Non-ulcer colitis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the large intestine, which is accompanied by a dystrophic, and in an extremely severe case, atrophic change in the mucosa, which in turn leads to impaired digestive function. With this ailment, the colon is affected in people (then they talk about total colitis) or in separate sections (in this case, left-sided and right-sided colitis along with transversitis and proctosigmoiditis).
Non-ulcer colitis of the intestine can develop due to all the same reasons as any other colitis. Next, we will talk in detail about this intestinal pathology, find out what factors provoke it most often, and find out how it manifests itself. In addition, we will get acquainted with the treatment method and diet, which must be observed with this disease.
The code for this pathology according to ICD-10
What is the ICD 10 code for non-ulcer colitis? This pathology is assigned a code range from K50 to K52. The disease in question refers to non-infectious enteritis and colitis.
The main reasons for the development of this unpleasant disease
The causes of non-ulcer colitis are acute intestinal diseases transferred in the past in the form of dysentery, salmonellosis, food poisoning, typhoid fever, yersiniosis and others. Of particular importance is the transferred dysentery and yersiniosis, which are capable of becoming chronic. According to scientists, the diagnosis of non-ulcer colitis is provoked by acute dysentery. Subsequently, in the absence of bacteriocarrier, the development of this pathology is based on various other pathogenetic and etiological factors, in particular dysbiosis along with sensitization to augomicroflora and so on. Next, we find out what symptoms accompany this pathology.
Symptoms of this pathology
Patients suffering from non-ulcer colitis usually complain of abdominal pain, which occurs, as a rule, in the lower abdomen, and sometimes in the lateral regions or around the navel. The pain can become aching, bursting, dull or paroxysmal. A distinctive feature of pain in pathology is that they quickly pass after the use of heat in the abdomen or the use of certain antispasmodics, as well as after the exhaust of gases and bowel movements. Rough vegetable fiber in the form of apples, cucumbers and cabbage along with fatty, fried foods, milk, alcoholic and carbonated drinks contributes to increased pain. Abdominal pain can be accompanied by transfusion in the abdomen and rumbling, urge to defecate and bloating.
Almost all people with non-ulcer colitis have bowel symptoms. The stool is possible liquid and unformed or mushy, with impurities of mucus. Some patients often develop a syndrome of mild bowel movement. At the same time, several times a day during the act of defecation, a small amount of gruel and liquid stool can be released, often with an admixture of decorated pieces and mucus. After defecation, such patients have a feeling of incomplete intestinal emptying.
Against the background of the defeat of the large intestine, tenesmus occurs with frequent urges to defecate, but, as a rule, only a small amount of feces, a little gas or mucus is secreted. In the presence of chronic non-ulcer colitis, profuse diarrhea almost does not occur, they occur only with a parasitic form of the disease.
In some patients, the disease can be accompanied by short-term constipation. At the same time, constipation is replaced by diarrhea, against the background of which the feces become foamy, liquid and fetid. In addition, dyspeptic, and at the same time, asthenoneurotic syndrome may develop. Against the background of an exacerbation of the disease, as well as due to the addition of pericolitis with mesadenitis, an increase in temperature to subfebrile values is possible.
The results of studies of patients and manifestations of pathology
The tongue in patients during the examination is very wet, it is usually coated with a gray or white coating. During palpation, tenderness with a thickening of the large intestine or some of its departments can be determined. In the iliac and lumbar regions, areas of cutaneous hyperesthesia can be detected.
In the event that a non-specific form of mesadenitis joins, the pain is localized not just in the intestine, but also around the navel, in the region of mesenteric lymph nodes, and so on. Against the background of involvement in the inflammatory processes of the solar plexus during palpation of the abdomen, you can come across a sharp pain in the epigastric region and along the white line. Symptoms and treatment of non-ulcer colitis of the intestine are interconnected.
Additional clinical symptoms of the disease
The main symptoms of this disease are the following manifestations:
- On the right side of the abdomen, especially in the iliac region, there is pain that radiates to the groin, and also to the leg and lower back.
- Disturbance of the stool is characteristic, especially diarrhea.
- During palpation of the cecum determine its spasm with pain.
- In the event that peritiflitis develops, the degree of mobility of the cecum is limited.
In case of inflammation of the transverse intestine, the following symptoms of non-ulcer colitis are observed:
- The appearance of pain, bloating and rumbling of the abdomen, which is localized mainly in the middle abdominal region. Against this background, pain occurs shortly after eating.
- After eating, expressed urge to defecate may occur.
- There is a violation of the stool in the form of constipation and diarrhea, which alternate with each other.
- During deep palpation of the areas of the large intestine, pain is determined along with the expansion of the colon of the transverse intestine.
Symptoms of non-ulcer colitis of the intestine with an isolated lesion of the colon transverse intestine include:
- Severe pain in the left hypochondrium, which gives back and to the left side of the chest.
- Sometimes there are reflex pain in the heart.
- Diarrhea with constipation may alternate.
- Abdominal pains may intensify with physical exertion, long walking. Pain can be given to the perineum or groin.
- The presence of a feeling of fullness and pressure can occur in the iliac region.
- During palpation, spastic contraction is determined along with soreness of the sigmoid colon.
The symptoms of sigmoid colon inflammation in non-ulcer colitis include the following manifestations:
- When defecating in the anus, pain can occur.
- Tenesmus is typical along with gas discharge, mucus and blood secretion.
- After defecation, a feeling of incomplete intestinal emptying may occur.
- In the anal area, itching often occurs.
- Often there is a stool of the type of sheep with impurities of mucus or blood.
- During a digital examination of the rectum , spasms of the sphincter are determined.
Treatment of non-ulcer colitis of the intestine should be comprehensive and timely.
The pathogenesis of colitis of this type
The main pathogenetic factors of such colitis are the following reasons:
- Damage to the mucous membrane of the colon under the influence of etiological factors. This is primarily related to the influence of infections, medicinal components, toxic and allergic factors.
- Another factor is the malfunction of the immune system, in particular, a decrease in the protective functions of gastrointestinal immunity. The lymphoid tissue of the digestive system performs the functions of specific protection against various pathogenic microorganisms.
- In addition, with chronic enteritis and colitis, the production of immunoglobulins and lysozyme decreases with the intestinal walls, which leads to the development of a chronic form of colitis.
Possible complications of pathology
Ignoring the need for therapy of non-ulcer colitis can result in the following consequences for a person:
- The appearance of sprains of the large intestine.
- The development of stenosis and narrowing of the rectum or large intestine.
- The appearance of fistulas, fissures, and other perianal complications.
- The appearance of internal bleeding.
- The development of acute toxic dilatation of the colon.
- The appearance of cancerous tumors.
The main tools for diagnosing the disease
The development of the disease in question is revealed on the basis of the results of the following studies:
- Conducting laboratory tests.
- Performing microbiological studies.
- Conducting a digital examination of the rectum.
- Perform ultrasound examination of the abdominal region.
- Implementation of endoscopic diagnostic techniques in the form of sigmoidoscopy, fibrocolonoscopy, colonoscopy, and so on.
- X-ray examination.
- Performing a histological examination.
For the most accurate diagnosis and the correct preparation of the treatment regimen, additional consultation of such related specialists as an endocrinologist, gynecologist, dermatologist, rheumatologist and psychologist may be required. The treatment of non-ulcer colitis will be discussed below.
Feces
As part of the diagnosis of this disease, the feces of the patient are first examined. Specialists diagnose the following coprological syndromes based on fecal analysis:
- With increased intestinal motility, as a rule, the total amount of feces increases. Defecation noted liquid, light brown. In feces, there is a lot of digested fiber along with intracellular starch and iodophilic flora.
- Against the background of slowing down the motility of the colon, the amount of feces decreases. There is sheep feces, with a putrefactive odor.
- With increased motility of the small intestine, the amount of feces can also increase. Defecation is observed liquid and greenish in color, while the feces contain a lot of undigested fibers, starch and fiber.
- Fermentative dyspepsia syndrome may occur, in which the total amount of feces increases, it becomes foamy and yellow. In addition, the content of starch and organic acids increases.
- In case of putrefactive dyspepsia syndrome, defecation is most often liquid, dark or brown in color with a putrefactive odor and a sharply increased amount of protein and ammonia.
- With exacerbation of colitis, a sample for soluble protein will be positive. In addition, during the diagnosis, an increased number of leukocytes and epithelial cells in the feces will be noted.
- Against the background of the ileocecal syndrome, feces are usually unformed, golden yellow with a pungent and sour smell. In such feces, undigested fiber may be contained in large quantities.
- Against the background of colidist syndrome, the patient’s feces are not formed, and a lot of mucus lies on its surface, and besides, white blood cells with epithelial cells can be detected in a very large amount.
During a bacterial examination of feces, signs of dysbiosis are determined along with a decrease in the number of bifidobacteria and an increase in the total number of hemolytic and lactose-negative Escherichia, moreover, a protea along with pathogenic staphylococcus and hemolytic streptococcus can be noted. During an endoscopic examination of the colon, inflammatory changes in the mucous membranes in combination with erosion and atrophy are detected.
Therapy of chronic non-ulcer colitis
First of all, it is necessary to eliminate the causes that caused the development of this disease. First of all, it is necessary, if possible, to completely cure the accompanying pathologies of the digestive organs, adhering to a balanced, nutritious diet.
In order to restore a healthy intestinal flora, antibacterial drugs are prescribed at the beginning of the treatment of chronic non-ulcer colitis, taking into account the sensitivity of infectious pathogens, and only then the normal intestinal flora is reimplanted.
Herbal medicine is widely used. During the treatment of symptoms of non-ulcer colitis, adults are prescribed collections of medicinal berries and herbs that contain St. John's wort, shepherd’s bag, yarrow, blackcurrant berries, and chamomile.
Diet for this pathology
Nutrition for this bowel disease often implies a diet that helps to provide the following therapeutic effect:
- Reducing the load on the intestinal mucosa along with the activation of recovery processes. At the same time, heavy foods that are poorly digested are excluded from the daily diet of patients. Excluded are those products that provoke the development of fermentation and decay. This leads to lower loads, the mucosa gradually begins to recover after the harmful effects of inflammatory processes.
- Reduction of anxiety symptoms and inflammatory processes. Products that give antiseptic, bactericidal and soothing effects are introduced into the diet.
With a strict diet, the patient is fully provided with good nutrition in case of digestive disorders. As part of a limited diet, the daily diet is enriched with vitamins, minerals and all the nutrients involved in the metabolic process and help accelerate the restoration of intestinal health.
How often is food intake allowed for this pathology? Nutrition for patients with non-ulcer colitis requires fractional. It is recommended to eat often, up to six times a day, eating small portions of food. Meals should be evenly distributed throughout the day. The last meal is carried out no later than a few hours before going to bed.
Particular attention must be paid to the temperature regime. For example, food should not be very cold (that is, it is impossible for foods to have a temperature of less than sixteen degrees) or too hot (when the temperature is more than sixty-two degrees).
A day you need to drink at least one and a half liters of clean water, be sure to buz gas. Do not recommend eating thick and solid foods. Recommended boiled or steamed foods. Among other things, it is necessary to reduce the quantitative daily content of fats, as well as carbohydrates. As a rule, in the presence of non-ulcer colitis, patients are prescribed a diet No. 4. With this diet, certain foods should be consumed:
- Fresh pastries along with crackers, bread and rolls made from premium wheat flour.
- Low-fat fish, poultry and meat.
- Be sure to jelly and jelly, which are boiled from sweet fruits, but the daily intake of sugar is recommended to limit as much as possible.
- Blueberries with wild rose (these berries are perfect for making various decoctions). In addition, you can regularly drink weak green tea and cocoa in the water.
- You can also give preference to a steam omelet or boiled egg (no more than two eggs per day are allowed).
In the treatment of symptoms of non-ulcer colitis, the diet plays one of the most important roles. Also, patients are allowed to use fresh calcined low-fat cottage cheese. In addition, rice, semolina, buckwheat, oatmeal, vermicelli, meatball soups will be useful.
We examined the symptoms and treatment of non-ulcer colitis. Be healthy!