Duodenitis is an inflammation of the duodenum. Many people ignore the clinical manifestations of the disease, but this pathology can lead to serious consequences: peptic ulcer, cancer. To prevent this, it is necessary to start treatment of duodenitis in a timely manner.
The causes of the pathology are many, but most often the disease provokes the use of certain medications, anti-rheumatic drugs, and the defeat of Helicobacter pylori bacteria. They cause inflammation of the intestinal mucosa. At first, a superficial pathology manifests itself, but if treatment for duodenitis is not started, erosion forms on the walls. Over time, they turn into ulcers.
The risk of pathology
If you do not treat gastritis, duodenitis, reflux, then this can cause serious complications, up to the development of cancer. To avoid this, it is necessary to immediately treat any manifestations of ailments, and also try to exclude risk factors that can lead to an ailment. These include:
- Alcohol abuse.
- Taking drugs that irritate the mucous membranes of the digestive tract.
- Food burns with alkalis, acids.
- Stomach ulcer.
- Blood flow disturbance, etc.
Course of the disease
With the passage of duodenitis is acute and chronic.
The acute form develops rapidly. Most often, it occurs against the background of poisoning, after eating spicy food. This species causes superficial inflammation of the mucous membrane. If treatment of duodenitis in the early stages is not carried out, then this leads to the formation of ulcers and erosion, as well as phlegmon. With a diet and timely treatment, inflammation disappears in a few days.
The chronic form often occurs against the background of other chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, such as gastritis, pancreatitis, peptic ulcer, with poor nutrition. This course of the disease is characterized by severe pain, digestive disorders. Chronic illness is treated for a long time.
Types of Duodenitis
Treatment of atrophic duodenitis and other types depends on the form of pathology. Medicine distinguishes between:
- Gastritis-like duodenitis.
- Ulcerative.
- Asymptomatic.
- Mixed view.
- Phlegmonous.
- Erosive.
- Neuro-vegetative.
- Cholecystic.
- Hyperplastic.
- Interstitial.
- Hypertrophic duodenitis.
Each species has its own characteristics of the clinical picture. Clinical manifestations are characteristic of an ulcer-like, cholecyst-like, gastritis-like, as in concomitant pathologies. For example, the same symptoms are characteristic for a gastritis-like one as for gastritis, and a cholecystic one is manifested in the same way as inflammation of the gallbladder.
Causes of Duodenitis
Before starting treatment of duodenitis, it is necessary to establish what exactly led to its development. The acute form can be caused by the use of strong coffee, smoked meats, spicy, fried, fatty dishes. To cope with such food, a large amount of hydrochloric acid is produced in the stomach. At the same time, the protective properties of the mucosa are reduced, and it becomes more sensitive to negative influences.
Acute pathology can be caused by foodborne toxicoinfections, such as bacteria that cause peptic ulcer, enterococci, clostridia, staphylococci.
Pathologies of other organs of the digestive tract also lead to the disease: colitis, cirrhosis, pancreatitis, colitis, peptic ulcer, hepatitis. All of them lead to a violation of blood circulation and tissue nutrition. The process of inflammation goes on, negatively affecting the protective properties of the gastrointestinal tract.
Often, duodenitis leads to a reverse reflux of contents from the small intestine to the duodenum. This process is called reflux. It may be associated with spasm of the lower sections in case of intestinal obstruction.
Chronic duodenitis is caused by disorders of the intestines: constipation, adhesions, low peristalsis. All these pathologies lead to a slowdown in intestinal contractions, the walls atrophy, stretch.
Chronic diseases of the stomach, liver, pancreas, gall bladder also lead to chronic pathology.
Clinical manifestations of the disease
Everyone who has at least once encountered an ailment knows about the symptoms of duodenitis in adults and about treatment with drugs. The clinical picture depends on the type of duodenitis, stage of development and the causes that led to the disease.
Inflammation of the duodenum is characterized by pain in the epigastric region. On palpation, it intensifies. In chronic duodenitis, the pain is dull, constant. This is due to inflammation, swelling of the intestinal walls. Usually, soreness increases one hour after eating.
Also, with duodenitis, patients complain of weakness, fatigue. This is a sign of intoxication caused by the waste products of bacteria. Due to the disease, digestion is disturbed, which leads to fermentation of food in the intestine, its rotting. Signs of this manifestation are: rumbling in the intestines, diarrhea, nausea, decreased appetite, gas formation.
With duodenitis, vomiting with an admixture of bile, bitter belching can be observed. This usually occurs during intestinal overflow, when contents from the duodenum are thrown into the stomach.
With prolonged inflammation, atrophy of the intestinal mucosa, glands that produce digestive enzymes is diagnosed. With stagnation of bile, the level of bilirubin in the blood rises. This is manifested by yellowness of the skin, sclera. Bile does not enter the intestines, but overflows the gall bladder and enters the bloodstream.
Therapies
Duodenitis is treated with medicines, folk remedies. Consulting a doctor at the first symptoms of duodenitis in adults and treatment with drugs, begun in a timely manner, can prevent the development of complications. Mostly therapy is carried out on an outpatient basis.
Medication for duodenitis includes:
- Elimination of acute inflammation.
- Restoration of the function of the duodenum.
Digestion is also normalized. For this purpose, a therapeutic diet is prescribed. Be sure to develop a protection scheme from the transition of pathology into a chronic form.
To speed up recovery, it is necessary to ensure good rest, sleep, follow a diet, avoid stress, give up alcohol and smoking.
Sometimes treatment of duodenal duodenum is carried out in a hospital. Indications for hospitalization are suspected tumors, the patient’s serious condition, advanced inflammation involving nearby organs in the process. Also, the presence or threat of bleeding is an indication for hospitalization.
Drug treatment
Symptoms and treatment of duodenitis of the stomach depend on the type of pathology, cause and some other factors. As a drug treatment, the following groups of drugs are used:
- Proton pump inhibitors. Medicines of this group inhibit the production of gastric juice, block the work of the glands that secrete acid. As a result, the irritating effect on the intestine is reduced. From this group, Omeprazole, Esomeprazole, and other medicines can be prescribed.
- Antibiotics. In the presence of Helicobacter pylori and other pathogenic microorganisms, broad-spectrum antibiotics are prescribed: Tetracycline, Amoxicillin and others.
- H2-histamine blockers. For the treatment of ulcerative type of duodenitis, this group of medicines is used. It reduces the production of hydrochloric acid. The drugs of the group include “Ranitidine”, “Famotidine”.
- Antacids. To reduce the pain syndrome, enveloping preparations, such as Almagel, Maalox, are necessarily prescribed.
- Prokinetics. With a gastritis-like form of duodenitis, drugs are prescribed that regulate the reduction of the gastrointestinal tract, which promote the release of the stomach and the advancement of food through the intestines. Also, group drugs have an antiemetic, decongestant effect.
- Polyenzyme agents. As part of the preparations, pancreatic enzymes that normalize digestion and absorption of nutrients, as well as contribute to the disappearance of other clinical manifestations of the disease.
- Antispasmodics. Appointed to relax the muscles of the muscles, relieve pain, spasm.
For each case, an individual treatment regimen for the disease is selected. Indeed, the treatment of catarrhal duodenitis and other types cannot be the same.
For successful therapy, nutritional correction is necessarily carried out - table No. 1, 2 or 5 is assigned.
Diet with duodenitis
According to reviews, the symptoms and treatment of duodenitis in adults depend on nutrition. With ulcerative like duodenitis, table No. 1 is assigned, with gastritis-like - table No. 2, and with cholecystitis and pancreatitis-like diet No. 5.
All of them have similar general recommendations:
- It is necessary to eat fractionally, in small portions, at least four times a day. There should not be a feeling of hunger, as this provokes pain.
- Food should be warm.
- All dishes should be prepared in such a way as not to irritate the gastrointestinal mucosa. Preference should be given to mashed soups, semi-liquid cereals.
- The meat is used only boiled, low-fat. Before use, it is passed through a meat grinder.
- The menu should contain dairy products: yogurt, kefir, cream, milk.
- Fruits are allowed only without peels and seeds in baked form or in the form of jelly.
- Steamed vegetables or boiled.
- Of the fats, it is allowed to eat olive oil of a high degree of purification.
- To improve digestion, they drink juices.
- Bread is allowed only yesterday.
With duodenitis, the following products are prohibited:
- canned food;
- smoked meats;
- unprocessed vegetables, fruits;
- ice cream;
- broths of meat, mushrooms;
- mustard, pepper, onion;
- carbonated drinks;
- alcohol.
Treatment with folk remedies
Earlier we studied the symptoms. Treatment of duodenitis with folk remedies will be considered further.
For therapy using a variety of herbs, products that suppress the production of gastric juice. Of great benefit are funds that help the rapid restoration of the mucous membrane. Infusions and decoctions are also used, other means that help fight pathogenic microorganisms.
Aloe from inflammation of the duodenum
Therapeutic aloe has long been used in folk medicine for duodenitis and other gastrointestinal pathologies. The plant has a wound healing, antibacterial effect, which for many years has been used for therapeutic purposes.
To prepare the medicine, leaves are used, whose age is not less than three years. Before you cut them, you must stop watering for a week. This will allow the maximum amount of nutrients to be accumulated in the plant.
To prepare the medicine, you need about half a kilogram of leaves. Juice is squeezed out of them, add half a liter of red wine and a pound of honey to it. Everything is mixed and infused for a week. Then the product is filtered, stored in the refrigerator.
In the first week, the composition is taken on a teaspoon three times a day. From the second and subsequent weeks, the amount of the mixture taken increases by a tablespoon. In the fourth week, the dosage is reduced. The duration of treatment is 2-3 months. With superficial duodenitis, aloe is taken for a month.
This tool helps to overcome not only duodenitis, but also other pathologies of the digestive tract, such as ulcers, dysbiosis, flatulence.
Propolis treatment
Propolis has unique properties. A variety of means are prepared from it.
For the treatment of esophagitis, duodenitis and other types, it is necessary to make tincture on propolis. For it, you need 0.5 liters of alcohol and 50 grams of propolis. The mixture is infused for three weeks in a dark place. The composition is shaken daily, this procedure is necessary for the complete dissolution of propolis.
The finished product is taken in fifteen drops along with steamed flaxseed in the morning for three weeks. You can use propolis tincture of fifteen drops, mixed with a spoonful of sweet milk. This option is used three times a day before meals.
Chamomile tea
Pharmacy chamomile has unique properties. Now this plant is sold in pharmacies in special portioned bags. To make medicinal tea, a bag of chamomile is taken and steamed with a glass of boiling water. The tool is taken as tea three times a day. This tool allows you to calm the digestive tract, kill pathogenic microorganisms, such as Helicobacter pylori.
There are other folk methods for treating duodenitis, including various herbal preparations, honey. It is used every day for one hundred to two hundred grams. This dose is divided into several doses, eating one or two tablespoons at a time.
Honey and other folk remedies, medicines are used until the pathology recedes. To get rid of duodenitis, especially when using folk remedies, you need to consult a specialist, because only a doctor can determine what type of inflammation is present and what exactly means will help to cure it.