In the article, we consider the indications for the use of "Biseptolum". It is a combined drug with a wide spectrum of action. Included in the group of sulfonamides. It is used for many diseases. Reviews about him are most often positive.
Composition of Biseptol, release form
Biseptol is produced by the manufacturer in several pharmacological forms:
- In the form of tablets with a dosage of 120 mg. In this case, each medication tablet contains sulfamethoxazole in an amount of 100 mg and trimethoprim in an amount of 20 mg. Polyvinyl alcohol, talc, aseptin P, magnesium stearate, aseptin M, potato starch, propylene glycol are used as auxiliary components. Pills are packaged in a cell blister, 20 pieces in a blister. Each carton holds one of them.
- In the form of tablets with a dosage of 480 mg. In this case, each Biseptol tablet contains sulfamethoxazole in an amount of 400 mg, as well as trimethoprim in an amount of 80 mg. Additional components are similar to those in tablets with a dosage of 120 mg. Each cardboard box also contains one contour blister containing 20 tablets. So it is said in the instructions for use for Biseptolum. Forms of release, however, are others.
- In the form of a suspension intended for oral administration. Suspension "Biseptolum" has a strawberry smell and a light cream color. Every 5 ml contains 200 mg sulfamethoxazole and 40 mg trimethoprim. Strawberry flavoring, purified water, propylene glycol, propylhydroxybenzoate, maltitol, citric acid, sodium saccharin, methylhydroxybenzoate, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose salt, cremophor RH 40, sodium hydrogen phosphate, magnesium aluminum silicate are used as auxiliary components in the manufacture of the suspension. The drug is packaged in 80 ml bottles made of dark glass. Each carton contains one vial of medicine. Indications and contraindications for the use of "Biseptolum" in any form of release will be the same.
- In the form of a concentrate intended for the preparation of a solution for infusion. Packed in 5 ml in glass ampoules. Each milliliter of concentrate contains 80 mg of sulfamethaxazole and 16 mg of trimethoprim. 10 ampoules are placed in each cardboard box.
Indications for the use of "Biseptolum"
The drug is intended for the treatment of diseases that have an infectious and inflammatory etymology and are sensitive to the main components of the drug:
- Infections affecting the airways, including pleural empyema, lung abscesses, pneumonia, bronchitis.
- Sinusitis and otitis media.
- Infections affecting the genitourinary system, including prostatitis, salpingitis, urethritis, pyelonephritis.
- Gonorrhea.
- Infections affecting the gastrointestinal tract, including diarrhea, cholera, dysentery of bacterial etymology, paratyphoid fever, typhoid fever.
- Infections affecting soft tissues and skin, including pyoderma and furunculosis.
Indications for the use of "Biseptolum" should be strictly observed.
Contraindications
"Biseptolum" is contraindicated if there are the following diseases or conditions:
- With diagnosed damage to the hepatic parenchyma.
- With severe impaired renal function, when there is no possibility of monitoring the concentration of the drug in the blood.
- In severe renal failure.
- In severe blood diseases, including anemia due to a lack of folic acid, megaloblastic anemia, leukopenia, agranulocytosis, B12-deficient anemia, aplastic anemia.
- With hyperbilirubinemia in childhood.
- With a diagnosed deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase.
- During pregnancy, with lactation.
- At the age of 0-3 months (for injection), age up to 36 months (for suspension).
- With increased sensitivity to any component that is part of the drug.
Caution must be exercised when prescribing Biseptol if the patient has thyroid gland pathologies, folic acid deficiency, and signs of bronchial asthma.
Instructions for use with Biseptol tablets (120 mg) are very detailed.
Dosage
Tablets, intramuscular or intravenous administration to patients from 12 years of age are prescribed for twice daily administration of 480 mg or a single dose of 960 mg. If the infection has a severe course, a triple dose of 480 mg is indicated. If the infection has a chronic course, a double dose of 480 mg per day is indicated. But not less.
Children up to 24 months are shown a double dose of 120 mg, children 2-6 years old are shown twice a day intake of up to 240 mg, children 6-12 years old are shown a double dose of up to 480 mg.
The suspension should be taken orally after a meal with plenty of water. This is confirmed by the instructions for use. The price and indications of Biseptol are of interest to many.
Patients from 12 years of age are prescribed 960 mg every 12 hours. If the infection is severe, up to 1440 mg every 12 hours. The course of treatment of infections affecting the urinary tract is 10-14 days, exacerbated chronic bronchitis - two weeks, shigellosis, travelers' diarrhea - 5 days.
Children 3-6 months old are shown twice taking 120 mg of suspension per day, children 7-36 months old are shown twice taking up to 240 mg, children 4-6 years old are shown twice taking up to 480 mg, children 7-12 years old are shown twice taking up to 480 mg .
The minimum course of therapy is 4 days. Treatment should be continued for another two days after the symptoms of the disease have disappeared. The course of treatment may be longer if the disease is in chronic form. So, the treatment of brucellosis can reach 3-4 weeks, and typhoid fever - 4-12 weeks.
In order to prevent the recurrence of chronic infectious diseases of the urinary tract, patients from 12 years of age are prescribed a single dose at night of 4480 mg of the drug, for patients under 12 years of age - 12 mg / kg per day. Preventive therapy is carried out for 1-12 months. In the treatment of acute cystitis in patients 7-16 years of age, a double dose of 480 mg of the drug is prescribed, the course is 3 days.
Treatment of gonorrhea involves taking the drug in an amount up to 2880 mg, which should be divided into three doses. This is indicated in the instructions for use with Biseptolum. The price will be presented below.
Therapy of gonorrheal pharyngitis, if the patient has an increased sensitivity to penicillins, involves single doses of 4320 mg for 5 days. Therapy of pneumonia provoked by Pneumocystis carinii involves taking the drug for two weeks, every 6 hours at 120 mg / kg / day.
Intramuscularly, patients older than 12 years of age are given 480 mg every 12 hours, children 6-12 years old - 240 mg.
Intravenous drip is administered to patients over 12 years old every 12 hours at 960-1920 mg, patients 6-12 years old - 480 mg, patients 6-30 months - 240 mg, patients 1.5-5 months - 120 mg. It is necessary to adhere to the indications and instructions for the use of "Biseptolum".
The maximum effectiveness from the use of the drug is achieved if its constant concentration in the blood is at around 5 mcg / ml.
In the treatment of malaria, provoked by Plasmodium falciparum, intravenous infusion should be carried out twice a day, 1920 mg each. Treatment is carried out for two days. For children, a reduced dosage is needed.
In order to achieve an increased concentration of the drug in the blood, it is administered drip intravenously, having previously dissolved in 200 ml of a special solvent. Infusions are carried out twice a day, for an hour.
Before administration, the drug is dissolved in the infusion solution in the following proportions: 5 ml of the drug in the form of a solution per 125 ml of the infusion solution, 10 ml per 125 ml, 15 ml per 500 ml.
If crystallization or turbidity is observed in the solution, its use is prohibited. The introduction is carried out for 1-1.5 hours, depending on the patient's need for fluid.
If it is necessary to limit the fluid entering the body, a solution is introduced in a higher concentration - 5 ml of the drug is dissolved in 75 ml of the solution for infusion. The dosage may be increased at the discretion of the doctor by 50% if therapy for severely occurring infectious pathologies is carried out.
Indications for the use of "Biseptolum" are not known to everyone.
Side effects
As a rule, the drug is well tolerated by patients, however, the appearance of negative reactions of the body, such as:
- Hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, hypoglycemia from the side of metabolism.
- Allergic reactions - scleral hyperemia, erythema multiforme, fever, angioedema, allergic myocarditis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, exfoliative dermatitis, rash, fever, urticaria, photosensitivity, pruritus, Lyell's syndrome.
- Myalgia and arthralgia from the musculoskeletal system.
- The urinary system can react with the appearance of toxic nephropathy, accompanied by anuria and oliguria, hypocreatininemia, an increased concentration of urea, hematuria, crystalluria, impaired renal function, interstitial nephritis, and polyuria.
- The hematopoietic system: methemoglobinemia, hypoprothrombinemia, eosinophilia, megaloblastic anemia, hemolytic anemia, aplastic anemia, agranulocytosis, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia.
- Gastrointestinal organs: pancreatitis, pseudomembranous enterocolitis, hepatitis, hepatonecrosis, cholestatic jaundice, increased activity of liver transaminases, cholestasis, stomatitis, glossitis, abdominal pain, gastritis, diarrhea, loss of appetite, vomiting, nausea.
- Respiratory organs: the appearance of pulmonary infiltrates, cough, suffocation, bronchospasm.
- Nervous system: peripheral neuritis, tremor, apathy, aseptic meningitis in rare cases, depression, dizziness, and headaches.
Indications for the use of the drug "Biseptol" are very extensive.
Overdose
Symptoms of an overdose of sulfonamides are as follows: the patient's appetite disappears, intestinal colic appears, crystalluria, hematuria, fever, loss of consciousness, drowsiness, headache, dizziness, vomiting, nausea are observed.
In case of an overdose of trimethoprim, the appearance of nausea and vomiting, dizziness, headaches, depression, and consciousness disorders is not ruled out. Inhibition of bone marrow functionality may be observed.
At the moment, medicine does not have data on how much co-trimoxazole can be life-threatening.
If co-trimoxazole is taken by the patient for a long period, a chronic overdose may occur. In this case, bone marrow functionality is inhibited, megaloblastic anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia develop.
If symptoms of an overdose are found, you should immediately stop taking Biseptolum and take measures to remove it from the digestive tract. Within a maximum of 2 hours after its last intake, it is important to wash the stomach, or provoke vomiting. If the patient's diuresis is insufficient, but kidney function is preserved, he is shown to drink plenty of water. Administration of up to 10 mg / day of calcium folinate is also recommended. The elimination of trimethoprim is promoted by increased acidity of the urine, however, there is a risk that sulfonamide crystallizes in the kidneys.
It is necessary to observe the blood picture, the composition of electrolytes, and other biochemical parameters. The effectiveness of peritoneal dialysis is absent, the effectiveness of hemodialysis is moderate. This tells us the instructions for use. Analogs of "Biseptolum" should be selected by a doctor.
Interaction with other drugs
Simultaneous therapy with Biseptolum and thiazide diuretics can provoke the development of thrombocytopenia and the appearance of bleeding. Similar drug combinations are not recommended.
Co-trimoxazole is able to increase the activity of indirect anticoagulants, methotrexate, hypoglycemic drugs.
Under the influence of co-trimoxazole, the hepatic metabolism of phenytoin and warfarin decreases, and their effect increases.
The half-life of trimethoprim decreases with concomitant use of rifampicin.
The simultaneous use of piracetam in large doses increases the risk of megaloblastic anemia.
The effectiveness of Biseptol is significantly reduced if procainamide, procaine, benzocaine are used in parallel.
Concomitant therapy with phenytoins, barbiturates, PASK contributes to the increased manifestation of folic acid deficiency.
According to the complete instructions for "Biseptolum", its effect is enhanced when taking derivatives of salicylic acid.
Under the influence of the drug, the therapeutic effect of tricyclic antidepressants, oral contraceptives is reduced.
The simultaneous administration of a medication with agents that can inhibit bone marrow hematopoiesis may increase the risk of myelosuppression.
When taking colestyramine, the absorption of other drugs is reduced, and therefore it is recommended to take them before taking co-trimoxazole 4-6 hours, or an hour after its use.
Indications for use of the drug "Biseptolum" we examined.
Analogs
The main analogues of the medicinal product “Biseptol” for therapeutic effect are sulfonamide medicines such as “Ingaflu”, “Ingalipt”, “Dermazin”, “Asakol”.
Among the synonyms of the drug, one can note Trimosul, Sulotrim, Sinersul, Cotrimaxazole, Cotrimaxol, Oriprim, Novotrimed, Expazol, Rankotrim, Sulfatrim, Accepted, Eriprim, Cotribene, Bactreduct, Vanadil, Trimexazole, Bactecode, Aposulfatrin, Vanadil, Microcetim, Primazol, Infectrim, Metomid, Falprin , "Gantrin", "Bactramel." "Abaktrim", "Bactifer", "Andoprim", "Abacin", "Bactramin", "Bacterial", "Bactrim".
Instructions for use and prices of Biseptol analogues will not be considered. Below is the original.
Cost
The cost of a medicine varies depending on the region of sale and the pharmacy network through which it is sold. The average price for a package of Biseptol in a dosage of 120 mg is 30 rubles, for a package in a dosage of 480 mg - 68 rubles. The cost of packing Biseptol in ampoules varies at the level of 350 rubles, and the bottle of suspension - at the level of 120 rubles.
You can find the indications in the instructions for use for Biseptol, but there is no price information there.
Reviews about "Biseptolum"
Patients and doctors very often leave positive reviews about Biseptol as the most effective drug for respiratory infections (bronchiectasis, furunculosis, otitis media, bronchial asthma).
In rare cases, drug inefficiency in the treatment of gonorrhea and acne has been noted.
Patients also report that quite often against the background of taking the drug, such negative reactions of the body as nausea and vomiting, a significant loss of appetite appear. Many people consider Biseptol an outdated medicine. However, the undoubted advantage is the affordable price of the drug and its availability to a wide segment of the population. And he also has an extensive list of testimonies. According to reviews, the instructions for use of Biseptol are simple and straightforward.
It is important to remember that the choice of a drug for the treatment of infectious diseases should be carried out by a specialist who can take into account the existing contraindications and individual characteristics of each patient.
We examined how Biseptol helps. The list of diseases is very impressive.