Since its invention, antibiotics have become a real salvation for mankind. Before that, any infection could easily be fatal, but today almost every group of bacteria has its own antibiotic, which successfully suppresses the growth of pathogenic microorganisms. Of course, no one can deny the significant harm that these drugs have on the body, but modern doctors cannot do without them. In recent years, massive work is underway to create the safest antibiotics possible, some of them are already available in pharmacy chains. "Klacid SR" is a relatively new drug that is prescribed even to children and women in the position. Clinical studies confirm that in most cases, the drug not only effectively fights against a wide range of infections, but also has minimal harm to the patient's body. The topic of our article is instructions for use with Klacid CP 500, reviews about this product, its features and dosage for children and adults. We hope that the information provided will be useful to readers.
Brief description of the new antibiotic
When a patient is prescribed another drug, he is little worried about which group he belongs to. Most of all, he is concerned about the cost of pills or injections, as well as instructions for use. With "Klacid SR 500" this is usually the same, although in fact it would not hurt the patients to learn a little more about it before taking it.
An antibiotic is a semi-synthetic drug that belongs to the safest group to date - macrolides. All drugs that fall into it have several distinctive features that ensure their continued popularity among patients and physicians. First of all, they are very effective, and bacteria and pathogenic microorganisms do not have time to develop resistance to them. Antibiotics of this group cope with any disease much faster than other drugs and cause a minimal amount of side effects. Of course, the instructions for use for Klacid SR tablets contain a fairly wide list of negative consequences of taking the medicine. However, it must be understood that the manufacturer is required to indicate all side effects that have ever occurred as a result of clinical trials. But in real reviews of "Klacid SR" there are very few complaints about the negative reactions of the body. It is also very rare that complications arise during treatment with the drug. Based on all the above information, an idea is formed about the maximum safety of tablets. These data are confirmed by pharmacists and practicing therapists.
The description of the drug always indicates that its effect is achieved only with a two-time intake (in the instructions for "Klacid SR 500" all the nuances of its administration are given as detailed as possible). However, to date, the medicine is produced in several forms. Just "Klacid SR" has a prolonged effect, so it can be drunk only once a day. Thanks to this, the drug acts even more efficiently, and the scheme of its administration becomes as simple as possible.
A few words about the form of release
The antibiotic "Klacid SR 500" was developed by a large Italian pharmaceutical company. It supplies quite a lot of drugs to the Russian market, and the company also has a wide network of representative offices. They are located in different countries and successfully produce modern and popular drugs. In addition to Italians, Klacid SR today is produced by American firms and one Russian company. Therefore, on sale you can find the drug of any of the listed manufacturers. Regardless of this, the tablets have identical appearance, dosage and packaging. This allows patients to purchase an antibiotic without worrying about the company manufacturing it.
Today, "Klacid SR" can be found in several forms. Each of them has a prolonged effect and is suitable for a specific category of patients. We will list all available release forms in this section of the article:
- Tablets "Klacid SR". The drug has an oval shape and a bright yellowish tint. Each tablet is coated with a special coating, so it does not need to be chewed when taken. The dosage of the drug may be different, depending on the prescription of the doctor, the patient can choose between 500 and 250 milligrams of the concentration of the active substance. Tablets are packaged in blisters, in one package there may be five, seven, ten or fourteen capsules. The local therapist always separately notes how much drug will be needed for the course of treatment. Therefore, the patient always knows exactly what kind of packaging he will look for in the pharmacy.
- Powder "Klacid SR". The use of this type of antibiotic is possible only after preparation. A white suspension of a thick and slightly viscous consistency is obtained from it. It is suitable for use by adults and children, which is described in detail in the instructions for use. "Klacid SR" in this form is packaged in bottles, usually a measuring spoon or syringe is present in the package. This allows you to accurately verify the dosage and makes taking the drug as convenient as possible.
- Powder "Klacid SR". The instructions for this form of the drug indicate that a solution is prepared from the powder. It is suitable for intravenous administration and in most cases is used only for the treatment of adult patients.
I would like to clarify that the prolonged action of the drug provides its chemical formula. The crystal structure of the antibiotic ensures that all active substances are gradually released and evenly distributed throughout the patient's body. As a result, a long-lasting antibacterial effect is created, allowing you to take the drug once a day.
The composition of the antibiotic
The instructions for use for "Klacid SR" (500 mg and other forms, as well as dosages) indicate its composition. It is worth noting that all commercially available types of the drug have the same main active substance, but the auxiliary components differ.
The basis of the Klacid SR antibiotic is clarithromycin. This substance has long been known and is widely used in medicine. It belongs to erythromycin derivatives and successfully destroys most microbial compounds. Moreover, the mechanism of its action does not imply the actual destruction of microorganisms, but an obstacle to their life. This is due to the connection with the elements of bacteria and stopping the production of protein. As a result, its synthesis becomes impossible, and pathogenic microflora perishes.
Based on the instructions for "Klacid CP 500", it is possible to identify microorganisms sensitive to the action of the antibiotic. Among them are the following groups:
- Gram-positive (pneumococci, Staphylococcus aureus, and so on).
- Gram-negative (gonococci, etc.).
- Mycoplasmas and mycobacteria.
The effectiveness of the drug in relation to these organisms is clinically proven, but there is evidence that the spectrum of action of the antibiotic is much wider. It is proved that the drug is harmful to pathogens of borelliosis, pertussis, a group of anaerobic bacteria, streptococci, aerobes and other microorganisms.
The concentration of the active substance in all forms of antibiotic release varies slightly. For example, Klacid SR contains five hundred milligrams of clarithromycin. Conventional Klacid tablets offer two dosage options - two hundred and fifty and five hundred milligrams of active substance. The concentration of clarithromycin in suspension is calculated on five milliliters of the drug, it is one hundred twenty and two hundred and fifty milligrams. Powder for injection has one dosage - five hundred milligrams per bottle.
Judging by the instructions for the use of "Klacid SR", there are a lot of auxiliary components in the preparation:
- talc;
- starch;
- silica;
- stearic acid and so on.
The composition of the suspension, in addition to the active component, includes:
- aromatic additives;
- sweeteners;
- carbomer;
- povidone;
- maltodextrin;
- titanium dioxide;
- hypromellose phthalate and the like.
The powder for the preparation of the solution contains almost no auxiliary substances. Therefore, we will not touch on this topic.
"Klacid SR" (500 mg): what the drug helps
We have already listed pathogenic microorganisms that are sensitive to the action of an antibiotic, but this information practically does not say anything to patients. Therefore, we decided to list the diseases in which the use of the drug is not only justified, but also gives the maximum possible result.
Among the problems that Klacid SR successfully copes with, the instructions indicate primarily diseases of the upper and lower respiratory tract. Moreover, it must be understood that all of them must be caused by an infectious infection. This group includes sinusitis, tonsillitis of a different nature, chronic and acute bronchitis, pneumonia and otitis media. Doctors also recommend this antibiotic for sinusitis.
In the case of inflammatory processes affecting the skin or soft tissues, Klacid SR will also be very effective. Among these problems, erysipelas and abscesses are most common.
Often, an antibiotic is prescribed as part of complex therapy against Helicobacter pylori. Usually, in this case, doctors prescribe several drugs that together give a good result in just one to two weeks. In the future, "Klacid SR" can be prescribed as a prophylaxis to prevent re-infection.
If you suffer from diseases caused by mycobacteria, then the antibiotic will be very effective in this case. In addition, it will help as a preventative measure.
Pharmacokinetics
Referring to the instructions for use and reviews of "Klacid SR", we can draw conclusions about its mechanism of action on the patient's body and the degree of penetration into the tissue. Pharmacists claim that the results of clinical studies have shown good absorption of the drug from the gastrointestinal tract. In this case, tablets can be drunk before and after meals. Food slightly slows down the absorption process, but does not significantly affect it. Therefore, doctors usually advise patients to focus on their condition. Since it is easier for some patients to tolerate a drug taken precisely after a meal, while others, on the contrary, try to drink a pill before breakfast.
"Klacid SR" (500 mg) penetrates perfectly into all tissues and body fluids, and the concentration of the active substance in them is much higher than in blood plasma - about ten times.
The metabolism of the drug occurs in the liver, usually not more than twenty percent of the active substance is metabolized. More than seventy percent of the antibiotic in the first hours after administration binds to blood proteins. The drug is excreted mainly through the kidneys, in this form, the body removes no more than forty percent of the components. About thirty percent leave the body through the intestines.
Depending on the dosage taken, the maximum concentration of a substance in the body is achieved between three and seven hours after ingestion.
Indications for use
From the instructions for "Klacid SR 500" and patient reviews about it, you can get the most reliable information about the diseases in which it is indicated for use. It should be borne in mind that this antibiotic is not sold without a doctor’s prescription, which means that the patient himself will not be able to prescribe it. "Klacid SR" refers to fairly strong drugs, and the recommendation of a local therapist is a prerequisite for its use.
So, the drug most effectively described by us with infectious diseases of the respiratory system. The list of such problems is quite wide: bronchiolitis, pharyngitis, tonsillitis and the like diseases. Usually the course of treatment does not exceed ten days, most often it is limited to five days.
Infectious and inflammatory tissue diseases that penetrate the subcutaneous tissue and cause purulent formations are quite difficult to treat even with antibiotics. Therefore, for people suffering from folliculitis, erysipelas and the like problems, it is very important to quickly choose an effective treatment. In recent years, doctors have prescribed patients with such diseases "Klacid SR 500". In reviews, patients often mention that the drug was very effective and that relief comes literally after a single pill.
Those who are diagnosed with HIV know that mycobacteria can cause serious harm. Therefore, to prevent such diseases, an antibiotic is prescribed. "Klacid SR" in these cases is prescribed more often than other drugs.
For infections of the oral cavity and teeth, therapists also prescribe the antibiotic that we describe. It may be the only prescribed drug or one of several. Therapy in such cases depends on the severity of the infection and its spread in the patient's oral cavity.
In recent years, doctors often prescribe Klacid SR for infections of the genitourinary tract. The antibiotic successfully suppresses microorganisms that cause ureaplasmosis, chlamydia, colpitis and other diseases. Usually it is tablets during the treatment process that are extremely effective. Suspension and injections with the listed infections are used much less often and only in case of absolute intolerance to the tablet form of the drug.
"Klacid SR": instructions for use
For adults and children, the dosage of the drug can only be determined by the attending physician, but this does not prevent patients from carefully studying the instructions enclosed in each package. Keep in mind that prolonged-release tablets are prescribed only to those whose body weight exceeds forty kilograms. Usually these are adults and adolescents over twelve years of age. If your child has reached the age when he can take Klacid CP tablets (500 mg), but his body weight is lower than the specified weight, then the doctor will never prescribe this form of the drug to a small patient.
Tablets must be washed down with plenty of water, while it is not recommended to chew, crush or grind them in any other way. Keep in mind that water must be non-carbonated. Otherwise, the absorption process will be slowed down.
The dosage of the drug does not depend on the patient's age, the local therapist focuses on the disease itself and the severity of its course. Most often, one tablet is prescribed per day, in which case the concentration of the active substance will be five hundred milligrams. If the infection is very severe, then you will need to double the dosage. In this case, the patient will take two tablets per day.
Persons with kidney failure should take the antibiotic with great care. The dosage for them is quite difficult to calculate, so usually doctors prescribe them half the usual daily dose for a single dose. But nevertheless, it is necessary to be under constant supervision of the attending physician in order to notice deviations in his condition in time.
Suspension
Despite the fact that today our article is devoted to "Klacid CP", we cannot but touch upon other forms of drug release. Therefore, we will talk about the dosage of each type of drug.
If you are prescribed a suspension, then keep in mind that it must be prepared in its entirety and stored for no more than two weeks. Since it is produced in bottles of fifty and one hundred milliliters, the amount of water needed to prepare the mixture should be exactly half the volume of the bottle.
The process of preparing the medicine is quite simple. You only need water and powder in the package, the mixed ingredients must be mixed well until a homogeneous, whitish mass is obtained. It has medium density and slightly viscous concentration. You can store the finished suspension only at room temperature, the temperature regime from fifteen to thirty degrees above zero will be ideal.
Measuring the desired dose of the suspension is quite simple thanks to a measuring spoon, adults and children can use this form of the drug. However, in fact, most often, the medicine in the form of a suspension is given specifically to children under twelve years of age. Adults will be uncomfortable to use a suspension, since several bottles are needed for the course of treatment.
The dosage for the child is calculated based on seven and a half milligrams of the drug per kilogram of the weight of a small patient. In order not to calculate the concentration of the antibiotic each time, there is a general table. We give it below.
If the baby suffers from infections caused by mycoplasma, then the above calculation scheme should be slightly modified. For one kilogram of weight, you can take from seven and a half to fifteen milligrams of suspension. In this case, you need to take an antibiotic twice a day.
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Who should not take the drug?
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It should be borne in mind that the antibiotic has obvious and relative contraindications. It is necessary to know about them not only to doctors, but also to the patients themselves. After all, not always all the diagnoses are indicated on the patient’s medical record. The list of absolute contraindications includes certain diseases and combinations with certain drugs:
- tachycardia and arrhythmia;
- past jaundice and hepatitis;
- lactose intolerance;
- low levels of potassium in the blood;
- taking an antibiotic along with drugs such as Astemizole, Ranolazine, Cisapride, and the like.
If you have the above problems, then the doctor will not prescribe you "Klacid SR 500", but analogues of this remedy. But there are relative contraindications, in which the patient should be under close medical supervision during treatment. Among these problems, the following can be calculated:
- low magnesium
- heart failure;
- low heart rate;
- concurrent administration of drugs that affect the auditory analyzer;
- taking anticoagulants.
If you regularly take any other drugs, you should definitely inform your doctor about this. The list of drugs with which the antibiotic is incompatible is quite extensive, so we will not give it as part of the article.
Negative reactions to antibiotic treatment
We have already clarified that the antibiotic we are describing is one of the safest. But still it is impossible not to list all the side effects that he caused in the process of clinical research.
The nervous system reacts most actively to taking pills. On her part, headaches, insomnia, fainting and dizziness are observed. In some cases, phenomena such as tremors, convulsions, regular nightmares, hallucinations, and confusion were noted. In some patients, increased irritability, cramps and numbness of the extremities were observed. Sometimes such reactions were accompanied by impaired motor skills of some internal organs.
Allergic reactions to Klacid SR are also possible. They can manifest themselves in the form of a rash, urticaria, edema and various dermatitis. Often these symptoms are accompanied by intolerable itching, which should be immediately reported to your doctor.
Sometimes patients who are undergoing antibiotic treatment experience excessive sweating. A similar effect is accompanied by the appearance of acne, after discontinuation of the drug it will take some time in order to return the skin to its previous state.
Often patients observe a decrease in appetite while taking pills. In severe cases, this can develop into anorexia. At the same time, the level of sugar in the blood decreases.
The gastrointestinal tract can also react sharply to the course of treatment. Negative effects are manifested in the form of nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, exacerbation of gastritis, bloating and other similar unpleasant symptoms. In certain situations, the development of hepatitis, exacerbation of cholecystitis and pancreatitis is possible. Regular dry mouth and discoloration of the oral mucosa can be added to this group of side effects.
It is extremely rare when taking "Klacida SR" that muscle pains and cramps, as well as asthmatic attacks, were observed.
Some patients complain of ongoing tinnitus, hearing loss and a change in taste preferences during treatment. During clinical trials, people with cardiovascular diseases noted frequent attacks of tachycardia and other abnormalities, including a sharp expansion of the circulatory system.
Among other negative effects, general malaise is noted, accompanied by increased fatigue, fever and chills. In parallel, candidiasis, vaginal infections, and even infectious cellulitis can occur.
However, we repeat once again that all of the listed side effects are more likely exceptions, because the drug very rarely causes negative consequences. The appearance of such reactions of the body should be the reason for an unscheduled visit to the doctor who will conduct an examination and make a decision on the continuation of treatment.
Antibiotic Analogs
“Klacid SR” has a lot of analogs, but, besides them, the drug also has synonyms. We will tell you about the difference between these tools. Since the active substance of the antibiotic is clarithromycin, all products based on it are considered synonymous with “Klacid”. There are more than twenty types of similar drugs in Russian pharmacies. Among the most common and popular are:
- Lekoklar.
- Kispar.
- Ecositrin.
- Clarbact.
- "Coater."
The funds transferred have different costs and can be assigned instead of “Klacid SR” if it is impossible to accept the original. It is worth noting that in pharmacy chains its cost ranges from three hundred to one thousand rubles. This range is due to the different number of tablets in the package. The larger their number, the higher the price. However, such packages are more beneficial than with a minimum number of tablets.
Analogs of "Klacid SR" are those drugs that have an identical therapeutic effect, but other active substances. About fifty of such medicines are produced. Doctors can always choose the most suitable drug for patients based on the severity of the disease and individual perception of the components. Therapists most often prescribe the following analogues:
- "Sumamed."
- "Roksolit".
- Elrox.
- "Ketek."
All of these drugs, like the original, can not be taken without a doctor’s prescription. This rule applies to all antibiotics, because their uncontrolled intake can significantly harm the already weakened organism.