The treatment of arterial hypertension must be comprehensive. An integral part of therapy is the use of beta-blockers. One of these drugs is Metoprolol-ratiopharm.
It is widely used for arrhythmias, ischemia, hypertension. It is worth noting that this drug is prescribed exclusively by the doctor for strict indications.
Drug feature
According to the instructions and description, "Metoprolol-ratiopharm" refers to the group of beta-blockers. The medicine acts exclusively on beta-adrenergic receptors, which are located directly in the heart. Thanks to this, the drug has much less side effects and does not provoke bronchospasm.
The drug "Metoprolol-ratiopharm" does not have internal symptomatic activity, so it is more effective, and its effect on the body is much stronger. Symptomatic activity involves not only blocking receptors, but also their simultaneous activation. As a result of this, such drugs act much softer on the body.
Metoprolol-ratiopharm tablets help reduce heart rate and activity of the sinus node. In addition, the medicine helps eliminate excessive myocardial irritability, while reducing cardiac output. In this case, the drug helps to weaken the effect of catecholamines on the myocardium.
It has high absorbability and undergoes various kinds of metabolic processes. The highest degree of concentration of the active component is achieved approximately 1-2 hours after taking the drug. The concentration of the drug in the blood does not depend on the person's age. Mezoprolol-ratiopharm can penetrate the placenta and accumulate in breast milk. It is excreted mainly through the kidneys.
Composition and form of release
"Metoprolol-ratiopharm" (Metoprolol ratiopharm) is available in the form of tablets, the main active ingredient of which is metoprolol tartrate. It also contains additional components, in particular, such as:
- magnesium stearate;
- silica;
- microcrystalline cellulose;
- starch;
- sodium carboxycellulose.
White tablets convex with marking on one side. The drug is produced in contour boxes of 10 pcs., It can be purchased only by prescription.
Drug action
According to the description of the Metoprolol-ratiopharm drug, it helps to significantly reduce the heart rate, slows down the formation and conduction of an electrical impulse, as a result of which the heart muscle does not contract too intensely. In addition, pressure is reduced, myocardial oxygen demand, which is important not only for the treatment of hypertension, but also angina pectoris and coronary artery disease.
The use of Metoproprolol-ratiopharm in case of a heart attack significantly reduces the area of ​​necrosis, and also prevents the subsequent spread of the pathological process. At the same time, the risk of arrhythmia is significantly reduced.
The drug is taken orally and is well absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract. The effect after taking the medicine is achieved very quickly, after about 20 minutes the pressure begins to decrease. A sufficient concentration of the active substance is maintained for 10-11 hours. Biologically active substances that are part of the body are excreted by the kidneys. It is worth noting that in the presence of kidney diseases, the medicine cannot be removed even with dialysis.
Indications for use
According to the instructions for use with Metoprolol-ratiopharm, there are quite a lot of indications for taking this drug, as this remedy lowers blood pressure very well, normalizes heart rate and reduces tissue ischemia. Among the main indications of its use, it is necessary to highlight such as:
- arterial hypertension;
- angina attack;
- arrhythmia;
- heart attack.
According to the instructions, "Metoprolol-ratiopharm" is prescribed for arterial hypertension. It is allowed both to take this medicine on its own, and in combination with other drugs. By reducing the release of blood into a large circle of blood circulation, a decrease in pressure occurs, and the effect of aortic baroreceptors on the heart muscle is also suppressed.
This tool is also applicable for an attack of angina pectoris, since it helps to slightly relieve the heart muscle and therefore, much less oxygen is required. The drug must be prescribed in the presence of pain behind the sternum, as well as discomfort in combination with shortness of breath and fear of death. In addition, medication for hypertension is indicated as a prophylaxis, which significantly reduces the risk of a heart attack.
Heart rhythm disturbance is very often observed in the elderly. According to the instructions for use, "Metoprolol-ratiopharm" is indicated for extrasystoles, tachycardia, atrial fibrillation. In this case, the biologically active components of the drug somewhat slow down the sinus node, slow down the pulse between the ventricles and atria.
This drug has also found its use in hyperthyroidism and is mainly used as part of complex therapy. The main therapeutic effect is a reduction in heart rate. Metoprolol-ratiopharm helps prevent migraine attacks. With a heart attack, a focus of necrosis is formed, the tissues around which are damaged. This drug helps to preserve the remaining living cells, while reducing the area of ​​damage, unloading the heart muscle and normalizing blood circulation. Having studied the instructions and indications for Metoprolol-ratiopharm, you can be completely sure that this medicine has a vasodilating effect, thereby quickly reducing blood pressure.
You can take the drug only as prescribed by the attending doctor, since it is strictly forbidden to independently select the frequency of administration and dosage.
Drug dosage
According to the instructions, Metoprolol-ratiopharm tablets cannot be crushed or chewed, but can be divided in half. You can take them only after eating food with a little water.
The daily dosage and duration of taking the medicine is determined only by the attending doctor, in accordance with the diagnosis, and also based on the results of the examination and the patient's well-being. It is worth noting that you can not take antihypertensive drugs without consulting a doctor.
As stated in the instructions for the drug "Metoprolol-ratiopharm", with hypertension, 100 mg per day is prescribed to normalize the pressure. Gradually, a dosage increase of up to 200 mg is allowed. If necessary, you can divide this dose into 2 doses. The pressure generally stabilizes at the end of 2 weeks of taking the medicine.
According to the instructions, Metoprolol-ratiopharm 50 mg is used to prevent angina pectoris. In this case, the administration of this drug is shown up to 3 times a day, depending on the frequency of occurrence of seizures. For the treatment of hyperkinetic syndrome, 50 mg of the drug is required up to 2 times a day.
In case of acute myocardial infarction, the doctor prescribes intravenous administration of the drug, however, in case of poor tolerance of injectable drugs, the use of the drug in tablet form is acceptable. Initially, you need to take 100 mg of the drug, and then taking 100 mg 2 times a day. The duration of maintenance therapy should be determined only by the doctor. The course of treatment can be from 3 months to 3 years.
For the prevention of the secondary occurrence of a heart attack, the daily dosage is 200 mg. For the prevention and treatment of migraine attacks, Metrolol-ratiopharma is taken 2-4 times a day and at the same time a single dosage is 50 mg. In case of heart rhythm disturbance, an injection of the drug is indicated to quickly normalize the heartbeat. Then, the medicine is prescribed in tablet form, 50 mg up to 4 times a day.
Elderly people start taking a daily dosage of 50 mg. In the presence of renal failure, dosage adjustment is not required. Patients with liver failure are not recommended to take this drug. The doctor selects other adrenergic blockers that do not undergo the metabolic process in the liver. It is forbidden to take more than 400 mg of the drug per day. Drug withdrawal should take place with a gradual decrease in dosage. This happens for 10 days or more.
Contraindications
Before taking the medicine, it is necessary to study the description of the drug “Metoprolol-ratiopharm”, as well as the available indications and contraindications. An absolute contraindication is intolerance to the individual components of this drug, which can manifest itself in the form of an allergic reaction, as well as Quincke's edema. In addition to this, it is necessary to highlight such contraindications as:
- bradycardia;
- weak sinus node;
- arterial hypotension;
- cardiogenic shock;
- severe renal, heart, or liver failure;
- breast-feeding;
- metabolic acidosis.
With bradycardia, the heart rate decreases sharply, which is very bad for the whole body. As a result, organs and tissues receive an insufficient amount of blood. It is worth noting that it is strictly forbidden to take this drug together with antiarrhythmic drugs from the group of calcium channel blockers, as this can lead to poor health.
You can use the drug during pregnancy only if the benefit to the mother is significantly higher than the risk to the fetus, since this drug is able to penetrate the placenta. This can provoke signs of bradycardia, hypoglycemia, and hypertension in a newborn baby. To minimize all these risks, it is absolutely necessary to cancel the drug several days before the expected birth. After delivery, you must always monitor the health of the baby for 72 hours.
Side effects
Before using the medicine, it is necessary to study the description of Metoprolol-ratiopharm and the available side effects of this medicine. It is worth noting that among the most common side effects, it is necessary to distinguish such as:
- fatigue, dizziness, depression;
- nausea, indigestion, dry mouth;
- low blood pressure, bradycardia;
- skin rashes, itching.
In patients with diabetes, a hypoglycemic coma may occur, and in case of a predisposition to diseases of the respiratory system, bronchial obstruction is often observed.
Precautionary measures
The drug is prescribed strictly according to indications, it can not be purchased without a doctor’s prescription. Before purchasing a medicine, you must definitely read the available instructions. Begin taking this remedy with a minimum dosage, after which it is necessary to measure the pulse and pressure, since the indicators should not be very sharply reduced.
If the pulse drops below 50, and the systolic pressure drops below 100 mmHg. Art., be sure to consult a doctor, as in this case, a reduction in the dosage of the drug is required. Properly selected frequency of administration and dose of the medicine significantly increase the chances of a successful recovery.
Overdose
In case of an overdose, the patient's well-being worsens very sharply, and at the same time, such manifestations as:
- bradycardia;
- severe hypotension;
- heart failure;
- nausea;
- hypoglycemia;
- loss of consciousness.
The most severe consequence of an overdose is coma. The first signs occur about 20 minutes after taking the medicine. All these symptoms can be significantly exacerbated if you take the drug along with alcohol, as well as other antihypertensive drugs and barbiturates.
For treatment, adsorbents are required, as well as gastric lavage. In severe condition, intravenous administration of beta-adrenostimulants is required with an interval of 2-5 minutes until the desired result and normalization of well-being are obtained.
In the absence of a positive result, Norepinephrine or Adrenaline is used. With severe bradycardia, a heart rate driver may be required. In case of overdose and deterioration of well-being, the patient requires intensive therapy and careful monitoring of respiration and blood circulation. You also need to monitor the functioning of the kidneys and the level of glucose in the blood.
Interaction with other drugs
If you combine Metoprolol-ratiopharm with other types of drugs designed to lower blood pressure, this can lead to bradycardia or arterial hypotension. This drug is absorbed much faster if taken with barbiturates. Combined use with anti-inflammatory drugs can reduce the effectiveness of the active component.
"Metoprolol-ratiopharm" is able to significantly enhance the effect of hypoglycemic drugs. At the same time, their administration with analgesics is completely undesirable, as this can cause heart failure.
The introduction of Verapamil during therapy is very dangerous, since their combination can cause cardiac arrest. In this case, the maximum possible concentration of active components in the blood is achieved, which can lead to hypotension, as well as reduce the heart rate.
If it is necessary to carry out inhaled anesthesia, Metoprolol must be canceled, as this can lead to inhibition of the myocardium. Arterial hypotension may also develop due to the simultaneous administration of Amiodarone. With simultaneous administration with insulin and other drugs designed to reduce sugar, the sugar-lowering effect is significantly increased, and signs such as tachycardia and tremor are also observed. This is very dangerous in that it is very difficult for the patient to adequately assess his condition. With caution and under the supervision of a physician, preparations intended for anesthesia are used. Combination with ether and chloroform is completely unacceptable.
special instructions
If the patient has chronic obstructive respiratory diseases, then Metoprolol-ratiopharm must be used very carefully. In addition, precautionary measures should be taken for patients who have diseases such as:
- diabetes;
- Raynaud's syndrome;
- pheochromocytoma.
It is undesirable to use contact lenses during therapy, since the drug can slightly reduce the secretion of tear fluid. In addition, it is not recommended to abruptly stop taking the medicine. Finish taking the drug gradually, over a period of 10-14 days, lowering the dosage.
It is not recommended to combine the drug with MAO inhibitors. If the drug is taken together with Clonidine, then it is worth stopping the use of Metoprolol in order to avoid the development of a hypertensive crisis. If a person’s work requires increased attention, then the ability to control mechanisms and cars must be agreed with a doctor. The specialist at the same time evaluates the characteristics of the patient's body.
The use of the drug in the 2nd and 3rd trimester requires a careful assessment of the possible benefits and risks. Beta-blockers lead to a decrease in blood circulation in the placenta and can cause premature birth and fetal death. In addition, intrauterine growth retardation and respiratory depression are possible.
When taking Metoprolol, an increase in susceptibility to allergens, the development of anaphylactic shock, psoriasis can be observed. If surgical intervention is necessary, the anesthesiologist should be informed about the therapy. Often, drug withdrawal is not required.
Analogues of the drug
Be sure to study the instructions and indications of Metoprolol-ratiopharm before taking the medicine. Analogues of the drug are selected in case of contraindications and intolerance to the drug. These include such as:
- "Vasocardine."
- "Metozok."
- Emzokok.
- Betalok.
- "Metocard."
- "Egilok."
It is worth noting that analogues should only be selected by the attending doctor, and in addition you need to familiarize yourself with the instructions for the drug used, the available indications and contraindications.
Drug Reviews
"Metoprolol-ratiopharm", according to reviews, helps to very quickly stabilize pressure. The therapeutic result is observed in the case of treatment only with this drug or during complex therapy. Patients note that the medicine helps to quickly and efficiently get rid of frequent and prolonged migraine attacks.
Some note the occurrence of a number of side effects, among which it is necessary to highlight such as sleep disturbance, as well as dizziness, which pass literally after a few weeks of taking.