"Mesalazine" is a universal anti-inflammatory drug with a predominant localization of action in the intestine. 5-aminosalicylic acid is used as the active ingredient . The action of this substance is based on the inhibition of the activity of an enzyme called neutrophilic lipoxygenase. The medicine is responsible for the synthesis of arachidonic acid metabolites. The instructions to Mesalazine indicate that this pharmacological agent has powerful antioxidant properties, which helps to improve the well-being of the patient.
pharmachologic effect
The tool has a local anti-inflammatory effect. "Mesalazine" stops the degranulation, migration, phagocytosis of neutrophils, as well as the secretion of Ig lymphocytes. In a moderate dosage, the drug has an antibacterial effect against pathogenic Escherichia coli and some cocci, which are most often found in the large intestine.
The drug has a powerful antioxidant effect on the patient's body (this effect is achieved by binding to free oxygen radicals). The medicine itself is well tolerated, which minimizes the risk of Crohn's disease recurrence. The well-being of patients with ileitis, who have been suffering from this disease for more than one year, is significantly improved.
Release form and composition
In the instructions for use of Mesalazine, manufacturers indicated that this medication is available in the form of tablets of 500 milligrams. One blister may contain 10 or 15 tablets. The drug belongs to the group of high-quality antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory drugs. According to the doctor’s prescription, Mesalazine can be used as an antioxidant that is well tolerated by the body. Also, the drug is released in the form of candles. One package contains 10 quality suppositories.
If the patient suffers from Crohn's disease for a long time, then undergoing therapy based on this drug will help prolong the period of remission. Active substances have an antibacterial effect, which contributes to the destruction of E. coli and some varieties of cocci.
The following substances are contained in one Mesalazine pill:
- copovidone;
- active component - mesalazine 500 mg;
- silicon dioxide;
- magnesium stearate;
- sodium alginate;
- calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate;
- cellulose.
Indications
In accordance with the instructions for tablets "Mesalazine", a limited category of patients can use this medicine.
The universal composition of the medication allows you to overcome the following ailments:
- Nonspecific ulcerative colitis. The drug copes with chronic inflammation of the mucous membrane of the large intestine.
- Crohn's disease. Chronic disease of the gastrointestinal tract, which lasts more than six months. An ailment can affect any part of the digestive system, but most often the intestine suffers.
Contraindications
To avoid the manifestation of unwanted adverse reactions, before using the medication, you should consult your doctor. The instructions to "Mesalazine" indicate that this drug is strictly forbidden to take in the following cases:
- Peptic ulcer.
- Hypersensitivity to the components of the drug.
- Various blood diseases.
- Diathesis of hemorrhagic type.
- Children under 2 years old.
- The last weeks of pregnancy.
- Patients weighing up to 50 kg.
Adverse reactions
The instructions to "Mesalazine" indicate that if the dosage is incorrect, a significant deterioration in the patient's well-being can occur. From the digestive system: vomiting, lack of appetite, abdominal pain, heartburn, diarrhea, elevation of hepatic transmaniasis to a critical level, mumps, hepatitis, bloating.
Nervous system: dizziness, tremor and headache, paresthesia, sleep disturbance, malaise, cramps, tinnitus.
An improperly selected dosage can also negatively affect the state of the cardiovascular system: tachycardia, chest pain, increase / decrease in blood pressure, shortness of breath.
In more severe situations, erythema, skin rash, bronchospasm, complex lupus-like syndrome, and an increase in hemoglobin levels may occur.
Mode of application
The instructions for the use of candles "Mesalazine" contains detailed information that this medication is intended to treat two ailments - ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. For each clinical picture, separate rules of use apply. But experts have developed a universal scheme for the use of the drug.
With exacerbation of Crohn's disease, doctors recommend the use of the following therapy:
- Adults: a maximum of 4 grams of the drug can be consumed per day, divided into several doses.
- Children: 20 mg of the drug per kilogram of the child’s weight.
To combat ulcerative colitis, adults need to take up to 5 grams of “Mesalazine” per day. Children can be given the drug at a rate of 25 mg / 1 kg once a day.
To get rid of hemorrhoids, you must use the candles "Mesalazine". The instructions indicate the following treatment regimen:
- Adults For mild and moderate hemorrhoids in the acute stage, one suppository per day (500 mg) should be used. The maximum daily dose is 1.5 grams. To prevent the disease, experts prescribe 1 suppository (250 mg) 3 times a day. To eliminate uncomfortable sensations in more severe cases, it is necessary to use 2 suppositories (500 mg) three times a day. The duration of treatment is 7-14 weeks.
- Children. In the stage of exacerbation of the disease, 50 mg / kg of weight per day is prescribed. To prevent relapse, the dosage can be reduced to 25 mg / kg per day. Suppositories can be used 3 times a day. The duration of therapy is selected individually.
Analogs
In some cases, there are situations when patients want to replace the medication. This may be due to intolerance to the components of the drug and the presence of numerous contraindications. Today in the pharmacy you can buy several basic analogues of Mesalazine. Each drug has its own instructions for use, so the doctor must check the dosage before use.
The following agents have the greatest effect:
- Kansalazin.
- Salofalk.
- Pentas.
- Sulfasalazine.
- Mekasol.
Each patient should remember that it is necessary to use analogues of "Mesalazine" with extreme caution. The instructions always indicate not only the indications, but also the optimal dosage.
special instructions
Mesalazine is able to penetrate the protective placental barrier, which is why it is rarely prescribed to pregnant women. Specialists must determine the fact that the benefits of its use will exceed the indicators of potential harm. The active substances of the drug in a small dosage pass into breast milk. For the period of treatment of the child, it is better to switch to artificial feeding.
In case of an overdose, the patient may experience vomiting, severe nausea, tinnitus, dizziness, severe headache, and visual impairment. In such a situation, it is necessary to rinse the stomach, as well as take a laxative and activated charcoal. In critical situations, specialists can resort to hemodialysis, as well as mechanical ventilation.
Before treatment, as well as throughout the course of therapy, the patient must undergo a general urine and blood test so that doctors can monitor the excretory function of the kidneys. Regular use of the drug may cause the fluid to be released to turn orange. It is worth noting that in some cases, experts recorded the fact that even contact lenses acquired a light yellow tint.
Interaction
The drug "Mesalazine" increases the toxicity of methotrexate, which increases the risk of kidney damage. The drug significantly reduces the activity of sulfonamides, furosemide, rifampicin, probenecid.
The drug should be used with caution with azathioprine, as the risk of suppressing bone marrow function increases. Combination therapy "Mesalazine" with other medications with nephrotoxicity several times increases the risk of adverse reactions from the kidneys. The drug enhances the effectiveness of uricosuric drugs.
Storage conditions
It is possible to contain the medication only in a place protected from direct sunlight. The air temperature must be between +21 and +25 ° C. The maximum shelf life of Mesalazine is 36 months. After this period, you can not take pills.