"Atrovent" is a medication that has proven itself in the elimination of bronchial asthma. The dosage of this drug is established only by a medical specialist.
Atrovent is produced in the form of a solution and spray for inhalation. The active component is ipratropium bromide monohydrate. Excipients are:
- disodium salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid;
- benzalkonium chloride;
- water;
- sodium and chlorine ions;
- hydrochloric acid.
The solution is a clear liquid without additional dyes. The drug is produced in amber-colored bottles of twenty milliliters.
What instructions for use, price and analogues does Atrovent have?
Indications
Atrovent is prescribed for the following diseases:
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
- Bronchospasm.
- Chronic obstructive bronchitis.
- Emphysema
- Bronchial asthma.
In these situations, the inhaler acts as a supportive treatment. In acute manifestations of bronchospasm, the drug is combined with inhaled beta2-agonists.
Limitations
According to the instructions and reviews, "Atrovent" can not be used by people with angle-closure glaucoma, women in the first trimester of pregnancy. It is not recommended to use the drug in the presence of allergies to atropine, as well as ipratropium bromide and their derivatives.
Mode of application
In each case, the doctor selects a specific dosage regimen on an individual basis, based on the fact that one drop contains 0.0125 milligrams of anhydrous ipratropium bromide, and twenty drops in 1 milliliter. According to Atrovent-N aerosol reviews, it is not recommended to exceed the prescribed daily dosage. Throughout therapy, the patient should be under the supervision of a doctor.
The optimal concentration of the drug, the medical specialist selects individually. Unless otherwise indicated, adult patients and children from six years of age are usually prescribed 2 doses (injection) four times a day. The maximum dosage should not exceed 12 irrigations, since the need for more medication in most situations indicates the need for additional prescription of other methods of therapy.
In the absence of positive dynamics or poor health, you should contact a medical specialist who will offer a new treatment. If shortness of breath or shortness of breath occurs, you should also visit a doctor.
From the instructions to the "Atrovent" it is known that the dosage with maintenance treatment will be as follows:
- Adult patients are prescribed two milliliters (which is 0.5 milligrams of the active component) three times a day; maximum daily dosage of 8 milliliters (or two mg).
- For small patients from six to twelve years, 1 ml (0.25 milligrams) is recommended; the maximum concentration of the drug is 8 milliliters.
- Babies up to six years of age are prescribed from 0.4 to 1 milliliter; the maximum dosage is 4 ml.
Therapy of children is carried out strictly under medical supervision. With the development of bronchospasm, the following dosage is prescribed:
- Adult patients and children from twelve years of age are recommended to use 2 milliliters once, but repeated doses may be prescribed until the condition normalizes. How often it is necessary to carry out the procedure, the doctor decides. Sometimes complex therapy with inhaled beta-2-adrenergic agonists is prescribed.
- Dose for children from six to twelve years - 1 ml. The recommendations are exactly the same as in adults.
- Kids up to six years old are allowed to use from 0.4 to 1 milliliter.
The prescribed dosage of Atrovent is diluted in a 0.9% sodium chloride solution to 4 ml and inhalation is carried out using a nebulizer apparatus. Do not reuse the mixture.
Adverse reactions
According to the instructions for use, Atrovent has certain negative effects. Here they are:
- Anaphylaxis.
- Nettle rash.
- Increased Sensitivity.
- Dizziness.
- Migraine.
- Mydriasis
- Glaucoma.
- Visual impairment.
- Pain in the eyes.
- Swelling of the cornea of the eye.
- Redness of the connective cavity of the visual organ.
- Arrhythmia.
- Violation of the regulation of heart rate.
What other adverse reactions does the drug cause?
A medication, if used improperly, can provoke the following conditions:
- Cough Syndrome.
- Irritation of the larynx.
- Convulsive syndrome, which is characterized by a sharp contraction of the muscles of the larynx.
- Bronchospasm.
- Swelling of the pharynx.
- Intestinal obstruction.
- Dry mouth.
- Diarrhea.
- Nausea.
- Stomatitis.
- Vomiting.
- Swelling of the oral cavity.
- Deterioration of urine discharge.
Generics
Among the medicines with similar indications, the following Atrovent-N inhalation aerosol analogues are distinguished:
- Ironil.
- Berotek.
- Astmopent.
- Berodual.
- Beclomethasone.
- "Burlicort."
- Budesonide.
- Ventolin.
- Benacort.
- "Dexamethasone".
- Ipradol.
- Cromogen.
- Betamethasone.
- "Seretide Multidisk."
- Pulmicort.
- Salbutamol
- "Foradil."
Before replacing the drug, consult a medical professional. Next, the most effective analogues of Atrovent for inhalation with prices will be considered.
Berotek
A drug that belongs to the group of selective beta-2-adrenergic agonists. The medication helps to relax the smooth muscles of the bronchi and capillaries and thereby prevents the appearance of bronchospasm. The drug is available in two forms - spray and solution for inhalation.
The main component of Berotek is fenoterol hydrobromide. 1 milliliter contains 1 milligram of phenoterol hydrobromide.
Additional substances are:
- benzalkonium chloride;
- edetate disodium dihydrate;
- hydrochloric acid;
- sodium chloride;
- distilled water.
Berotek is an analogue of the Atrovent-N aerosol. It activates beta-2 adrenergic receptors, which are usually located in the respiratory system. Fenoterol inhibits the release of mediators of inflammatory processes and allergies from mast cells, thereby preventing the appearance of bronchial obstruction.
The medication prevents the occurrence of bronchospasm of different genesis. It begins to affect five minutes after inhalation. The maximum pharmacological effect is observed after 30–90 minutes, lasts from three to six hours. The cost of the drug varies from 450 to 600 rubles.
The instructions for use of the Atrovent analogue indicate that after inhalation of the lower respiratory organs, its concentration reaches from ten to thirty percent of fenoterol. The rest of the sprayed active component settles in the upper respiratory tract, is swallowed and enters the stomach. The bioavailability of fenoterol is nineteen percent.
The pharmacological effect of conservative treatment of bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease "Berotekom" increases with its complex use with anti-inflammatory drugs (inhaled glucocorticosteroids). But such treatment must be carried out in a medical institution for continuous monitoring of the patient's condition.
Berodual
A comprehensive bronchodilator to eliminate respiratory tract diseases that are accompanied by bronchospasm. The main active components are:
- fenoterol hydrobromide;
- ipratropium bromide monohydrate.
A medication is available in the form of a spray and solution. Berodual is an effective analogue of Atrovent for inhalation, which, in addition to the active substance, also contains additional components:
- sodium chloride;
- disodium edetate dihydrate;
- hydrochloric acid;
- benzalkonium chloride;
- purified water.
Ipratropium bromide (active ingredient) has anticholinergic effects. The drug slows down the reflexes provoked by the vagus nerve by counteracting the mediator released from the ends of the vagus nerve. The effects of ipratropium upon inhalation are due to a local, rather than a general anticholinergic effect.
With the inhalation use of the drug in patients with bronchospasm, a marked improvement in lung function is observed within fifteen minutes. The maximum pharmacological effect is achieved after an hour or two after inhalation and lasts up to six hours.
The medicine does not adversely affect mucociliary clearance, as well as the production of mucus in the respiratory tract and gas exchange processes. The price of the product ranges from 250 to 600 rubles.
Benacort
The medication is made in the following types:
- powder for inhalation;
- solution for inhalation.
Composition per dosage:
- budesonide;
- sodium benzoate.
It is necessary to avoid the penetration of a powder or solution for inhalation into the organs of vision. Rinsing the mouth with water after inhalation helps to reduce the likelihood of candidal stomatitis. Migraines, vomiting, nausea, and fatigue were extremely rare.
After the drug is completely discontinued, continuous monitoring of the patient and a constant assessment of external respiration function are necessary. Benacort is prescribed for elderly patients who cannot use other forms of inhalation.
Beclomethasone
Hormonal drug (glucocorticosteroid), which is intended for inhalation use in order to affect the mucous cavity of the respiratory system. It is also one of the drugs of the basic course of therapy for bronchial asthma.
The drug does not have the ability to eliminate bronchospasm, and the pharmacological effect appears gradually with maximum severity, usually five to seven days after the start of treatment.
For women in the second and third trimesters of an "interesting position", as well as for nursing mothers, the advisability of using the drug is determined by a medical specialist. When using the drug during breastfeeding, the child must be transferred to the mixture.
Particular care must be taken with the intranasal use of the spray in patients with a curved nasal septum, as well as glaucoma, amoebiasis, hypothyroidism, and severe kidney disease.
Recently suffered myocardial infarction, surgical operations of the nasal cavity and nasal injuries are considered to be the reason for the ban on the use of beclomethasone.
The cost of the drug varies from 370 to 350 rubles.
Salbutamol
Aerosol is a colorless liquid of a white hue. Its structure includes the main active substance salbutamol, the concentration of which in one dosage of aerosol is 100 micrograms.
Aerosol is available in a cylinder that is equipped with a special metering valve and spray. The main substance "Salbutamol" is considered an agonist of beta-2-adrenergic receptors of the walls of the bronchi. It acts on nerve endings, as a result of which smooth muscles are relaxed and the lumen of the bronchi widens. Due to this effect, the bronchodilator pharmacological effect of the drug occurs with an improvement in the patency of the bronchial tree.
After aerosol irrigation of the respiratory tract, only twenty percent of the active component reaches the small bronchi. The rest is deposited on the mucous membrane of the upper respiratory organs (pharynx, larynx, trachea), and is also absorbed into the general bloodstream. "Salbutamol" is metabolized in the liver with the formation of inactive decay products, which are eliminated from the body, usually with urine.
The price of the drug varies from 120 to 190 rubles.
Pulmicort
The drug is made in the form of a suspension, which has a white tint. The main active ingredient is micronized budesonide: its concentration in 1 milliliter of suspension is 250 and 500 micrograms. In addition, the medication contains excipients, which include:
- Disodium edatate.
- Polysorbate 80.
- Sodium chloride.
- Lemon acid.
- Sodium citrate.
- Purified water.
The active substance of the suspension is considered a chemical derivative of the hormones of the human adrenal cortex glucocorticosteroids. It has an anti-inflammatory effect due to inhibition of the activity of the immune system and the development of various mediators of the inflammatory process.
When the active component enters the mucous membrane of the trachea and bronchi, the severity of edema, hyperemia, spasm of the smooth muscles of the walls, and the production of mucus by glandular cells decreases.
Due to this therapeutic effect, the drug reduces the severity and frequency of shortness of breath with bronchial asthma of an allergic origin. The effect occurs already two to three hours after the procedure, reaching maximum concentration after two weeks.
The drug is effective as a preventive measure to prevent exacerbations of bronchial asthma and has no effect on the course of the disease. In the recommended pharmacological dosage, budesonide has absolutely no effect on the functioning of the adrenal glands.
The cost of the drug ranges from 470 to 1600 rubles.
For or against?
People who have used these medicines usually leave positive feedback. Patients note their increased effectiveness both in therapy and for prophylactic purposes.
Most patients tolerate Atrovent and some of its analogues, for example, Berodual, Salbutamol, Berotek. People also confirm in their reviews a minimum of adverse reactions during treatment.