Angerix is a vaccine whose action is directed against the development of hepatitis B. As a result of its use, immunity to the causative agent of the disease is developed. This vaccine is a virus antigen (surface main) that has undergone a purification procedure adsorbed on aluminum hydroxide. The vaccine is obtained by implementing recombinant DNA technology .
The effectiveness of the drug when it is administered to adults, children and newborns, which are at risk, is on average 98%. Due to the introduction of the vaccine, specific HBs antibodies are formed, which represent protection against hepatitis B. With co-infection, Angerix can prevent the development of hepatitis D.
The composition, release form of the drug "Engerix"
The drug is available in ampoules. The dose intended for administration to a child corresponds to 0.5 ml, for an adult - 1 ml. The package contains up to one hundred ampoules (ten, sixty or one hundred).
The Angerix manufacturer also produces vaccines in 5 ml vials (corresponding to 10 children's doses) and 10 ml (corresponding to 10 adult doses). The packs contain fifty vials of Angerix.
Drug for adults
The composition of 1 ml of the vaccine includes the pathogen antigen (20 mcg), aluminum hydroxide is also included. A preservative called “2-phenoxyethanol” was used in the preparation, traces of thiolate are present, since the use of this substance is used to manufacture the medicine. Merthiolate is removed from the vaccine when cleaning is performed. In the manufacture of the drug dihydrogen phosphate adhydrate and sodium hydrogen phosphate adhydrate are used, sterile water is added.
Vaccine for children
For 1 ml of Angerix, the composition of the vaccine is as follows:
- pathogen antigen (10 mcg);
- minimum amount of merthiolate substance;
- additional components (the same as in the preparation for adults).
pharmachologic effect
The antigen is produced due to the yeast culture of saccharomycetes, it has a certain effect. Saccharomycete cells are removed from the antigen; this is a process of thorough cleaning of a high level. Evidence exists of Angeric's ability to reduce the likelihood of developing hepatocellular carcinoma due to the introduction of the vaccine in young children.
Indications for use
"Engerix" instructions for use are recommended for the prevention of hepatitis B, the occurrence of which is provoked by the virus. Vaccination of representatives of the risk group is recommended. It includes:
- medical staff;
- people who have to go through an organ transplant operation;
- residents of hepatitis B endemic regions;
- people with alcoholism;
- medical students;
- patients who are being prepared for surgery or invasive diagnostic procedures;
- carriers of the virus that causes the development of hepatitis C;
- workers who produce immunobiological preparations containing blood components;
- children in orphanages, boarding schools;
- laboratory staff researching human material;
- patients who are treated with drugs by injection;
- people suffering from chronic hepatitis C;
- children born to women who are carriers of the hepatitis B causative agent;
- people who have sickle cell anemia ;
- those who come in contact with people who have any form of hepatitis B ;
- people at high risk of contracting hepatitis B due to free sexual behavior;
- people who plan to go to hepatitis B endemic region;
- persons suffering from chronic liver disease;
- patients requiring blood transfusion, donor materials obtained from blood.
Angerix hepatitis vaccine can be performed at any age. It is done to those who have not been vaccinated before, and to those at risk.
Contraindications
The vaccine is not administered with hypersensitivity, which was identified after previous injections of the drug. The presence of severe and acute diseases, serious infectious processes in which fever occurs are contraindications for vaccination.
Despite the fact that there is no evidence confirming the harm of the vaccine to the fetus, it is very rare for women to vaccinate during the gestation period. Its implementation is usually carried out only in special cases, when there are certain indications for this.
Vaccine use, dosage
Intramuscular injection into the anterolateral thigh (small children, newborns), into the deltoid muscle is practiced. Subcutaneous administration is possible, but it is performed in rare cases, only when the patient's blood coagulation system is affected. The Angerix vaccine is never given intravenously. Due to the likelihood of a low immune response, intradermal, subcutaneous and intramuscular administration to the buttock is excluded.
The vaccine bottle immediately before injection is shaken well until the whitish suspension is evenly distributed. There should be no foreign particles in the preparation. In cases where the type of vaccine does not meet this description, this tool is not used for vaccination.
If Angerix (vaccine) is used in a vial, take a sterile needle and syringe with each dose. The started bottle can be used up to the end of the day. This process requires compliance with the standard established rules of antiseptics, asepsis.
Dosage
Vaccination is determined by the immunization schedule adopted in the country. Dosing funds is based on age:
- up to 19 years - 0.5 ml;
- from 19 years - 1 ml;
- in the treatment of patients staying in the hemodialysis department - 2 ml.
Preventive childhood vaccinations
The child is vaccinated after birth, at one month and at six. When such a scheme is implemented, already in the seventh month of life, the child develops immunity to the causative agent of hepatitis B. If there is a need to accelerate this process, the next injection after birth is performed in the first month of life, and then in the second. At the twelfth month, revaccination is required.
If a vaccine is not given to an adult in childhood, after the first vaccination, the second is given on the seventh day, the third on the twenty-first. One year after the first use of the vaccine, the drug is administered again.
During hemodialysis procedures, the Angerix hepatitis B vaccine is administered as follows: day zero - thirtieth - sixtieth. Re-use the drug six months after the first injection. The patients who make up this group are given an injection with a double dose (2 mg). After the introduction of the drug, it is recommended to perform a serological test (the normal indicator should be at least 10 IU / l).
A newborn with serious kidney problems is injected with 0.5 ml of the drug, adhering to any suitable vaccination schedule. The same dose of the drug is necessary for newborns who undergo hemodialysis.
If a person was exposed to factors that could cause infection, an accelerated vaccination regimen is used. The first dose is combined with a medication, which contains immunoglobulin. Such drugs negatively affect the hepatitis B virus. Injections of the Angerix preparation are recommended for use separately from immunoglobulin injections (in different places).
If you want to vaccinate a newborn whose mother is the carrier of the causative agent of the disease or has had hepatitis B since the sixth month of pregnancy, after the birth of the light, the vaccine is administered to him in the first half of the day. Further vaccination is carried out in an expedited manner. Sometimes in such cases, it is recommended to use a vaccine with immunoglobulin molecules.
After a person has completed the entire hepatitis B vaccination schedule, revaccination is not needed. After hemodialysis and with a poor immune response, revaccination can be prescribed. The need for its implementation is determined by a serological test.
Side effects of Angerix
Consider the negative reactions of the body, the development of which the Angerix vaccine can lead to. The instruction describes such side effects in which the musculoskeletal and digestive systems are affected. There may be disturbances in the functioning of the peripheral nervous system, cardiovascular, changes in the central nervous system are possible. After the injection, allergies and some local reactions can be detected.
The human body can respond to the introduction of the vaccine by the manifestation of flu-like symptoms, malaise, fever and loss of strength. In some cases, thrombocytopenia, lymphadenopathy develop, bronchospasm appears. Usually negative reactions to the vaccine are mild.
Cases of overdose of the vaccine in question have not been identified. How to act in such situations with the development of unwanted symptoms is not indicated in the instructions.
Before use, you should carefully study the annotation and consult your doctor.
Drug interaction
Angerix (vaccine), when used simultaneously with immunoglobulins when it is necessary to prevent hepatitis B infection, does not lead to a decrease in antibody titer, provided that the administration of these drugs is performed separately, at different points. Otherwise, the indicator will not be within the normal range.
It is allowed to use a vaccine that prevents the development of hepatitis B, along with other agents of the type indicated on the calendars of prophylactic vaccinations and vaccination for prophylactic purposes according to epidemic indicators. It is important that two different vaccines are administered by separate syringes at two different points.
The Angerix vaccine may be the final step in getting the hepatitis B vaccine when it was started with other vaccines that have the same effect. Under the same conditions, Angerix can be used during booster shots.
Adverse reactions of the body when combining the vaccine with various drugs were not observed.
special instructions
Pregnancy period
Theoretically, the likelihood of harm to the fetus due to the introduction of the vaccine is minimal. Clinical studies that would clarify the effect of Angerix on the body, including women during pregnancy, have not been conducted. “Angerix B” (analogues too) is advisable to use for injections for women expecting a baby only with the appropriate indications established by a doctor.
Features of the use of the drug
The incubation period of hepatitis B is characterized by the fact that it lasts a lot, so there is a possibility of a latent course of infection at the time of administration of the vaccine. In such patients, the prevention of hepatitis B is not possible.
Due to the use of the vaccine, it is impossible to prevent the appearance of infections, the development of which is facilitated by other pathogens. For example, the drug is ineffective if it is necessary to avoid the development of hepatitis A, C or E. It also does not have the necessary effect on the causative agents of other diseases in which the liver is affected.
Angerix (vaccine), after being introduced into the body, elicits an immune system response; its manifestation depends on many factors. For example, the response of the immune system is determined by the person’s gender, age, the presence of such a bad habit as smoking, the ways in which the vaccine was administered. Often after forty years, the response of the immune system is less pronounced than in younger people. If necessary, such patients receive additional vaccination.
If the patient has HIV infection, other immune problems and due to hemodialysis, it may not be possible to achieve an adequate antibody titer. If the main course did not provide the desired effect, additional injections may be required according to the results of the analysis. Due to the ability to cause anaphylactic reactions, which is different for the Angerix vaccine, reviews report the need to have special remedies to eliminate the consequences of this type during the administration of the drug. An allergy can manifest itself very quickly, so you should monitor the condition of the patients who received the injection for thirty minutes.
In the presence of a minor infectious process in the body, vaccination becomes possible when the value of body temperature returns to normal. The points at which it is planned to administer the vaccine should be treated with agents designed for anti-shock therapy.
The vaccine can be used for problems in the liver, it is administered with caution into the body of the elderly.
Analogues of the drug
With the prevention of hepatitis B, you can opt for the Angerix or Regevac vaccines. Of the analogues of Engerix, the following products are popular: Euwax, Biovak. Possible vaccination with "Eberbiovac HB", "Shanvak", "HB-Vax." A suitable drug is chosen by your doctor.
Reviews about the tool "Engerix"
If necessary, a routine vaccine against hepatitis B is often used. Parents do not notice any special side effects, they are usually happy with the result. Currently, there are many positive reviews about the drug.
"Euwax" is also a fairly popular tool, but parents consider it not as effective as "Engerix". Reviews show that it is the second variant of the vaccine that is most often recommended by doctors.
The composition of the drug does not include viruses, it does not have killed microorganisms, let alone living ones. The basis of the vaccine is an antigen formed using pure yeast culture.
The administration of any vaccine can lead to a slight temporary deterioration in well-being, but Angerix usually protects well against hepatitis B. In the normal state of the immune system, the necessary immune response is always present.
Not everyone wants to be vaccinated, but you must understand that without them you risk getting many dangerous diseases. When vaccinated with the Angerix drug, the specialist takes into account a large number of different factors, which eliminates possible harm to health. In almost all cases, due to the timely use of the vaccine, the disease does not develop.
Be healthy!