Causes and stages of chronic renal failure

Chronic renal failure is a violation of the kidneys for at least 3 months. The main cause of this disease is the death of nephrons and the accumulation of toxins such as urea, creatinine and uric acid. First, let's look at the causes of, and then the stage of chronic renal failure.

1. Chronic glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis.

2. Kidney damage caused by diabetes, hypertension, hepatitis B and C, gout or malaria.

3. Response to drugs and toxic substances.

4. Bladder problems.

Now let's look at the stages of chronic renal failure.

There are several classifications of this disease, but we consider only one of them, according to Lopatkin.

The following stages of CRF are distinguished by creatinine (more precisely, by its content in the blood):

1. Stage 1 is called latent. Creatinine is not much more than normal: 1.6 mg / dl with a norm of 1.2. Chronic renal failure (stage 1) occurs without symptoms. This reduces the synthesis of ammonia, osmolarity of urine. As for the renogram, it changes insignificantly. Most often, the disease is detected by chance during the examination.
2. 2-A stage is called polyuric or compensated. Creatinine is already 2.7 mg / dl. Compensation is due to the liver and other organs. Symptoms already appear at this stage: weakness, especially in the morning, thirst and a slight decrease in body temperature. The renogram is flat.
   
   Glomerular filtration and osmolarity are significantly reduced. The following stages of chronic renal failure are more complicated and pronounced.
3. 2-B stage is called intermittent. Blood creatinine has already been increased significantly - 4.5 mg / dl. The amount of urine increases, and its pH is alkaline. As for urea, it is increased by 2 times. The amount of calcium, potassium is reduced. The signs of this stage are as follows: weakness, impaired reflexes, muscle twitching and cramps appear, dry skin, severe anemia and arterial hypertension. Also, a person who has a 2-B stage of chronic renal failure, is sick, sometimes even vomits, he suffers from anorexia, constipation, hiccups and bloating.
4. Stage 3 is called terminal. It is characterized by disturbance of sleep, mental state, skin begins to itch, convulsions are clearly expressed. Significantly increased creatinine, urea and residual nitrogen.

We have listed the stages of chronic renal failure according to Lopatkin. As you can see, with each stage, the condition worsens significantly, so you need to see a doctor at the first symptoms. Now consider what needs to be done at each stage of CRF:

1. First stage. Treatment is as follows: stop exacerbation of inflammatory processes in the kidneys. Due to this, renal failure is reduced .
2. Second stage. In addition to the treatment described above, the rate of progression of renal failure is assessed. The patient is prescribed mainly herbal medicines to reduce her pace.
3. Third stage. Use the same treatment as in stage 2, and also correct arterial hypertension, anemia and other complications. With significant violations, the patient is given a kidney transplant.

All stages of chronic renal failure imply a restriction in food. Basically, the patient is prescribed a low-protein diet with a small amount of animal protein, phosphorus and sodium. Try to monitor your health, because if you identify chronic renal failure in time, you will be able to recover quickly and feel excellent.