There are such cases that the mucous membrane of the digestive system begins to grow, and this can last for years. Such a pathology is called polyps; they grow in the lumen of a hollow organ, holding on to a wide base. They are formed anywhere in the digestive tract, but most often the colon is affected.
Basically, polyps are detected by chance when examining a patient for other reasons. Due to the fact that after some time, such neoplasms can turn into a malignant tumor, they are considered as a precancerous disease that requires constant monitoring, and, if necessary, removal. Polyp in the intestine, symptoms and treatment of this pathology will be discussed in the article.
Varieties of polyps
This type of disease is multiple or discrete. Multiple formation is characterized by the presence of about 100 or more polyps. In this case, diffuse polyposis is diagnosed, in which there is a high probability of developing a cancerous tumor. A discrete view is manifested by the presence of one or more polyps located at a small distance from each other.
The most common form of polyp formation is adenomatous, which most often develops into cancer. This type of polyps is glandular, villous and glandular-villous.
Juvenile polyps most often form in adolescence, but can also be in older people. They are formed from embryonic tissue residues and often have a leg. If such a polyp begins to bleed, this indicates its rupture or rejection, as well as the twisting of the legs. Juvenile polyps are generally recommended for removal.
The hyperplastic type of pathology rarely develops into cancer. Most often it is found in the rectum. The hamartomic appearance arises from normal or disproportionately developed tissues.
Causes of Polyps
Quite often, doctors diagnose such an ailment as a polyp in the intestine. The causes of the disease can be very different, but most often this leads to malnutrition and the presence of bad habits. If a person consumes too much animal fats, fried and fatty foods, and at the same time there is practically no seafood, fresh vegetables and fruits, and fiber in his diet, then after some time polyps of the large intestine may appear.
According to scientists, barbecue and barbecue are considered very harmful products. If the meat is cooked in this way, then carcinogens and other harmful substances that contribute to the appearance of cancer cells begin to form in it. When cooking meat in another way, the formation of carcinogens occurs during the digestion of food in small quantities.
Smoking is directly related to the onset of this disease. The risk of developing polyps in passive smokers is also high.
A sedentary lifestyle, constipation, overweight, alcohol abuse - all this is also the cause of outgrowths.
Symptoms of the disease
It is quite difficult to detect an intestinal polyp in the early stages. The symptoms and treatment of this disease attract the special attention of doctors, since it manifests itself only with severe damage to the mucous layer. It is worth the alarm in the following cases:
- If there is a large amount of mucus in the feces or blood of scarlet color. These are signs of polyps in the intestines. Mucus secretions can be too strong, as a result of which electrolyte disorders can develop, leading to arrhythmias and dehydration.
- If the intestinal lumen is narrowed quite significantly, then often there are colic, cramping pains and partial obstruction. The chair may become lumpy.
- Also, if there are intestinal polyps, the symptoms and their manifestation may resemble the symptoms of hemorrhoids. There is anal itching, and a weeping occurs near the anus.
- In addition, signs of polyps in the intestine may be indicated by complete intestinal obstruction, which is characterized by lack of stool, intoxication, and severe pain. In this case, an immediate examination by the surgeon and surgical intervention are required.
Thus, if a person does not suspect that he has intestinal polyps, symptoms and manifestation this disease directly indicate this. Therefore, postponing your visit to the doctor is extremely undesirable.
How is the disease diagnosed?
Since polyps in the intestine can be detected only as a result of the examination, patients belonging to the risk group should undergo medical observation every year .
Using sigmoidoscopy, doctors study the rectal mucosa and the distal part of the colon. Before the procedure, the gastrointestinal tract is cleaned with an enema.
Colonoscopy allows you to assess the condition of the colon mucosa. If necessary, the doctor can take tissue samples at the same time as an examination to examine under a microscope. This should be preceded by serious preparation. The patient is forbidden to eat 12 hours before the manipulation, and the day before that he should drink the drug “Fortrans”. It cleanses the intestines remarkably, which helps to improve visualization during colonoscopy.
X-ray examination using barium contrast allows you to determine how narrow the lumen of the intestine overgrowth of the mucosa throughout its entire length. The contrast is injected with an enema, after which the doctor takes a series of shots. But this method does not allow to determine the benignness or malignancy of the polyp.
Computed tomography provides more detailed information. During the study, the doctor is also able to determine the relationship of the neoplasm with the surrounding tissues.
In addition, feces are examined to find hidden blood in it. Since this is a rather complex disease - a polyp in the intestine, symptoms and treatment depend on the nature of the course of this pathology.
Polyp Treatment
Traditional medicine usually involves the surgical removal of polyps in the intestines, but doctors can choose a wait-and-see tactic. In this case, the doctor simply observes the growth of the neoplasm. This is possible if there are no obvious symptoms, the outgrowths are small in size or are benign. In all other cases, polyps are recommended to be removed.
Surgical intervention
Depending on the size and structure of the polyp in the intestine, the operation provided in this case can be carried out in different ways.
The method of loop electrocoagulation is used if it is necessary to remove the outgrowth on a thin leg. In this case, using a special loop, they capture the polyp, and then a current is passed through it. This leads to the destruction of tissues and coagulation of blood vessels, and the polyp is separated from the base. This procedure is called electroexcision and is carried out through an endoscope. With a large tumor, it is removed in parts. Possible complications are bleeding and perforation of the wall.
Removal of polyps in the intestine is also carried out through laparotomy or laparoscopic incisions. Such a procedure is shown if there is a suspicion of the presence of malignant cells when it is necessary to remove the affected area of the intestine within healthy tissues.
If there are a lot of polyps over a large intestine, then the surgeons also perform a bowel resection, after which an anastomosis is applied between the sections of the gastrointestinal tract that remain.
Is the forecast favorable in the future?
The tendency to form polyps in the intestine can persist until the end of life. Even if the operation was successful, the risk of developing a relapse of this disease is high. Also during life, the tissue from which the polyp is formed can undergo a transformation, as a result of which benign cells are transformed into malignant. For colorectal cancer to develop , it takes at least 10 years, and this process is irreversible. An exception is congenital disorders of embryogenesis, in which neoplasms usually do not grow after removal.
How to get rid of polyps in the intestines using traditional medicine?
It is necessary to be treated for this trouble immediately when it is detected. Otherwise, very sad consequences may occur. Alternative treatment helps to avoid surgical intervention. The intestinal polyp not only stops its growth, but can also completely disappear.
Herbal harvest
For the infusion, such medicinal herbs are used as white mistletoe, celandine, bedstraw, buckthorn, backache, goldenrod, clover. The collection spoon must be insisted in half a liter of boiled water for about 30 minutes, and then drain the liquid. Drink one day, before meals, three times a day.
Take St. John's wort, birch leaves, yarrow and chamomile. The resulting infusion is poured into the basin, after which it is necessary to sit in it and steam for 2 hours. If it cools down, then boiling water should be added. After the procedure, the finger is greased with sea buckthorn oil and injected into the anus. Repeat three times.
Beetroot juice
Such juice contains substances with antitumor properties. Every day, 100 ml of fresh drink should be taken three times a day. You can mix it with any fruit or vegetable juice.
Garlic
It helps to destroy the infection, as it contains a large number of components that can fight bacteria. With polyps, you should definitely include garlic in your diet.
Milk Carrot Drink
Milk with carrot juice and honey is a wonderful medicine that eliminates inflammation and prevents the growth of polyps. In addition, the drink has a laxative effect, which is good for constipation, which often bother with such a disease. Carrot juice must be fresh. To make a drink, take a spoonful of honey, half a glass of milk and a quarter cup of carrot juice.
Celandine enemas
This herb does a great job with tumors. However, it has toxic properties, therefore, during treatment, care should be taken and in no case exceed the recommended dose. An infusion is prepared from fresh grass and introduced into the rectum. It is necessary to keep it in yourself for about an hour. For greater effectiveness, a cleansing enema is performed before the procedure. In total, you need to carry out 10 procedures every other day.
Viburnum tea
Such a drink helps the resorption of polyps. Use it several times a day instead of tea. Use dried or fresh berries, and for taste you can add natural honey.
Output
Now you have learned what the polyp in the intestine is, the symptoms and treatment of this disease. It became clear that this disease is diagnosed very difficultly and usually in an already neglected state, when only surgery can help. In order to prevent the occurrence of such a pathology, it is necessary to lead a healthy lifestyle and eat right.