Despite the fact that the human body is endowed with immunity and is able to cope with many diseases on its own, there are bacteria and infections that can be defeated only with the help of medications. Such drugs can inhibit and stop the growth of pathogens, thereby eliminating the focus of inflammation. The group of similar drugs include 5-NOC tablets. Patient reviews indicate their high efficiency in the treatment of diseases of the genitourinary system. In addition, this tool is great for preventing the occurrence of relapses of inflammation in chronic forms of diseases.
Active substance
Nitroxoline is the active substance of the drug "5-NOC". It is a synthetic formation derived from 8-hydroxyquinoline. Thanks to this component, the drug, entering the body, begins to look for cells of microorganisms and inhibit their DNA. The mechanism of selective action allows you to stop the multiplication of pathogenic bacteria and not harm healthy cells.
In addition, nitroxoline reacts actively with nucleic acids and enzymes that contain metals in their cells. The substance disrupts the recovery of pathogenic bacteria, has a pronounced bactericidal effect against a fairly wide range of microorganisms. Moreover, it is quite effective against strains resistant to drugs of other groups of antibacterial agents. The medicine "5-NOC", reviews confirm this, is an effective and inexpensive tool against diseases caused by fungi, bacteria and pathogens of high resistance to other drugs with antibacterial and antiseptic effects.
Release form and composition
The drug is available in the form of coated tablets. They have an orange or yellow color, round in shape, biconvex, a characteristic luster is observed. The main active ingredient is nitroxoline. Auxiliary components of the composition: sucrose, dye E110, carboxymethyl cellulose, lactose.
What microorganisms does the medication fight with
Note that the drug has a directed action and is quite effective in relation to some strains of pathogens:
- Anaerobic and aerobic gram-positive organisms - Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus spp. (strains of pneumoniae, pyogenes).
- Staphylococcus spp., Strains of aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Corynebacterium spp.
- Anaerobic and aerobic microorganisms (gram-negative) - Klebsiella spp., Proteus spp., Shigella spp., Salmonella spp., Haemophilus influenzae, Enterobacter spp., Escherichia coli, Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
- Infections caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycoplasma hominis, Trichomonas vaginalis, Ureaplasma urealyticum.
Mold fungi, dermatophytes, Candida fungi, some organisms that cause deep mycoses - these diseases also effectively stop the drug “5-NOC”. Doctors' reviews indicate the ability of the drug to reduce the adhesion of uropathogenic organisms to the wall of the catheters (for the removal of urine from patients) and the epithelial layer of the urinary tract.
When appointed
Thanks to a wide range of applications, the drug copes with the following ailments:
- Chronic, acute, recurrent diseases (infectious etiology) of the urinary tract caused by gram-negative and gram-positive fungi and bacteria.
- Epididymitis.
- Pyelonephritis: chronic and acute form.
- Urethritis.
- Cystitis.
- Adenoma and carcinoma (infected) of the prostate gland.
- Prevention of urinary tract infections (recurrent).
- Applied after diagnostic and surgical interventions on the urinary tract: kidney surgery, cystoscopy, catheterization.
It is worth considering that only a doctor can prescribe adequate treatment, depending on the severity of the disease. 5-NOC tablets, expert reviews confirm this, have high bioavailability - about 90%. They are rapidly absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract and reach the highest plasma concentration in 1.5-2 hours.
Pharmacokinetics
The drug has a low ability to bind to plasma proteins. The highest concentration of the active substance is observed in the patient's urine. The drug is metabolized mainly in the liver, and excreted by the kidneys. A certain amount of the drug is removed from the body with bile - the period is 2 hours. It is worth noting that the pharmacokinetics of the drug in children, elderly people and patients with impaired renal and hepatic function have not been studied. Therefore, it is necessary to get a qualified consultation with a doctor before prescribing 5-NOC tablets. Reviews of experts note that children tolerate the medicine quite well if the dosage and treatment regimen are fully observed. It is especially careful to monitor a child who has not reached the age of 3.
How to use
It is recommended that you take the medicine with or after meals. The tablets are not chewed, swallowed whole, washed down with clean water. Adequate doses of the drug:
- Adult patients - from 100 to 200 mg, up to 4 times a day. Note that, with the continuous use of tablets, the course cannot exceed 30 days. However, therapy using alternating courses is possible: they take pills for 14 days, and do not take medicine for 14 days. This method allows treatment for several months.
- Prevention of infectious diseases after surgery, diagnostic procedures - 100 mg up to 4 times a day. This medication regimen lasts up to 3 weeks. For patients with impaired liver and kidney function, the initial dose is 50% of the recommended.
Note that the drug "5-NOC" with cystitis, patient reviews confirm this, quickly relieves inflammation and eliminates acute pain. However, even in the event of a positive effect of treatment, it is not recommended to interrupt the course prescribed by the doctor, otherwise there is a risk of relapse.
Dosage for children
Please note that an adequate dosage for a child can only be determined by a doctor based on a survey. Typically, the drug is prescribed as follows:
- For children from 2 to 12 months, the calculation is based on the baby's body weight: 25 mg / kg per day. The whole medicine must be divided into 4 doses at equal intervals. The duration of therapy is from 10 days to 3 weeks. In case of severe infection - up to 1 month.
- From the age of 12 months to 14 years, it is prescribed to take from 50 to 100 mg up to 4 times a day. The course is determined by a specialist, but with continuous admission it cannot exceed 30 days. In the alternating regimen of 2 weeks - reception, and 2 weeks - a break, longer use of the drug “5-NOC” is allowed. For children, the reviews of doctors indicate this, the remedy should be prescribed only in the most extreme cases, when therapy with the help of other medications has been found to be ineffective.
Feasible side effects
Note that side effects are rarely observed in patients, but it is necessary to consult a doctor immediately if they occur. It is he who can cancel the medication and conduct symptomatic treatment after the use of the drug “5-NOC”. Instructions, reviews of doctors indicate the following negative manifestations during therapy:
- Vomiting, impaired liver function, nausea, in rare cases, anorexia.
- Tachycardia.
- Paresthesia, polyneuropathy.
- Impaired coordination of movements, dizziness, headache, less often loss of consciousness.
- Optic neuritis (with prolonged use of tablets).
- Urticaria, rash, peeling of the skin.
- Thrombocytopenia, sometimes staining of urine in a saturated yellow tint, an increase in uric acid in plasma.
As a rule, all side effects quickly disappear after the complete discontinuation of the drug “5-NOC”. Patient reviews indicate poor health only in case of overdose or failure to adhere to the regimen.
Contraindications
If the patient has an allergic reaction or hypersensitivity to one of the components of the composition, it is forbidden to prescribe a drug. It is not recommended to use the medication for breastfeeding, cataracts, impaired liver and kidney function.
It is worth noting that the drug “5-NOC”, reviews of women testify to this, often prescribed during pregnancy. However, cases of harm to the health of both the expectant mother and the fetus have not been established. As a rule, the drug is prescribed for acute cystitis, vaginal infections and fungal manifestations (thrush).
You should not take a medicine at the same time with medicines that contain oxyquinolines. Toxic poisoning from an overabundance of the active substance in the body may occur.