Some symptoms do not have a common name, but their own. This is due to the uniqueness of the manifestation that a certain person noticed. This article will discuss the phrenicus symptom, which can be positive in many diseases, which helps to significantly speed up the diagnosis and healing process.
Clinical manifestations
Another name that is inherent in the phrenicus symptom is the Mussi symptom.
The clinical manifestations are:
- soreness during palpation (palpation) in the area between the legs of the sternocleidomastoid muscle in the direction of the projection of the phrenic nerve;
- the pathology of organs located in the upper abdominal cavity is diagnosed (most often such diagnoses are made: cholecystitis, hepatitis, pancreatitis and others like that).
It can occur both on the left side and on the right, depending on the disease present.
Topographic anatomical justification
The branches of the phrenic nerve, namely the right, can approach either the liver itself (this happens from the back of the phrenic surface), or to that area of the portal of the liver, which, one way or another, takes part in the formation of the hepatic plexus. The latter is directly related to both the left and right phrenic nerves. It is the participation in the innervation of the liver and bile ducts of this type of nerves that explains the presence of pain when pressed, if pathology is observed.
For which diseases does a symptom give a positive result?
Very often, the phrenicus symptom in gynecology is an indication of the presence of a disease of the pelvic organs, as well as other organs of the abdominal cavity. In particular, it may indicate the presence of the following diseases:
- Ovarian apoplexy - hemorrhage in the abdominal cavity, in which tissue integrity is impaired. In other words, it is an ovarian rupture, moreover, sudden. With heavy bleeding, a positive phrenicus symptom is observed in combination with a drop in blood pressure, increased heart rate, and pallor of the skin.
- Ectopic pregnancy. When a pregnant tube is broken, pain radiates to the shoulder region or directly under the shoulder blade, which happens in combination with loss of consciousness. In this case, the phrenicus symptom manifests itself in this way.
- Pancreatitis is an inflammatory process in the pancreas. When a diagnosis is made, as a rule, the phrenicus symptom in pancreatitis is positive.
- Rupture of the spleen.
- Acute cholecystitis is an inflammatory process in the gallbladder. The phrenicus symptom occurs due to irritation of the vagus nerve during palpation in this area.
- Perforation of a stomach ulcer - the formation of an opening, in most cases through, in the walls of the stomach.
- Diaphragmatic pleurisy - inflammation of the pleura.
- Lower lobar pneumonia is an inflammation of the lungs or lung tissue.
Positive phrenicus symptom during examinations
In some cases, this symptom can be positive not only during the development of a disease, but also during the examination, which is carried out to clarify the diagnosis. In particular, this applies to such research methods:
- Pertubation of the fallopian tubes - check for patency. In this case, the phrenicus symptom may become a subjective sign that the gas that is being piped into the abdominal cavity. If the peristalsis of the fallopian tubes is rather sluggish, then the painful sensations will manifest quickly. If complete obstruction of the fallopian tubes is observed , the phrenicus symptom shows a negative result.
- Laporoscopy - examination of the organs of the abdominal cavity or pelvis with a special optical device. This device is inserted into the abdominal cavity through a small hole in the abdominal wall under general anesthesia. The frenicus symptom after laparoscopy occurs in most of the subjects in the first day after the procedure and, as a rule, passes by itself. This is due to the fact that during laparoscopy, air or gas is used, which in some quantity still remains above the liver.
Despite the cause of the symptom, immediate medical advice is required when it occurs.