Iron deficiency anemia is one of the common pathologies among children and adults. The disease can develop against a variety of reasons. It is impossible to ignore characteristic symptoms. Coping with the pathological condition will help preparations containing iron, and proper nutrition. Consider the most effective drugs that should be used for anemia.
The role of iron in the body
Every day, the human body requires certain substances and trace elements to function properly. They are responsible for the functionality of all organs and systems, participate in metabolic processes. Most of these substances enter the body with food.
Iron performs a number of critical functions. The main one is the saturation of all cells with oxygen using red blood cells. Also, the element is necessary for the production of thyroid hormones, maintaining immunity and transmission of nerve impulses.
Once in the blood, iron is involved in the formation of hemoglobin - a protein necessary for oxygen transportation. With its low level and a reduced number of red blood cells, they speak of the development of iron deficiency anemia. Symptoms will depend on the degree of development of the pathology. To normalize the condition and eliminate the deficiency of the element, it is necessary to take preparations containing iron.
When are iron supplements needed?
It is quite difficult to cope with anemia without special medicines . Most doctors recommend complex therapy to eliminate the ailment. Iron preparations cannot be dispensed with when symptoms such as pallor of the skin, dizziness, shortness of breath, frequent headaches, insomnia, decreased performance, and a constant feeling of fatigue appear.
With a moderate severity of the disease, in addition to the listed symptoms, there is dryness of the mucous membranes, a change in taste, a sensation of a lump in the throat when swallowing. A drop in hemoglobin leads to extremely negative consequences for the body. Cells stop receiving the necessary amount of oxygen, which can lead to cardiovascular disorders and metabolic problems.
Effective drugs
For the prevention and treatment of anemia caused by iron deficiency, special medications should be taken. Currently, a huge number of medicines are produced, which contain iron. The element is presented in bivalent and trivalent form. In the first case, ascorbic acid should be included in the composition of the drug, which promotes the assimilation of ferrum from the gastrointestinal tract. Iron in the trivalent form has less bioavailability. Amino acids are necessary for its assimilation.
It should be borne in mind that preparations containing iron and intended for oral use are absorbed in the body much better than those that must be injected. A pronounced therapeutic effect will have an agent that contains from 80 to 160 mg of Fe.
The following antianemic drugs are considered the most effective:
- Gino-Tardiferon.
- "Hemofer."
- "Sorbifer Durules."
- "Ferrocerone."
- Kaferid tablets.
- "Ferroplex".
Hemopoiesis stimulants for anemia can also be prescribed by a doctor. With a low hemoglobin content in the blood, it is effective to use the Hemostimulin agent. The instruction recommends taking hematopoietic tablets to activate the formation of red blood cells. Other medicines have a similar therapeutic effect: Ferrocal, Ferbitol, Fitoferraktol.
The drug "Hemofer"
Gemofer antianemic agent contains iron chloride and is produced in the form of drops. The liquid has a yellow-green color and a characteristic odor. In 1 ml of the drug, a total of 157 mg of tetrahydrous ferric chloride, including divalent 44 mg, is contained. The medicine is released in dropper bottles of 10 and 30 ml.
Indications for use, according to the instructions, are severe iron deficiency anemia and prevention of this condition. The drug "Hemofer", the price of which is about 140 rubles, can be prescribed during pregnancy and lactation.
Instructions for use
Drops are taken orally 1-2 times a day. Dosage depends on the age of the patient and the severity of the anemic syndrome. Premature babies are recommended to give 1-2 drops of funds per kilogram of weight. Babies of the first year of life are shown the use of 10-20 drops of "Hemofer" per day. For the treatment of anemia in children from 1 to 12 years old, it is necessary to give 30 drops of the drug 2 times a day. If prevention of pathology is necessary, the frequency of administration is reduced to one time.
In adolescence, anemia occurs in many children. To eliminate the symptoms of the disease, you should take 30 drops of the drug at least twice a day. For adult patients, the dosage should be 55 drops.
The maximum dose for adults in the treatment of iron deficiency anemia should not exceed 200 mg, and for children - 3 mg per kilogram of body weight. In order to prevent, the manufacturer recommended dose is reduced by 2-3 times.
It is possible to normalize the hemoglobin level with the help of the “Hemofer” preparation after 2-3 months of treatment.
Before starting treatment with a drug, you need to familiarize yourself with the features of the drug. "Hemofer" is not prescribed for patients who have serious disorders in the process of digestion and absorption from the digestive tract. Contraindications also include pathological conditions (anemia) that are not associated with iron deficiency or an excess of this element in the body.
With caution, the drug should be taken by patients with diabetes mellitus. As an auxiliary component in the composition of "Hemofer" there is glucose. Drops are recommended to drink through a tube to avoid darkening of tooth enamel.
After normalizing the hemoglobin level for another 4-6 weeks, it is necessary to take the Hemofer drug. The price of analogues of the drug based on ferrous iron will depend on the manufacturer and the form of release of the drug. Only the attending physician selects substitutes, taking into account the characteristics of the patient's body and age category.
The drug "Ferroplex"
Dragee contains iron sulfate (50 mg) and ascorbic acid (30 mg). This antianemic agent belongs to the stimulators of hematopoiesis and is able to make up for the lack of iron in the body. The absorption of an element, especially with various disorders in the digestive system, is facilitated by ascorbic acid.
Contraindications include hypersensitivity to constituent components, bleeding, aplastic anemia, gastric resection, children under 4 years of age. With caution, the drug is prescribed to persons with a duodenal ulcer or stomach.
Take dragee "Ferroplex" 2 hours before a meal or an hour after a meal. Dosage depends on the severity of anemia. The minimum dose is 150 mg, the maximum is 300 mg per day.
Features of the treatment of children and pregnant women
The drug can be prescribed for the treatment of children from 4 years. According to the instructions, Ferroplex is given to children 1 tablet three times a day. Dosage may be increased only after consultation with a doctor. To reduce the risk of side effects, a specialist can choose an individual regimen for taking an iron-containing medication.
For the prevention of iron deficiency anemia in women in position, it is recommended to take 1 tablet of “Ferroplex” per day.
Side effects
Doctors warn that with the right dosage, the iron preparation does not cause side effects and is well tolerated by the body. In the case of self-medication and exceeding the required dose, a number of negative consequences may develop. These include digestive disorders, abdominal pain, in addition, the color of feces changes, nausea, vomiting appears (sometimes even with streaks of blood).
In the most severe cases, loss of consciousness, the development of jaundice, convulsions, shock, drowsiness are recorded. In the absence of adequate therapy, the patient may fall into a coma. Also, this condition is fatal.
According to reviews, the drug is quite effective and efficient. If you take Ferroplex as directed by a specialist and adhere to the recommended treatment regimen, the drug will not cause adverse reactions.
Hemopoiesis stimulants
In case of anemia caused by deviations in hematopoiesis, medications should be taken that can normalize this process. Iron preparations are preferably used orally. The stimulator of hematopoiesis, necessary to eliminate the pathological condition, is ferrous gland lactate.
The drug contains divalent iron. It is taken orally 3-5 times a day for 1 g. Additionally, ascorbic acid must be taken. Like other iron preparations, the drug can cause side effects if the treatment recommendations are not followed.
The group of drugs that stimulate hematopoiesis also includes Fitoferrolactolol tablets. They are recommended for patients with problems with the nervous system in combination with anemia. The drug is taken on a tablet three times a day. Exceeding the indicated dosage is not recommended.
Ferrocal tablets are a combined antianemic agent. They take medicine based on ferrous iron sulfate for hypochromic anemia, asthenia, a general breakdown. Any medication is prescribed only by a specialist.
The drug "Ferrocerone"
The stimulator of the hematopoiesis process based on the sodium salt of ortho-carboxybenzoylferrocene is the Ferroceron drug. The instruction recommends taking it in combination with other medicines of a similar therapeutic effect to make up for the lack of iron in the body and the prevention of anemic conditions.
The active components of the drug are rapidly absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract. The manufacturer recommends taking the drug at 0.3 g at least three times a day. The duration of treatment is at least 1 month.
Contraindications to the appointment of "Ferrocerone" are the following pathologies:
- hemolytic anemia (caused by increased breakdown of red blood cells);
- hemochromatosis (a violation in the exchange of iron-containing pigments);
- chronic hemolysis;
- lead anemia;
- chronic gastritis, ulcer;
- enteritis.
In the early days of taking the pills, nausea and vomiting may occur. Side effects also include red staining of urine, which is caused by partial elimination of the drug through the kidneys. During the period of drug therapy, it is forbidden to take hydrochloric and ascorbic acid.
Ferbitol: instructions for use
With hypochromic anemia, hematopoietic stimulants should be included in the composition of therapy without fail. Such drugs stimulate the synthesis of hemoglobin and activate the formation of red blood cells. They are prescribed for various types of iron deficiency anemia. In this group of medicines is Ferbitol.
The drug is available in the form of an injection solution of a dark brown color, which contains an iron-sorbitol complex. Indications for the use of the iron preparation are the conditions of iron deficiency anemia caused by gastrogenic, posthemorrhagic causes. Effectively, the remedy will be for anemia that is not associated with diseases of the organs of the gastrointestinal tract.
The drug is administered intramuscularly in 2 ml every day. For children, the dosage is reduced to 0.5-1 ml per day. The full course of treatment with the drug should be 15-30 injections. In order to prevent anemia, it is recommended to introduce 2 ml of the drug several times a month.
Gino-Tardiferon
Sustained-release tablets contain iron sulfate and folic acid. According to reviews, this is one of the most effective drugs for the treatment of iron deficiency anemia in patients of various age categories. High therapeutic efficacy is achieved thanks to mucoprotease as part of the drug. The substance enhances the bioavailability of the element.
Absorption of the components of the drug in the small intestine occurs gradually. This is possible thanks to the neutral membrane, which protects the gastric mucosa from irritation and minimizes the possibility of side effects from the digestive tract: flatulence, abdominal pain, nausea, and stool disorders.
How to use?
The instruction recommends taking medications containing iron before meals. Drink the tablets with plenty of clean water. They are not chewed or shared. When taking Gyno-Tardiferon for the treatment of anemia, you should drink 2 tablets at a time. If it is necessary to prevent a pathological condition, the dose is halved, that is, up to 1 tablet per day.
The duration of the course of therapy is calculated individually. Often, to normalize the level of hemoglobin and the disappearance of symptoms of anemia, the drug is recommended to be taken for two to three months. Pregnant women can take the medicine to reduce the risk of fetal hypoxia.
An overdose of the drug is fraught with serious consequences: a decrease in blood pressure, convulsive syndrome, drowsiness, necrosis of the gastrointestinal mucous membranes, and shock.
Aloe (syrup) with iron
A syrupy liquid containing aloe vera juice, ferrous chloride, citric acid and hydrochloric acid is prescribed to eliminate anemia caused by iron deficiency. Aloe with iron refers to a means of stimulating blood formation. The drug will be effective in case of intoxication of the body, radiation sickness, anemia and asthenic syndrome.
The agent must be diluted in 50 ml of clean water before administration. You can take no more than 1 teaspoon of syrup at a time. Per day, it is indicated to take the drug at least 3 times. It should be remembered that aloe has its contraindications, which should be considered.