polyp removal
After going to the doctor you will need to undergo an examination. Colonoscopy allows a specialist to examine the intestinal mucosa with an endoscope and detect growths on its internal walls. Polyps are formed from glandular epithelium and are held on a thin stalk. On the monitor screen, the doctor clearly sees how they protrude into the gaps of different parts of the intestine. There are polyps on wide bases, that is, without a leg.
If the polyps are small (up to 22 mm), then they are removed with a special coagulation loop during colonoscopy. The probe is inserted through the anus up to 1.5 meters into the intestines, a loop is put on the polyp through which a high-frequency current is passed. Removal is performed under general or local anesthesia without bleeding. If the polyp is wide, then it is cut in parts.
After the procedure, he must undergo a histological examination for cancer cells. But getting rid of the neoplasm is not so bad. The main thing is to organize the recovery period correctly so as not to cause complications, an inflammatory process in the intestine. To do this, you must strictly follow the rules of nutrition after removal of polyps in the intestine.
The need for a diet after surgery
After the excision of the polyp, the intestine needs rest. The load on the mucous membrane should be minimal. Food should not cause gas formation and excessive activity of peristalsis of the intestinal wall, should not irritate the mucous membrane chemically, mechanically or thermally. What does this mean?
The diet after removal of the polyp in the intestine should not contain acid, be salty, otherwise the walls will undergo sharp chemical reactions, which will lead to painful sensations and will negatively affect the place of cut of the polyp.
So that solid pieces of food do not press on the sore spot, the food should consist of grated products. Cold and hot dishes can irritate.
The diet after endoscopic removal of the intestinal polyp must be very strict, it consists of three stages. Let's consider each of them in more detail.
Zero diet
The first day after surgery, the patient should not eat anything at all. This is not at all difficult, since the state after general anesthesia is lethargic, there is general weakness, drowsiness, and may slightly nauseate. The patient will not have much desire to eat something.
But already on the second day you can drink water in the morning. After lunch, light non-fat broth is allowed. From the third day, the diet after removal of the polyp in the intestine becomes more balanced. Food is consumed in small portions up to 8 times a day, that is, every two hours a person must eat something. It can be the same weak meat broth, jelly made from fruits or berries, which must be filtered through a fine sieve so that not a single hard piece gets caught. Fruit jelly is allowed, but not sour, a rosehip broth with sugar is recommended. Food temperature should not exceed 45 degrees, but not lower than 20 °. At one time you need to eat no more than 200 or 300 grams.
The first few days are the most difficult. If the patient feels satisfactorily, then the doctor already prescribes diet table No. 2.
Gentle dishes
Adhere to such a diet after the removal of polyps in the large intestine within 8-10 days. The food still remains unbalanced, however it is already allowed to eat boiled porridge - buckwheat, rice or oatmeal. After boiling the cereals you need to grind on a blender. You can eat one egg a day. This is either boiled soft-boiled or steam omelet.
Low-fat meat or fish dishes are allowed. Boiled chicken or rabbit, you can steam meat patties, but not too salty and without spices. Nutrition continues fractional, but already 6 times a day. Do not eat raw vegetables or fruits. Everything is steamed or boiled. You can’t milk and bread, including crackers.
Vegetable soups are also ground before use. You can cook them with the listed cereals and add ground boiled meat. It turns out more satisfying. Nutrition gradually becomes balanced.
What can I use in a month
The diet after removal of polyps in the intestine by colonoscopy lasts up to several months. If more than 4 weeks have passed after the operation, then the allowed food becomes more diverse. The following products are added:
- Mashed potatoes.
- Boiled buckwheat, rice and semolina porridge.
- Sour milk or kefir, you can yogurt.
- Boiled meat from chicken, turkey, rabbit.
- Low-fat fish - boiled hake or notothenia, river pike perch. You can make meatballs or steam meatballs.
- Broths are allowed only weak, from lean meat, for example, from chicken fillet.
- Eggs can only be eaten in semi-liquid form - steam omelet, boiled in a bag, soft-boiled.
- Sour jelly.
- Jelly from fruit juices (non-sour and non-store).
- Rosehip drink.
- Crackers made of white stale bread.
- It is allowed to add a little vegetable or butter to cereals and vegetable soups.
Follow such a strict diet after removal of the polyp in the intestine is necessary up to 4 months.
Categorically not
Forbidden:
- Use juices in packages.
- Eat fatty meat or fish.
- Use hot and spicy seasonings, sauces, ketchups, mayonnaise.
- Eat canned food, even if it is home preservation.
- There are fried foods. They will have to be abandoned for a long time.
- Eat marinades, because they will also irritate the intestinal walls.
If you are a sweet tooth, then you will have to adhere to strict dietary rules after removing the polyp in the intestines, namely, refuse yeast rolls, sweets with a fatty butter cream, with cinnamon or nuts. You can’t also eat fresh bread. Only yesterday can be eaten.
Such bad habits as smoking and drinking strong drinks have a harmful effect on the condition of the mucous membrane. Alcohol is contraindicated in general.
What foods cause flatulence
The diet menu after removal of the polyp in the intestine should not include foods that lead to excessive gas formation. They need to be excluded from the diet. These are all citrus fruits, fresh fruits and berries, as well as greens. All must be boiled before use. Fatty milk, coffee and soda should in no case be drunk after surgery and to prevent the further formation of intestinal polyps.
Strongly legume bean - peas, beans, lentils and soy products. For vegetables, discard root crops - radishes, radishes, as well as white cabbage and zucchini, eggplant, tomatoes and fresh cucumbers. Nutrition after removal of the cancer polyp in the intestine should be sparing until the end of life, so as not to provoke the occurrence of neoplasms again.
Sample menu for the day
In the morning - a small portion of oatmeal with milk, a baked apple with jam, green tea.
Lunch - jelly from boiled berries, dry biscuit cookies.
Lunch - vegetable soup with meatballs from chicken meat, crackers or dried yesterday's bread.
Snack - steam omelet, tea, pudding.
Dinner - low-fat hake for a couple, boiled buckwheat, kefir.
Disease prevention
The causes of the appearance of polyps on the walls of the intestinal mucosa are not fully understood. It is known that heredity is of great importance. If your close relatives have such a problem, then you need to take the necessary preventive measures, such as an active lifestyle and a balanced diet. Protect your body from the negative effects of alcohol and smoking, avoid spicy and acidic foods. Physical activity does not allow stagnation of blood, improves blood flow, which prevents polyps from forming on the walls of the intestines.
Surgical removal is the only treatment for intestinal polyps. And the most important way to restore its correct activity is a diet, moreover, a long and strict one. Treat your health carefully, only following all the doctor's recommendations will help you return to normal life.
The article describes in detail the diet that must be observed by people who have undergone the removal of polyps by colonoscopy. Now you know which products are allowed and which are strictly prohibited. Take care of your health!