"Sultasin" is an antibiotic that belongs to the group of penicillins. The composition contains a beta-lactamase inhibitor. Many bacteria are sensitive to the drug, it is intended for systemic use.
In what form is the drug produced, what is present in its composition?
The medicine is available in powder. This is the basis for creating the solution with which injections are made. A different amount of powder may be in the bottle - 0.75 or 1.5 g. The active components are used in the form of a sodium salt, the composition contains two main ingredients - sulbactam and ampicillin, each of which contains 250 and 500 mg in one bottle.
Drug action
"Sultasin" instructions for use displays as a bactericidal antibiotic resistant to acids. The drug prevents the synthesis of peptidoglycan, due to which the cell wall of microorganisms does not develop.
Ampicillin is a semi-synthetic antibiotic, it has a bactericidal effect, disrupts the formation of bacterial cell walls, as a result of which further reproduction of microorganisms does not occur. Ampicillin is not destroyed by acids.
Sulbactam is a beta-lactamase inhibitor, has no antibacterial effect, and has an effect on stable beta-lactamase strains.
The drug is used to treat conditions caused by anaerobic bacteria, gram-negative and gram-positive microorganisms, it is able to destroy some of their species. When exposed to pathogens that do not produce beta-lactamase, the activity of the drug "Sultasin" instructions for use equates to the action exerted by ampicillin alone.
Pharmacokinetics
After use, the drug is found in almost all fluids and tissues of the human body. In the presence of inflammatory processes, the permeability of the drug to the cerebrospinal fluid significantly increases.
As a result of the administration of the drug intramuscularly and intravenously, the active substances are present in the blood in high concentrations. Partial elimination of the drug is carried out within one hour. Its removal from the body is carried out by the kidneys, most of the Sultasin product (from 70 to 80%) has an unchanged shape. Also, the elimination of the drug part is carried out by the liver. The medicine is found in breast milk, which can violate the boundaries of the placental barrier. The main components undergo minimal metabolism, about 25% of Sultasin is excreted as metabolites.
Indications
The drug "Sultasin" instructions for use recommends use in such conditions:
- infections affecting the ENT organs and respiratory system;
- meningitis;
- infectious processes in which joints and bones are affected;
- sepsis;
- damage to the digestive tract and biliary tract caused by bacteria;
- peritonitis;
- skin lesions, soft tissue lesions;
- septic endocarditis;
- infections in which the genitals and urinary tract are affected;
- gonococcal infectious process;
- scarlet fever.
Also, the drug is suitable for preventive measures aimed at preventing postoperative complications. The medicine is used in infectious processes, the causative agent of which is bacteria sensitive to it, and in order to prevent the development of negative processes after surgical interventions, during which the necessary manipulations were performed in the pelvis and on the abdominal organs.
Contraindications
"Sultasin" instructions for use does not allow the use of infectious mononucleosis, hypersensitivity and during breastfeeding.
When using the drug in pregnant women, special care is required, as in the treatment of patients with renal failure or liver.
Dosage of the drug, treatment with its use
The medication is administered intravenously and intramuscularly. The introduction of funds should be slow. With intravenous use, treatment is performed for five to seven days. If there is a need for the implementation of additional therapy, in the future the solution is administered intramuscularly.
The ratio of active substances - ampicillin and sulbactam - is 2: 1. If the infectious process is defined as a mild, the necessary dose, which is in the range from 1.5 to 3 g, is administered by dividing the Sultasin preparation in two. The instruction for the use of injections for moderate disease recommends doing three to four times, while 3 to 6 g of the drug should be used per day. The severe course of the infectious process requires the introduction of 12 g of the drug with the same frequency as in the previous case.
When gonorrhea has no complications, 1.5 g of the drug, which is administered once, is enough. Newborns, whose age does not exceed one week, and children who are premature, are injected with an interval of 12 hours Sultasin solution. Instructions for use for children recommend prescribing 150 mg of the drug per each kilogram of the child’s weight. This is a daily dose, which includes ampicillin and sulbactam in the amount of 100 and 50 mg / kg, respectively. During the treatment period, the required dose of the drug is administered to the child daily for three to four times.
To prevent the occurrence of complications, specialists use 1.5-3 g of the drug during anesthesia, later (within a day after the operation) the same dose of the drug is used, but not once, but with an interval of 6-8 hours.
Treatment takes from about five days to fourteen. When all the symptoms of the disease have disappeared, and the body temperature is normal, treatment is carried out for another two days.
A more rare introduction of the Sultasin medication is recommended for use in patients with renal failure occurring in chronic form with a clearance of 30 ml / min.
Solution preparation
If you plan to perform parenteral administration of the drug, the solution immediately after preparation is administered to the patient. If Sultasin is to be administered intramuscularly, the powder is diluted with water for injection in an amount of 2 (a smaller bottle) or 4 ml (a bottle containing 1.5 g of dry product), depending on the amount of powder. You can apply another solution. The injection tool should be prepared by a specialist, since only he can do it most correctly.
The preparation of the solution in a single dose, necessary for intravenous administration, requires the use of sodium chloride or glucose 5%.
Side effects
Is Sultasin assigned to you? Instructions for use, reviews note the risk of developing negative reactions of the body from some of its systems, such as digestive, central nervous system. There may be disturbances in the functioning of the hematopoietic organs, allergic reactions may occur and some laboratory parameters may change. Some patients have local reactions, with intravenous administration - phlebitis, when using another method of administration - pain at the injection site. Among other disorders are the consequences caused by long therapy (candidiasis, superinfection).
Overdose
High doses of the drug can lead to epileptic convulsive conditions, the elimination of which requires the discontinuation of the drug and the use of salt laxatives, so that the water-electrolyte balance is at the right level, as well as symptomatic therapy.
special instructions
It is worth familiarizing yourself with the characteristics of the Sultasin preparation (instructions for use, description) for those who are prone to the development of allergic reactions, since when combined with cephalosporin antibiotics and hypersensitivity to penicillins, there is a risk of a cross allergic reaction.
Treatment with a course requires regular monitoring of the condition of the kidneys, liver and the functioning of the blood. In cases where there has been an increase in the growth of microflora sensitive to the drug, the patient may have the presence of superinfection. In such situations, necessary changes are introduced into the treatment regimen.
During sepsis therapy, a bacteriolysis reaction may occur. The possibility of combining "Sultasin" with other medicines should be obtained from a specialist.
Analogs, reviews
If the instructions for use do not allow the use of Sultasin, analogues such as Unazin, which is a substitute for the active substance, Sulbacin, Sulacillin and Ampisid, are chosen by the attending physician, taking into account the patient’s health status. Sometimes the analogue brings much more benefit than the original, as it is more suitable for the patient and corresponds to the characteristics of his body.
Buyers are satisfied with the price of the drug, but many are scared by the large number of adverse reactions. According to reviews, in cases where the medicine was used by women during pregnancy, there was no negative effect on the health status of the child. Some patients show minor adverse reactions. To avoid them or they were slightly expressed, it is necessary to carry out adequate treatment with Sultasin. Instructions for use for children allow therapy using this drug, however, judging by the reviews, in some cases severe complications occur, severe side effects are observed, and other treatments have to be performed.