Why is Ibuprofen prescribed for patients? We will tell you about this in the presented article. From it you will learn about in what form the mentioned product is made, how and in what dosage it should be taken and so on.
Composition, packaging, description, forms of the drug
In what form is Ibuprofen produced? Instructions for use, reviews of experts report that this drug is produced in various forms.
- Biconvex and round tablets go on sale in cardboard packages of 20, 10 or 100 pieces. They have a smooth surface and white color. The active substance of this drug is ibuprofen.
- Coated Ibuprofen Tablets. From what these pills, we will tell a little further. They consist of a small amount of the active element, due to which they provide a prolonged action.
- Capsules This form contains 300 mg of active substance. They dissolve very slowly.
- Suspension "Ibuprofen". Syrup for children goes on sale in a bottle with a measuring spoon. The suspension is a homogeneous yellow mass. It can have both an orange and a strawberry flavor.
- Suppositories "Ibuprofen". Instructions, reviews say that such candles are used rectally. They are sold in packs of 10 each.
- Granules. This form is intended for the preparation of a medicinal solution for oral administration. The finished product has a mint flavor, as well as a pleasant aroma.
- 5% ointment "Ibuprofen". The use of this tool allows you to get rid of pain in the muscles and joints. The gel is used only externally.
- Injection. It is produced in Germany and sold in cardboard packs of 4 capsules. The drug is administered intravenously.
Features of the drug
Why is Ibuprofen used in medical practice? According to the instructions, this medication is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. It is able to have anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and analgesic effects. Experts argue that this tool indiscriminately blocks COX2 and COX1.
The principle of action of ibuprofen is to slow down the synthesis of prostaglandins, that is, mediators of inflammation, pain and a hyperthermic reaction.
Pharmacokinetics of the drug
What pharmacokinetic parameters do Ibuprofen tablets have? The use of oral forms of the drug provides high and rapid absorption from the gastrointestinal tract.
The highest concentration of ibuprofen in plasma is observed after 120-240 minutes after taking it. Communication with plasma proteins is more than 90%, and the half-life is 2 hours.
The drug "Ibuprofen" (suspension and tablets) slowly penetrates the joints. Its active substance is retained in the synovial tissue. This provides her with large concentrations of the active ingredient.
After absorption, approximately 60% of the inactive R-form of the drug is transformed into the active S-form.
This medication is metabolized. It is excreted through the kidneys (unchanged), as well as along with bile.
Indications for use of any form of the drug
Why can Ibuprofen be prescribed to patients? According to the instructions, this drug has the following indications for use:
- inflammatory diseases of the spine and joints (including ankylosing spondylitis, rheumatoid and gouty arthritis, osteoarthritis);
- febrile syndrome that occurs against a background of infectious or colds;
- moderate pain of various origins (including headache, neuralgia, migraine, postoperative pain, toothache, myalgia, primary algomenorrhea, post-traumatic pain).
What other purposes can Ibuprofen be used for? Why are these pills prescribed to patients? Doctors say that this drug is actively used for symptomatic therapy. It well and fairly quickly reduces inflammation and pain (only at the time of use), but does not affect the progression of the disease.
Contraindications
Why patients use Ibuprofen, we described above. As for contraindications, the following conditions of the patient are referred to them:
- erosive and ulcerative diseases of the digestive tract, especially in the acute stage (for example, an ulcer of the duodenum, stomach, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis nonspecific);
- hypersensitivity to the ingredients that make up the drug;
- hypersensitivity of the patient to acetylsalicylic acid, as well as other NSAIDs, including anamnestic data on rhinitis, an attack of bronchial obstruction, urticaria after taking NSAIDs or acetylsalicylic acid;
- inflammatory bowel disease;
- incomplete or complete syndrome of intolerance to acetylsalicylic acid (manifested in the form of rhinosinusitis, urticaria, polyps in the nasal mucosa, bronchial asthma);
- the period after coronary artery bypass grafting;
- hemorrhagic diathesis, hemophilia and other disorders in blood coagulation (for example, hypocoagulation);
- severe liver failure, various liver diseases;
- intracranial hemorrhage, gastrointestinal bleeding;
- renal failure severe, confirmed hyperkalemia;
- progressive kidney disease.
What other contraindications do Ibuprofen have? Syrup for children is not recommended for babies up to 3 months, and other forms of medicine - up to 6 years. Also, this medicine should not be used during pregnancy.
Careful reception
In what conditions should Ibuprofen be used with extreme caution? The use (reviews of this tool will be presented later) of this drug in the elderly, as well as people with heart failure, hypertension, arterial and coronary heart disease should be strictly controlled by a doctor.
Also, with special care, this medication is prescribed for cerebrovascular diseases, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, diseases of the arteries (peripheral), smoking, enteritis, regular drinking, liver cirrhosis, gastritis, nephrotic syndrome, hyperbilirubinemia, colitis, blood diseases of unknown origin and during chest feeding.
Ways to use the drug
Methods of using this drug depend on its release form.
At what dosage is ibuprofen indicated for children? Instructions for use states that, in relation to tablets, syrup acts much faster. Before applying this form, the vial should be shaken thoroughly. The dosage of this medication should be determined only by the pediatrician, depending on the condition of the patient.
Ibuprofen suppositories are designed specifically for infants. They are used rectally and begin to act after 30 minutes. With febrile or pain syndrome, a single dose of this medication is 5-10 mg per 1 kg of the child’s weight. Use candles preferably at intervals of 6-8 hours.
How should Ibuprofen ointment be used? The gel, with a strip of 1.5 cm, is applied to the lesion with light massaging movements. It is charming to avoid getting the drug on mucous and open wounds. Otherwise, the medicine must be washed off immediately with warm water.
Are ibuprofen tablets harmful for children? The instruction for use states that it is undesirable to give this form of the drug to children under 6 years old.
Take this medication in between meals. Usually it is prescribed in an amount of 5-10 mg per 1 kg of a person’s weight three times a day. In this case, the daily dose should not be more than 20 mg per kg.
With rheumatoid arthritis, as well as other joint diseases, the drug is prescribed in an amount of 40 mg / kg (but not more).
Overdose cases
When taking high doses of the drug, the patient may develop the following symptoms: nausea, lethargy, abdominal pain, drowsiness, vomiting, tinnitus, depression, metabolic acidosis, headache, acute renal failure, coma, bradycardia, lowering blood pressure, fibrillation atria, respiratory arrest and tachycardia.
Treatment - urgent gastric lavage (within 60 minutes after an overdose), intake of activated charcoal, alkaline drink and forced diuresis.
Side effects
Does the drug “Ibuprofen” contribute to the appearance of adverse reactions? Gel for external use never causes unwanted effects. As for the oral forms of the drug, they can cause the following phenomena:
- abdominal pain, loss of appetite, nausea, pain in the mouth, vomiting, ulceration of the gums, heartburn, aphthous stomatitis, diarrhea, dryness or irritation of the oral mucosa, flatulence, pancreatitis, constipation;
- hepatitis;
- bronchospasm, shortness of breath
- hearing impairment, tinnitus or ringing, hearing loss;
- irritation and dryness of the eyes, scotoma, toxic lesions of the optic nerves, blurred vision or blurred vision, swelling of the eyelids and conjunctiva;
- insomnia, headache, hallucinations, dizziness, confusion, anxiety, depression, irritability and nervousness, drowsiness, psychomotor agitation, aseptic meningitis;
- tachycardia, heart failure, increased blood pressure;
- acute renal failure, polyuria, allergic nephritis, nephrotic syndrome, cystitis;
- skin rash, Quincke's edema, pruritus, exudative erythema multiforme anaphylactoid reactions, fever, anaphylactic shock, dyspnea, bronchospasm, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, eosinophilia, toxic epidermal necrolysis, allergic rhinitis;
- increased sweating;
- anemia, thrombocytopenic and thrombocytopenia purpura, leukopenia, agranulocytosis;
- ulceration of the gastrointestinal mucosa, bleeding.
It should also be noted that taking this drug may cause changes in the following laboratory parameters:
- serum creatinine concentration (increases);
- bleeding time (increases);
- creatinine clearance (decreases);
- serum glucose concentration (decreases);
- hemoglobin or hematocrit (may decrease);
- activity of liver transaminases (increases).
If such reactions appear, you should immediately stop taking the medication and consult a doctor.
Special recommendations
Treatment with the Ibuprofen medication should be carried out in a minimum dose, which will show maximum therapeutic efficacy. In this case, the course of therapy should be short.
If treatment is carried out for a long time, then control of the kidneys and liver, as well as the picture of peripheral blood, is required.
When signs of gastropathy appear, careful monitoring of the patient's condition is necessary. It should include an esophagogastroduodenoscopy, as well as an analysis of feces for occult blood and a general blood test (in order to determine hemoglobin).
Drug interaction
It is extremely undesirable to combine the drug "Ibuprofen" with acetylsalicylic acid and other NSAIDs. This is due to the fact that it can reduce the anti-inflammatory and antiplatelet effects of these agents.
With the simultaneous administration of the medication in question with thrombolytic and anticoagulant drugs, the risk of bleeding increases.
Cefaperazone, Cefamandol, valproic acid, Cefotetan and Plicamycin increase the likelihood of hypoprothrombinemia.
Drugs that block tubular secretion reduce excretion and increase the plasma concentration of Ibuprofen.
The medication in question worsens the effect of uricosuric agents, enhances the effects of indirect anticoagulants, fibrinolytics and antiplatelet agents.
Patient reviews about the drug
The drug "Ibuprofen" is very popular among patients. It is positioned as a highly effective anti-inflammatory drug that has many forms of release.
According to patient reviews, this medication begins to act very quickly. It relieves even the most severe pains in the joints and muscles, and also eliminates headaches and inflammations of various origins.
The only drawback of this medicine is the presence of a large number of side effects and contraindications. According to patient reviews, the Ibuprofen preparation often causes stomach pain, nausea, dizziness and vomiting, and also causes ulcers and erosion in the gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, it is recommended to use this medication in minimum dosages, as well as for a short time. This is the only way you can eliminate pain syndromes and at the same time not experience any adverse reactions.