Human skin protects the body from the environment, acting as a barrier between the body and external influences. Therefore, the skin often suffers from various bacteria and negative factors that cause dermatological diseases. Sores on the hands can indicate both a mild illness and a serious illness. It is important to consult a specialist in time and cure in a timely manner. How do various ailments appear on the hands? Let's take a closer look.
Types of skin diseases
The epidermis is a kind of barrier that protects the internal tissues. Often the skin is exposed to various diseases. Moreover, defects on the skin can be caused by exposure to the external environment and internal. Skin diseases on the hands are one of the common problems in dermatology. This part of the body is almost impossible to protect from the negative factors that cause skin diseases.
Identification of the first symptoms at times increases the effectiveness of recovery.
A rash is the first symptom to pay attention to. It appears in various forms:
- small rash;
- vesicles;
- pustules;
- blisters;
- plaques.
Among the main symptoms of skin lesions, one can distinguish the following:
- discoloration of the skin (reddens or whitens);
- pain, itching, burning;
- the skin tightens, becomes dry (typical for the palms);
- cracks, peeling;
- discoloration of the nails, the appearance of spots on the nails, the absence or growth of the cuticle;
- sores;
- the formation of elements on the skin (rash, tuberous rashes).
If you do not pay attention to external signs in the form of skin rashes in time, then the disease can go into a chronic form.
Dermatitis
Dermatitis is the most common skin disease. Sores on the fingers appear as a result of the body's reaction to the allergen. In dermatology, this disease is better known as contact dermatitis.
When the body comes into contact with the allergen, antibodies are released, they lead to the formation of the first symptoms of allergic dermatitis. So there are red spots on the skin of the hands, papules, rash in the form of vesicles, itching, peeling and small cracks.
The main allergens that cause dermatitis are latex products, cosmetics, varnishes, accessories, clothing and home cleaning products.
With the onset of the first signs of dermatitis, you must immediately take an antihistamine. For a while, it is better to abandon the use of soaps, cosmetics and other skin-irritating products.
As preventive measures, it is necessary to protect the skin of the hands from contact with potential allergens. Use hypoallergenic cosmetics better; be sure to wear gloves when cleaning the house. Dermatologists recommend periodically taking courses of antihistamines.
Folk remedies for dermatitis will not help. Moreover, their effect can only aggravate the situation, provoking another negative reaction of the body. Then it will be more difficult to get rid of the consequences.
Eczema
This disease of the skin of the hands manifests itself in the form of redness, peeling and severe itching. Sometimes in advanced cases, cracks can form on the skin. The main reason for such a sore on the hands is inflammation of the upper layer of the epidermis.
Dermatologists classify this disease into types:
- atopic eczema (reason: contact with an allergen);
- occupational eczema (more common in those people who are forced to work with chemicals in a professional occupation);
- microbial eczema (the skin on the hands becomes inflamed due to exposure to fungi or bacteria);
- idiopathic eczema (usually occurs due to severe stresses and constant experiences).
Among the additional symptoms, puffiness may appear, a uterine stand out and a rash forms.
As a diagnosis of the disease, the patient needs to undergo scrapings, general tests. Before this, undergo examination by a neurologist and dermatologist to identify the specific cause and the optimal treatment method.
Toxermia
Toxoderma is an allergic disease that affects the mucous membranes and skin. Most often localized on the skin of the hands.
The disease manifests itself against the background of the ingestion of an allergen into the human body through injection or the digestive tract, less often during breathing.
There are two forms of the disease: fixed and common.
Fixed toxidermia is characterized by the appearance of red spots on the skin of the hands. Then the redness is covered with a brown crust. Sometimes the appearance of watery bubbles that burst when pressed.
Common toxidermia externally manifests itself more actively: not only the skin is affected, but the whole body suffers. The patient has a fever, irritability and increased nervousness. Perhaps the development of diseases of the respiratory and digestive systems. This form of toxidermia is considered dangerous. In severe form, the disease becomes Lyell syndrome. Blisters appear on the skin with serous contents inside. They burst during mechanical action, and red ulcers form in their place. In this case, urgent hospitalization is necessary, as the risk of blood poisoning increases.
Fungal diseases
Consider sores on the hands caused by fungi.
Mycosis is one of the common fungal diseases caused by dermatophyte. Damage areas: skin of hands, nails.
Mycosis manifests itself in the form of a change in the color of the skin: white or dark spots form, the skin peels off, in the future it may become crusty. The color of the nails also changes, and the surface of the nail plate becomes wavy. Therefore, the nails begin to break and peel.
The fungus is present on almost all things a person uses: on fruits and vegetables, on the skin of other people. Most often, fungi are transmitted through devices for manicure, a towel, clothes. Certain types of fungi can also be found on healthy skin, but do not manifest themselves in any way until favorable conditions exist for reproduction.
Fungal diseases usually appear due to problems with the gastrointestinal tract, weakened immunity, stress and due to the abundance of the use of sweets.
As a treatment, a dermatologist prescribes antifungal drugs: tablets and ointments.
Candidiasis
Candidiasis also refers to fungal diseases. Sores on the hands (photo below) appear due to manifestations of a fungus of the genus Candida.
It is generally accepted that conditionally these fungi are in the body of every person. They can go into a painful state against the background of such diseases: thrush, stomatitis, fungal skin lesions.
Symptoms of candidiasis:
- the formation of red spots on the skin of the hands;
- severe itching and swelling;
- the appearance of papules, vesicles, a rash in place of red spots.
Typically, candidiasis begins to manifest in the form of harmless itching at night.
As a diagnosis, scraping is taken. The treatment is local, and with advanced stages of candidiasis, the doctor may prescribe hospitalization. It is recommended to use antifungal drugs as a treatment. For prevention, you must carefully follow the rules of personal hygiene.
Psoriasis
Psoriasis is a chronic skin disease. As external signs, pink plaques, spots and peeling appear. A characteristic symptom is severe itching. In the people, this disease is better known as a red sore on the arm.
Cause of psoriasis: epidermal cells divide faster than necessary. This leads to the fact that the skin does not have time to develop, so most of the epidermis dies, and then peels off. The immune system interferes with this process. It acts against its own cells. This causes the appearance of inflamed formations on the skin.
There are several types of psoriasis:
- plaque;
- teardrop-shaped;
- pustular.
Each species is characterized by its own intensity of development and the nature of the course. Most often on the skin of the hands, the appearance of plaque and teardrop-shaped species is noticeable.
Psoriasis is characterized by seasonality. The disease can worsen in spring and autumn.
Why psoriasis appears is still unknown. There are many negative factors that provoke the disease:
- stress;
- heredity;
- genetics;
- violations of the endocrine system of the body.
The treatment of psoriasis should be comprehensive: stopping itching, eliminating external manifestations. In addition to external drugs, you need to undergo a course of general therapy.
Psoriasis is not a contagious disease. It is not transmitted in everyday life and in contact with the skin of the patient. It is important not to neglect preventive therapy, since the disappearance of plaques is not the absence of a disease. Periodically, you need to consult a dermatologist.
Scabies
Are the sores on the hands itching? Perhaps this is a manifestation of scabies. A fairly common disease that is provoked by the active work of the scabies mite.
Dermatologists classify scabies into such subspecies:
- typical;
- nodular;
- complicated scabies.
The main symptoms: the formation on the skin of the hands of a watery red rash between the fingers and on the side of the palms. Severe itching is an additional symptom that intensifies during sleep. It is at this time of day that tick activity is observed.
Sores on the child’s hands are most often manifested in the form of a rash, which are located in pairs. This external manifestation is just characteristic of scabies.
This is a contagious disease that is transmitted through contact with the patient’s skin or his personal belongings. The incubation period of the disease lasts from 7 to 10 days.
With untimely treatment, the formation of such complications is possible: a purulent infection develops in the form of a rash. For treatment, sedatives must be used to control severe itching. Scabies is treated externally and internally.
Causes of skin inflammation inside us
If the sore on the arm does not heal, then perhaps an inflammatory process occurs inside the body. So, such internal pathologies in the body influence the change in the epidermis:
- hormonal changes (usually in the puberty);
- nervous tension, stress;
- violation of the functions of the digestive tract;
- metabolic dysfunction;
- intestinal dysbiosis.
The individual characteristics of the human body are important, since the hereditary predisposition and allergic manifestations most often cause changes in the epidermal layer.
Sores on the hands: how to treat?
Treatment of skin diseases must be comprehensive. It includes the use of antihistamines, correction of immune reactions, sedative therapy, the release of the body from allergens. An important point of complex treatment is the use of corticosteroids, which can destroy inflammation in the body.
Local treatment aims to relieve burning, itching, pain and dry skin. Hormonal and antiseptic ointments are usually used.
Hand sores are recommended to be treated with the help of therapeutic baths and mud. Patients need to adhere to diet therapy and abandon bad habits (drinking and smoking).
Sores on the hands can not be treated with folk remedies. Modern medicine is more effective in the fight against diseases, since it affects not only externally, but also internally.
Remember, your health is in your hands: it is reflected and treated!