"Mesatone" is a drug that has an alpha-adrenomimetic and vasoconstrictor effect.
The manufacturer produces the drug in two pharmacological forms:
- Eye drops. Packaged in dropper bottles, each of which contains 5 ml of the drug. Instruction for drops "Mesaton" is available in each pack.
- A solution intended for injection in ampoules, each of which holds 1 ml of the drug. In a cardboard box there are 10 ampoules and an ampoule scarifier (cutting ceramic disk).
The composition of this drug
According to the instructions for use with Mesaton drops, each milliliter contains phenylephrine, which is the active component, in an amount of 25 mg. As auxiliary components are: purified water, edetate disodium, macrogol, decamethoxin.
Each milliliter of injection contains 10 mg of phenylephrine hydrochloride. As additional components are used: injection water and glycerin.
According to its pharmacological group, Mesaton is an alpha-adrenergic agonist. Also, the vasoconstrictor effect is characteristic of the drug.
Indications for use
As the instructions to "Mesaton" indicate, the drug is used by ophthalmologists to treat the following pathological conditions:
- Combined therapy for accommodation spasm in pediatric patients.
- Reducing irritation and hyperemia in the presence of red eye syndrome.
- In order to conduct provocative tests in patients with a narrow angle profile in the anterior chamber of the eye and suspected presence of angle-closure glaucoma.
- Dilation of the eye pupil for the purpose of diagnosis during procedures that allow to determine the condition of the posterior ocular region, also for laser operations and vitreoretinal surgical treatment.
- With iridocyclitis, anterior uveitis (prevention of occurrence and therapy of posterior adhesions, decreased exudation on the iris, asthenopia).
Also, in accordance with the instructions "Mesaton" parenterally used:
- With arterial hypotension.
- In case of shock, including traumatic and toxic shock.
- With a vascular form of insufficiency, which can occur in cases of overdose with drugs with a vasodilating effect.
- As a vasoconstrictor when applying local anesthesia.
Intranasally, the drug can be prescribed for the treatment of vasomotor or allergic rhinitis.
Contraindications to the use of a medication
As the instructions to Mesaton inform us, the use of the drug is strictly contraindicated if the patient has:
- Hypersensitivity to any component of the drug.
- Ventricular fibrillation.
- Hypertrophy accompanying obstructive cardiomyopathy.
- Pheochromocytosis.
In accordance with the instructions for use, Mesaton eye drops should not be used in the presence of the following conditions:
- Violation of the integrity of the bottom of the eye, violation of the process of secretion of tears, congenital deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, hepatic porphyria.
- Hyperthyroidism, thyrotoxicosis.
- An insulin-dependent form of diabetes.
- Tachycardia, aneurysms, hypertension and other significant disorders of the CVS.
- Glaucoma in a closed-angle or narrow-angle form.
Cautious drug intake
It is important to exercise caution when prescribing "Mesaton" to patients:
- Those in childhood or old age.
- If it is supposed to use fluorotan (general) anesthesia, with impaired renal function.
- With occlusive vascular diseases (including, if any, a history) - with arterial thromboembolism, atherosclerosis, thromboangiitis obliterans (Buerger's disease), Raynaud's disease, tendency to vascular spasms.
- With diabetes mellitus, diabetic endarteritis, with frostbite, with the joint use of drugs that inhibit monoamine oxidase.
- With ventricular arrhythmias, tachycardia.
- With myocardial infarction in acute form.
- With stenosis of the aortic mouth in severe form.
- With hypovolemia.
- With hypertensive disorders in the pulmonary circulation, with arterial hypertension.
- With atrial fibrillation.
- With hypoxia.
- With hypercapnia.
- With metabolic acidosis.
It is allowed to use the ophthalmic form of "Mesaton" for the purpose of treating children (except for newborns and having low body weight).
Instructions for use with "Mesaton" confirms this.
Negative impact
Against the background of the use of the drug, the following negative reactions may develop:
- Allergic manifestations.
- Ischemic changes in the skin at the injection point.
- Local occurrence of scabs in contact with tissues.
- Blanching of the skin of the face.
- Cramps.
- Tremor.
- Hemorrhages in the brain.
- Paresthesia
- Headaches.
- Anxiety.
- Weakness.
- Insomnia.
- Feeling of fear.
- Dizziness.
- Bradycardia
- Cardialgia
- Arrhythmia.
- Cardiopalmus.
- Ventricular fibrillation.
- Increased blood pressure.
When using eye drops, the development of undesirable reactions from the organs of vision, manifested in the form of reactive myosis, lacrimation, increased pressure inside the eyeball, discomfort, irritation, blurred vision, reactive hyperemia, burning, is not excluded.
Using
According to the instructions for use with "Mesaton", eye drops are used for instillation. Patients should be injected into each conjunctival sac 1 drop of funds.
Inkjet or intravenous injection should be slow.
With collapse, intravenous administration of a one percent solution of the drug in an amount of up to 0.5 ml is indicated, dilution is carried out using a 0.9% sodium chloride solution in an amount of 20 ml, or 5% dextrose solution. In some cases, there is a need for repeated administration of the drug.
The instructions for the "Mesaton" in ampoules must be strictly observed.
If intravenous drip is carried out, 1 ml of a 1% solution with a dextrose solution in an amount of up to 0.5 liter and with a dosage of 5% should be used.
For intramuscular and subcutaneous injections, up to 1 ml of a 1% solution of Mesaton is used. Injections should be carried out three times a day. Patients from 15 years old with arterial hypotension, when conducting spinal anesthesia, use the drug in an amount of up to 1 mg / kg body weight.
In order to eliminate the inflammatory process and narrow the lumen of the blood vessels located in the mucous membranes, it is recommended to carry out lubrication or instillation using 0.125-1% solutions.
When conducting local anesthesia, up to 0.5 ml of a one percent solution is used, which is added to 10 ml of the anesthetic drug.
The maximum allowed to use is up to 0.01 g for intramuscular and subcutaneous administrations to adult patients, while the total daily dosage should not exceed 0.05 g.
So it is said in the instructions for use with "Mesaton" in ampoules.
Overdose
The clinical picture in case of an overdose develops as follows: the patient develops ventricular extrasystole, blood pressure significantly decreases, manifestations of ventricular tachycardia of a paroxysmal type are noted, and heaviness in the head and extremities is manifested.
Overdose therapy involves the administration of Phentolamine or other alpha-blockers to the patient. If cardiac arrhythmias are present, the use of beta-blockers is advisable.
Interaction with other medicines
As indicated by the instructions to "Mesaton", when used concurrently with antihypertensive or diuretic drugs, a decrease in the antihypertensive effect of the latter is observed. Thus, you should not combine Mesoton with Mekamelamin, Methyldopa, Guanethidine, Guanadrel.
With complex use with alpha-adrenergic blockers and phenothiazines, a decrease in hypertensive effect is noted.
The arrhythmogenicity and pressor effect of Mesaton is significantly enhanced if it is used in conjunction with adrenostimulants, methylphenidate, tricyclic antidepressants, ergot alkaloids, oxytocin, selegin, procarbazine, furazolidone and other MAO inhibitors.
With the parallel use of beta-blockers, a decrease in pacemaking activity is noted, when taken with riserpine, arterial hypertension develops, which occurs as a result of depletion of the catecholamine depot.
When using inhaled anesthetics such as methoxyflurane, isoflurane, halothane, enflurane, chloroform, the risk of developing ventricular and severe atrial arrhythmias increases, as the sensitivity of the myocardium to sympathomimetics increases sharply.
The severity of the vasoconstrictor effect is increased when used together with doxapram, oxytocin, methylergometrine, ergotamine, ergometrine.
When using nitrates, a decrease in their antianginal effect is observed. As a result, the pressor effect of sympathomimetics decreases and the risk of developing arterial hypotension increases.
The use of thyroid hormones leads to a mutual potentiation of effects and the risk of coronary insufficiency. This exacerbates the condition of patients with coronary atherosclerosis.
The mydriatic effect of phenylephrine increases in the presence of atropine.
The instruction for Mesaton in drops for eyes and ampoules does not end there.
Special instructions for use
The entire period of therapy is important to monitor blood pressure, ECG, blood flow per minute, blood circulation at the injection site and in the extremities.
At the beginning and during the treatment of shock conditions, it is necessary to correct acidosis, hypovolemia, hypercapnia, hypoxia.
In the treatment of medications, it is recommended to refrain from carrying out work related to driving vehicles and complex mechanisms.
Analogs
If necessary, Mesaton can be replaced by one of the following analogues: Visofrin, Irifrin BK, Nazol, Neosinephrine-POS, Relief, Phenylephrine hydrochloride. Any replacement of the drug should be agreed with a specialist.
Reviews
Patient reviews about the experience of using Mesaton are varied, but most users report that the ophthalmic form of the drug often provokes negative reactions. The effectiveness of the drug is also in question - some patients are satisfied with the effect, while others report its complete absence.
It is important to understand that the use of this drug, like any other medication, must be agreed with the doctor, otherwise the patient's condition and the development of negative reactions are not ruled out.
We reviewed the instructions for "Mesaton" in eye drops and ampoules.