ZPRR - what is it? ZPRR and AF. Treatment of ZPRR in children

According to inexorable statistics, in the world each year the percentage of children diagnosed with ZPRD is approximately 2 times increasing. What is it, not everyone knows. Meanwhile, the abbreviation ZPRR stands for simple - a delay in psycho-speech development. In addition to this deviation, children have two others, designated ZRR (delayed speech development) and ZPR (delayed mental development). All three in most cases are interconnected and interdependent. Not every dad and mom attach serious importance to the fact that their child hardly speaks separate words when his peers are already utterly speaking sentences. Many parents are sure: the time will come and their baby will "talk." Knowing all the nuances of ZPRR, what it is, what caused it, how to overcome it, and why to do it, will help to avoid mistakes and correct the situation in time. Indeed, speech communication among people, and especially among our smallest citizens, is directly related to adaptation in society, self-realization, the achievement of certain successes, and, in general, to a full life.

Norms of psycho-speech development

To help answer the questions "ZPRR - what is it? And when is it, and when is everything all right?", We present a scale for the normal development of a child under 7 years old. It should be noted that psycho-speech development is a whole complex of skills. In addition to the simple reproduction of sounds, this includes the correct pronunciation of words and their logical use, linking individual words into sentences, the use of error-free verbs in time, as well as pronouns (I, he, me, you and so on), the ability to clearly and reasonably express your thoughts and desires. A child should be diagnosed with ZPRD at the age of approximately 5 years. The table below will help parents to find out what and at what age their baby should be able to.

Child Development Standards

Age	Abilities
0-1 (month)	The emotional reaction of the baby to appeal to him (to the affectionate - a smile or any manifestation of joy, to a sharp and severe crying, sobbing, facial expressions of resentment or frustration are possible).
1-3 (month)	Walking, babbling, and towards the end of 3 months - the pronunciation of individual, simplest sounds.
3-6 (months)	In babbling, at first involuntary, and after deliberately combining sounds into sound combinations, the baby should be interested in what he is able to do, listen to the new sounds he creates, and closer to 6 months pronounce distinct light syllables more clearly (ba, ma, pa and so on) Further).
6-9 (months)	A fairly clear pronunciation of simple letter combinations and syllables, and closer to 9 months, babies should begin to repeat syllables and simple words for adults (give, on). Also, children should already understand the meanings of certain words and phrases, for example, “is this mom”, “where is dad?”, “Mav” makes a kitty, ““ woof makes a dog ”and so on.
1 year)	Meaningful pronunciation of simple words. Someone may have only 2-3, someone 10-12, but they should already appear in the children's vocabulary.
1-1.5 (years)	The child gladly makes contact, plays enthusiastically, learns something new every day. Being engaged in active children's activities, the baby quickly develops its vocabulary, which over the next 6 months should reach about 100 words. The child can already formulate the simplest sentences, such as “kitty myav-myav”, “give mom”. He speaks distorted many words so far, does not pronounce all the sounds, where he is not understood, adds facial expressions and gestures to speech, he can come up with new words that do not exist in nature, but by the way and what he is trying to say, it’s clearly seen that its development is proceeding normally.
1.5-3 (years)	The child's speech becomes more distinct. Some children at 3 years old can correctly pronounce almost all sounds, but more often with "p", "l", "s", "s", "h", "u" and "w" there are still problems. The vocabulary in 3 years should grow to about 3000 words and already include “where”, “because”, “when”, and, moreover, they should be used meaningfully.
3-5 (years)	Children correctly pronounce all or the vast majority of sounds, are well able to combine words into meaningful sentences and make short stories from them, describe a picture, answer the questions posed, not only clearly “yes” or “no”, but also more spatially, tell something from what happened to them in a day.
5-6 (years)	Most children make sounds without distortion, can dialogue and clearly express their desires.
6-7 (years)	The speech is correct and meaningful. The child should not have difficulties with the retelling of what he saw, the description of the picture. Many children at this age can read, count, and solve simple logic problems.

Deviations from these standards may be an occasion for parents to consult a doctor for advice.

When you need to sound the alarm

The values ​​of the above table are not absolute; there are no strict limits in this matter. Each person, and the baby, too, is a personality, a whole separate “universe”, possessing individual characteristics peculiar only to it. Therefore, all the above data can be adjusted in the plus or minus range, but by 7 years, development should be normal. However, a significant lag behind the norms more often means not the individuality of the child, but the presence of ZPRR.

Symptoms confirming the pathology:

• at 3-4 months, the baby does not react at all to the parents' appeal to him, remains indifferent to the toys offered to him, does not respond with a smile to the manifestation of love, tenderness and care for him;
• by the age of 9 months there is no babbling, the baby does not pronounce separate syllables (some children, when they need something, can explain their desire with gestures, groan at the same time or repeat any one sound most acceptable to them);
• by the 1st year, the child is quiet, silent, constantly serious, smiles a little, makes contact hard;
• by the age of 2 years, the vocabulary of the sufferer of ZPRD includes 10 words or so, the child does not repeat new words for adults, poorly understands what others want from him, cannot and does not try to make sentences even out of two words, such as “mother give” ;
• by the age of 2.5, the baby is confused in the names of objects, cannot quickly and correctly answer questions about parts of the body ("where is the nose?", "where are the ears?"), often does not want to do what is required of him, as if in general Does not pay attention to the simplest requests;
• ZPRR at 3 years of age or a little later is manifested by the child’s inability to make sentences independently, by not understanding the meaning of the tales read to him, some babies begin to speak either very quickly, “swallowing” the endings of words, or too slowly or remain silent, answer the questions posed with gestures, facial expressions or in general do not react, or selectively repeat the words for an adult, do not know how to use a pot.
  

In addition to the shortcomings in speech development, ZPRR can manifest itself in the following:

• mouth open almost constantly;
• excessive salivation;
• aggressiveness;
• inattention;
• fatigue;
• weak memory;
• lag in physical development;
• lack of imagination;
• isolation.

Reasons for developmental abnormalities

There are parents who doubt: ZPRR - what is it? Illness or not? However, scientists have long dealt with this. The results of numerous studies have shown that delays in psycho-speech development are caused by disorders in the brain and in the central nervous system. They can be caused by various factors, some of which affect the baby even before his birth, and some occur in the first months of life. These include:

• during pregnancy, infectious and other diseases suffered by the expectant mother;
• childbirth with complications (protracted, rapid, premature, belated);
• birth injuries (cervical vertebrae, skull, central nervous system);
• severe infectious diseases in the first months of life;
• hypoxia in the womb of the mother;
• entanglement of the umbilical region of the neck during childbirth;
• some methods of upbringing (too annoying guardianship, suppression of any initiative and independence shown by a child, cruelty to him, parental indifference to his children, situations where they are left to their own devices almost all day, starting from infancy, and parental care is only feeding and changing diapers);
• mental trauma of babies in the early stages of their lives.

Diseases causing ZPRR

ZPRR in a child will almost certainly occur as a concomitant, and in some cases, as one of the main symptoms in the following diseases:

• genetic, disrupting the structure of brain cells;
• epilepsy;
• cerebral ischemia ;
• CNS abnormalities;
• mental illness;
• Cerebral palsy;
• hydrocephalus;
• intracranial pressure;
• brain tumor;
• leukodystrophy;
• infringement of the nerve of the cervical vertebrae;
• problems with the vessels of the brain;
• disturbed fluid dynamics.

In addition, autism is often a companion of ZPRD, which is recognized by most doctors as a disease of the nervous system, in which there are changes in parts of the brain. These pathologies are associated with mutations in genes and a change in their interaction.

ZPRR and AF

First, let’s explain what AF is. In this case, this abbreviation means "autistic traits." The number of autistic people in our society is growing every year. According to sociological and medical studies, there are about 3-5 such people for every 1000 people, and there are much more people with autistic traits. Adult autists lead a closed lifestyle, in most cases they are lonely, often experience difficulties in the social aspect. It is possible to notice both ZPRR and AF in a child from infancy, but often their first manifestations do not cause anxiety in parents, because developmental lag is attributed to age, and AF to features of the character of the baby. It sometimes happens that some children with AF against the general background of some lagging behind their peers are characterized by unusual talents that they do not possess, for example, unique memorization of difficult words, numbers with a large number of numbers, and so on. In addition, many autistic children surprise and tempt their parents with a love for a certain, memorized ritual, for example, before eating, they must wash their hands daily with all the details to the smallest detail, and even the smallest deviations from the ritual are often taken “with hostility”. In addition to preparing for food, such children often observe the observance of the ritual of preparing for bedtime. Kids with AF do not throw toys, but stack them in the way they choose, remaining not childishly serious, perform a series of sequential actions with changing clothes, and so on. For many parents, their children’s unusual behavior is not only alarming, they even like it. ZPRR with autistic traits becomes quite pronounced by about 3 years. If no measures are taken during this period, the adult child will experience great difficulties at school, may become isolated, withdraw from society or begin to show aggression towards those who are not like him, who do not understand him or make fun of him in any way.

ZPRR with autistic features: symptoms

It is possible to suspect that a newborn baby has autism traits that can cause further developmental delays by the following symptoms:

• severe crying and unreasonably violent reaction to seemingly minor discomfort and irritants (moved the lamp, turned on the TV and the like);
• weak or completely absent reaction to strong irritants (for example, an injection);
• weakly expressed motor revival (legs, arms, smile);
• manifestation of activity and interest directed only at the toy, while indifference to the care and communication of people with it.

The older these children become, the brighter they manifest ZPRR with autistic features. Symptoms of this disease at the age of 1-1.5 years:

• no babbling;
• rarely and reluctantly respond to their call by name;
• avoid looking into other people's eyes, which is especially noticeable when the baby learns to walk;
• Express desire with gestures, and often do it with the hand of someone who is next to them;
• do not show with a pen where, for example, mom, do not wave "goodbye";
• do not pronounce any syllables;
• fall asleep and sleep poorly.

Symptoms from the age of 3 years:

• children rarely independently approach other children;
• avoid communication, preferring to play alone;
• do not respond to the emotions of those who are near him;
• they don’t understand what it is to “do in turn with other children (for example, in kindergarten),” they are poorly oriented in the social environment that is developing around them.

ZPRR with autistic traits in this age interval can manifest itself in the following deviations:

• small vocabulary;
• replacing verbal requests with gestures;
• poor ability to combine words that are already familiar;
• rare requests to adults or other children with requests;
• inability or unwillingness to tell parents, for example, what was interesting today in kindergarten and the like;
• misuse of pronouns (to the question "what to call you?" the child answers "to call you Sasha");
• inability to play those games that require imagination, imagination;
• fatal attachment to only one thing (a toy, book, fairy tale, television show);
• auto-aggression (self-harm).

Older children with a diagnosis of ZPRR and ACh have difficulties with learning, inattention to school and other tasks that are not interesting, aggression (after all, they already begin to punish children for poor grades).

Diagnostics

The final diagnosis of ZPRR is established on the basis of a comprehensive examination of the child. First of all, the attending physician must:

• clarify the data (make an anamnesis) about how the pregnancy progressed, childbirth, what were the features of the first months of the child’s life (infection, injuries, etc.);
• analyze the child’s behavior on the basis of personal communication with him, check his attentiveness, the ability of logical thinking, memorization, understanding of asked questions and so on (a 5-year-old child with ZPRD shows not only speech therapy problems, but also an inability to think logically, solve simple tasks that correspond to him age, to navigate in the concepts of “faster-longer”, “more-less” and the like, logically explain the compared values, colors, characteristics of objects familiar to him);
• conduct clinical examinations (examination by a neurologist, speech therapist, neuropsychologist);
• in some cases, the doctor may refer the child for tests (chromosome tests, metabolic and genetic tests, and others);
• sometimes conduct differential computer diagnostics.

With an accurate diagnosis of ZPRD, disability is usually given for 1-2 years. Install it on the basis of the conclusion of the ITU (medical and social examination). For longer than 2 years, disability is not given for the reason that the concept of “delay” means a temporary phenomenon and involves the achievement of the norm sooner or later. Therefore, at the end of the period of disability, children must again go through a commission and take a new ITU opinion.

The main methods of treatment

All doctors agree with the opinion: the earlier treatment for ZPRR is started, the more favorable the prognosis will be.

The treatment methods for each baby may vary. This directly depends on the reasons that caused the developmental delay. In all cases, an integrated approach is required, because only speech therapy sessions or tablets cannot achieve 100% success. Currently, treatment methods include:

1. Reflexotherapy with microcurrents. At the same time, they produce the effect of minimal electrical impulses on bioactive points and areas of the brain where disturbances are detected, as well as those that are responsible for speech development, after which the central nervous system is restored. The greatest effect of the method was noted in patients with hydrocephalus. The method is applied until children reach the age of 6 months.

2. Drug therapy.

3. Speech therapy classes, correction of diction and pronunciation.

4. Stimulating therapy.

5. Work with a psychologist, psychotherapist.

In especially severe cases, treatment of ZPRR involves the use of autoneuritotherapy (the introduction of nootropics into the brain) and microsurgery (in this case, additional vessels grow to the areas of the brain responsible for speech).

Excellent results are obtained by treatment in Israel, Germany, China.

Additional methods

Surprisingly good results are obtained in the treatment of ZPRR in children with non-traditional methods. These include:

• osteopathy (manual impact on special points of the body. At the same time, a balance is achieved in the work of the nervous system, psyche, metabolism);
• medical horse riding (hippotherapy);
• swimming with dolphins (dolphin therapy);
• non-child exposure to music, smells (aromatherapy);
• multiple classes on logical thinking and motor skills (puzzles, legos), active games.

Parents should deal with children who regularly have a lag in psycho-speech development, using any available games, coming up with fun, interesting, and understandable tasks for their children.

Opinions of parents and doctors

Relatives of children who have been diagnosed with ZPRD leave different reviews about treatment, the activities of doctors and getting disabilities, depending on the result. Regarding disability: many mothers and fathers are against the fact that they give it to a child under 3 years of age, and believe that some lag in speech development is completely overcome, so you do not need to put a stigma on the child. Also, many parents are against sending a child to specialized preschool institutions, perhaps rightly believing that in ordinary kindergarten, developmental delays will disappear faster. The only thing each parent agrees with is that you need to do a lot with lagging children, be sure to consult a speech therapist, and if possible use alternative treatment, which helps very well, especially if there is also AF in addition to ZPRR.

A lot of grateful reviews about the treatment of children in the Clinic for Restorative Neurology (Moscow), whose doctors truly work wonders and help get rid of ZPRD, autism and other abnormalities almost completely.

Doctors regarding children with ZPRD believe that developmental delays not caused by serious diseases (cerebral palsy, Down syndrome, etc.) can be completely reduced to zero if treatment is started on time.