Catarrhal phenomena are various symptomatic signs that occur mainly in viral or colds. The main sign of catarrh is edema, inflammation and hyperemia of the mucous membranes. Most often, such processes occur with influenza, colds, acute respiratory diseases. The causative agents of Qatar are bacteria and adenoviruses. Once in the body, they cause many diseases.
How do catarrhal processes occur in the upper respiratory tract?
Signs of catarrhal phenomena of the upper respiratory tract are characterized by inflammation of the mucous membrane of the bronchi, as a result of which sputum begins to accumulate in large quantities, cough and runny nose appear. It affects not only a certain area, but also those located next to it, since the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract is a single whole.
The catarrh of the upper respiratory tract, depending on the place of infection, are as follows:
- rhinitis;
- tonsillitis;
- laryngitis;
- sinusitis (frontal sinusitis, sinusitis);
- pharyngitis.
Why do catarrhal diseases arise?
People of any age are exposed to catarrhal phenomena, but most often pathological processes develop in elderly people due to low immunity.
Catarrhal processes can occur if a personโs work is associated with harmful substances. Chemical elements negatively affect the respiratory tract, which leads to catarrhal changes. Qatar can also occur due to hypothermia, in wet weather, with sudden changes in temperature.
In addition, the predisposition to diseases plays an important role. The anatomical features of the structure of the human body, the abuse of alcohol or tobacco products, poor environmental conditions, acute or chronic diseases, low immunity can provoke the appearance of the disease.
Symptoms of Qatar
The general symptoms of all catarrhal processes are almost identical. These include:
- labored breathing;
- temperature rise;
- lack of appetite;
- body aches, general malaise;
- feeling of dry mouth;
- headache;
- dry cough.
Can catarrhal phenomena occur without temperature? This is quite possible and this happens if the disease proceeds in a mild form, the patient's immunity is reduced, and also with some viral diseases (for example, with rhinovirus infection).
How are catarrhal processes diagnosed?
Catarrhal phenomena accompany a large number of diseases. During a visit to the doctor, he needs to provide a complete medical history, describe its symptoms. For treatment to be successful, it is important to identify the causative agent of the disease. Be sure to donate blood and other body fluids for analysis, which will identify viruses, bacteria and other microorganisms, because of which the disease developed. If the disease is allergic, then a series of tests and tests are performed to determine the irritating agent.
In the presence of catarrhal phenomena, the doctor, in the first place, will suspect ARI, SARS or the flu. If the results were obtained and the correct diagnosis was established, the patient is prescribed the appropriate treatment. With the unclear nature of the disease, adequate treatment is possible only after the establishment of the correct diagnosis.
In some cases, in order to establish the exact cause of the chronic course of catarrhal phenomena, one studies the relationship with the living conditions of the patient. A long-lasting runny nose, constant lacrimation and coughing can occur when living in damp and poorly ventilated rooms for many years, as a result of which fungus begins to multiply intensively on the walls, the spores of which settle on the human mucous membrane.
Catarrhal events with influenza
Catarrhal processes with influenza can occur both at the very beginning of the disease, and after a day or more. The patient begins to throat, pain occurs when swallowing, the mucous membrane of the nose swells, a runny nose, cough, sometimes with sputum production, the voice becomes hoarse. A runny nose at the onset of the disease is accompanied by serous-mucous secretions, and subsequently it becomes thick mucopurulent. Sometimes nosebleeds occur. Tonsils, soft palate, tongue, arches, posterior pharyngeal wall swell and often acquire a cyanotic hue. The phenomena of laryngitis, tracheobronchitis, laryngotracheitis, bronchitis may occur.
Accompanied disease of chills is not always very pronounced. At first it is quite small, and sometimes completely absent. Dizziness occurs almost immediately and may even be in a supine position.
Treatment of catarrhal diseases
Since catarrhal phenomena are just symptoms of the disease, therefore, first of all, it is necessary to treat the underlying disease with the help of medications and procedures prescribed by a doctor.
With infections, drink plenty of water, in more severe cases - infusion therapy, antifungal and antiviral drugs, antibiotics or sulfonamides. It is recommended to rinse the nasal passages with nasal sprays with sea water, and instill vasoconstrictor drops. The throat is irrigated with special solutions, anti-inflammatory drops are instilled into the eyes.
The doctor can prescribe sputum-thinning drugs, anti-cough drugs, as well as physiotherapy: inhalation, electrophoresis, UHF, heating, ultrasound. If the catarrhal phenomena are allergic, antihistamines are prescribed.
Output
Thus, if you experience symptoms of catarrh, you need to see a doctor as soon as possible to treat the underlying disease. It is better not to engage in self-medication so that serious complications do not arise. To avoid diseases of the upper respiratory tract, preventive measures should be taken, because it is much easier to prevent the disease than to treat it later.