The use of uric acid medications for gout helps to prevent the further development of pathology, contributes to the process of regression of tofuses, which are deposits of urate salts under the skin. Doctors advise starting the use of drugs only between attacks. In the case when a gouty attack occurs against the background of basic treatment, drug therapy should not be canceled. During the fight against the disease, you should drink plenty of fluids and adhere to a strict diet. This will avoid complications and relapses.
Gout development
Gout is understood as a multifactorial lesion of the body, provoked by a disorder of protein metabolism, hyperuricemia, excessive accumulation of uric acid salts in the internal organs and tissues of the joints. The specified process provokes the development of inflammation, subsequent destructive-sclerotic deformation.
Urates mainly accumulate in the joint zone and nearby tissues, which can be explained by the peculiarities of blood circulation in this area. The bone joint itself does not have a vascular system, and therefore there is a dense capillary network around it, which is necessary for proper blood supply to the surfaces of the joints.
Crystallization
Due to this characteristic of the body, a large number of uric acid salts penetrate into the tissues of the periarticular type, where they crystallize, which entails an acute inflammatory process called gout.
The destructive effect of uric acid does not end there. Due to the excessive accumulation of urates in the bloodstream during normal excretion, they sooner or later appear in the urine. Since urine has the property of cumulation in the renal pelvis and urinary organ, the salts in these areas begin to coalesce into fairly large joints and form stones. As a result, the patient begins to develop a severe form of gout, complicated by nephrotic syndrome.
Provocative factors
What increases uric acid?
The main factors leading to the accumulation of uric acid in the body:
- Pathologies of the skin, circulatory system, other diseases that directly affect the activity of mixed secretion glands.
- Weak or low physical activity leads to circulatory disturbances, as a result of which salt deposition is observed.
- Abnormal, malnutrition. The prevalence of spicy, fatty foods in the diet, a deficiency of trace elements, overeating, and alcohol abuse lead to an imbalance in mineral metabolism.
Consider a cure for uric acid.
Medication for gout
Anti-gout medications are a group of drugs that are intended to be used to normalize the processes of uric acid metabolism between periods of attacks. In addition, they are used to prevent the development of relapses.
According to the mechanisms of action, anti-gout drugs are divided into several large groups:
- Uricodepressive drugs.
- Uricosuric agents.
- Combined medicines.
Such a classification allows the most optimal way to use the pharmacological properties of drugs and to select a therapeutic regimen taking into account a certain kind of pathology.
For example, in case of renal gout, specialists give preference to uricosuric medicines, and when metabolic - to uricodepressants. In the case when the patient has a mixed type of gout, the use of combination drugs is indicated.
How to get rid of uric acid in the body is interesting to many. Uricosuric drugs are able to inhibit the process of reverse absorption of uric acid salts in the nephron tubules, and facilitate the removal of sodium monourates through the kidneys. Their effect is based on alkalization of urine by exposure to citrate ions.
Weakening of reabsorption does not entail significant transformations, if we consider the total diuresis of the patient. However, the prolonged use of uricosurics can reduce the intensity and number of gouty attacks, and contribute to the breakdown of accumulated uric acid salts.
Most popular remedies
The most popular uric acid medications among uricosurists are:
- "Antoran."
- "Flexin".
- Ketazone.
- Atofan.
- "Urodan."
- Aspenorm.
Uricosuric drug therapy appears to be consistent in approximately 80% of patients suffering from gout. In the absence of a result, we can conclude that the patient most likely does not tolerate the drug used very well or does not fully comply with medical recommendations. The reason for the low effectiveness of therapy can also lie in renal pathologies.
With tofus gout, when the concentration of urates exceeds 7 mg / 100 ml, reabsorption preparations will certainly be useless. If the patient has calculi, then such funds are completely prohibited. In addition, they are able to stimulate the process of urolithiasis, which further worsens renal function.
Starting therapy with uricosuricans, it should be borne in mind that with increased excretion, the likelihood of the formation of urinary calculi and the occurrence of a gouty attack is significantly increased.
The negative effects of drugs can be mitigated by consuming a large amount of liquid, as well as mineral waters and soda solutions that actively alkalize the body.
Which uric acid medicine to choose?
Drug Overview
Most of the uricosuric medicines are available in two pharmacological forms: an injection solution intended for intramuscular administration, and tablets. The tablets are convenient for home use, and the injection form of the drugs is more suitable for the treatment of gout in an inpatient setting.
Among the reabsorbing drugs offered by the pharmaceutical market, experts single out some that are distinguished by their safety, effectiveness and applicability to most patients.
"Probenecid"
They are perhaps the most famous uric acid tablets of the uricosuric group. In addition to the fact that under the influence of the medication, the renal clearance increases, it also has some analgesic effect, helps to reduce the inflammatory process in the joints.
Take the drug twice a day. Each week, the dosage is increased by half a milligram. A day you can take no more than 3 grams of the active substance.
"Probenecid" is tolerated quite well, in some cases, patients note the occurrence of gastric disorders, fever, hypotension, allergic manifestations. The main disadvantage of Probenecid is its frequent resistance to its active substance.
Adenurik
As the instructions for use for "Adenurik" indicate, the main active component of the medication is febuxostat, under the influence of which the level of urate in the joints and uric acid in the blood decreases. This is an effective way to prevent relapse of the pathology.
Take the medicine once a day at a dose of 80 mg. Receptions can be carried out regardless of food intake. In the absence of the desired effect, after a month of therapy, a dosage increase to 120 mg is recommended. The duration of Adenuricom therapy, according to the instructions for use, is six months, after which you should consult a rheumatologist.
This medication is characterized by a rather extensive series of side symptoms, including renal failure, skin rashes, heartburn, xerostomia, abdominal pain, menopausal hot flashes, increased blood pressure, atrial fibrillation on the ECG, tinnitus, as well as taste distortion, paresthesia, irritability, insomnia, weight gain, decreased appetite, blurred gaze, increased TSH, thrombocytopenia, pancytopenia.
Other medicines
The pharmaceutical industry is developing, and therefore, periodically new, more effective drugs to combat gout. Thanks to them, you can quickly eliminate painful symptoms, reduce the likelihood of complications. In addition, against the background of their use, negative effects are less likely to develop.
One of these drugs is Ketasone, which acts on the body in a complex way: it has a painkiller, anti-inflammatory effect, reduces the concentration of uric acid, and helps its excretion by the kidneys.
Another active uricosuric medication is Benzbromaron. Separately, it is worth noting its positive effect at the level of the kidneys. It slows down the reabsorption of urates, has a short list of contraindications, and practically does not provoke negative symptoms.
The medicine for elevated uric acid should be prescribed by a doctor.
Mixed Type Drugs
In addition to medicines with directed action, experts sometimes recommend the use of anti-gout medications with a wide range of effects. In these drugs, the properties of uricosurics and uricostatics are combined, which allows a complex effect on pathology.
There are not many combined funds. Among them, Urodan and Allorman are worth highlighting. Allorman effectively normalizes purine metabolism; Urodan is effective in treating gouty kidneys.
Uricodepressive medicines
The mechanism of action of drugs in this group is fundamentally different. The essence of their effect is that they block xanthine oxidase, an enzyme that is a catalyst for the synthesis of uric acid.
The best way to restrain the crystal formation process is Allopurinol for gout.
The drug "Allopurinol"
One of the most effective drugs to fight gout. The medication allows you to stop acute attacks, it can also be used for prevention.
Allopurinol should be taken in the doses recommended by the doctor. They begin therapy, as a rule, with minimal dosages. After a few days of use, uric acid levels are reduced, and after a few weeks they are normalized. A hallmark of the drug is the development of a lasting result after six months of use. When it occurs, the dosage of the drug is reduced and it is used further only to maintain the result.
Allopurinol is tolerated with gout quite well, but in some cases it can cause the following negative symptoms: a depressed state; pressure surges; visual impairment; hyperglycemia; hepatitis; anemia; fever; swelling; allergy.
It is also possible to reduce the production of sodium salts by the use of such medicines:
- "Orotic acid." It reduces the production of uric acid salts and at the same time accelerates the process of their excretion from the body. It is notable for its rather low efficiency, therefore its use is advisable only at the initial stages of the disease.
- "Hepatocatalase."
- Thiopurinol. In its therapeutic effect, it is similar to Allopurinol, but it is much less tolerated by patients.
What other methods are available for removing uric acid from the body?
Folk ways
There are also a number of alternative methods for removing uric acid from the body, as a rule, they are based on the use of medicinal herbs. The possibility of using alternative methods should be discussed with the treating rheumatologist.
The following recipes are most effective:
- Decoction based on burdock roots. It should be boiled with boiling water 50 grams of burdock roots, the remedy should be taken once or twice a day for a tablespoon.
- Chopped horseradish broth. It is necessary to grind a kilogram of horseradish, pour it with cold water. After this, the product is boiled, filtered, honey is added to it. Take the broth every day once in a glass. The duration of such therapy is a week.
- Strawberry Juice. Grate a kilogram of strawberries, mix with sugar. The juice is filtered and taken several times a day.
Herbs for uric acid excretion need to be taken for a long time, then the effect will be more noticeable.
It is important to remember that the use of alternative recipes does not always give the necessary result, therefore, such therapy should be coordinated with the doctor and used only as an adjunct to medical treatment.
We examined drugs for the excretion of uric acid.