Pharmacists around the world work daily to improve antibacterial drugs. This is due to the fact that pathogenic bacteria can develop immunity to medications. The most used today are 3 generations of cephalosporins. Antibiotics from this series have increased activity and can be used in the fight against the most complex infections.
Cephalosporins in tablets
With regard to streptococci and pneumococci, the highest activity is observed in precisely 3 generations of cephalosporins (in tablets or in another dosage form). In addition, medicines of this group act on gram-negative organisms and enterobacteria. But in the fight against staphylococci, cephalosporins are practically not used. Tablets have a fairly broad spectrum of action. They are used to treat the genitourinary system, respiratory system and gastrointestinal tract.
Cephalosporins 3 generations are synthetic antibiotics. They have an improved molecular structure. Due to this, side effects from the use of tablets are practically absent. The immune system after the disease works at full strength, and interferon in the body is produced in normal quantities. In addition, cephalosporins have virtually no effect on intestinal function. Troubles such as dysbiosis and constipation are excluded. Pills are not suitable only for people with individual intolerance to the individual components.
The medicine "Pantsef"
The drug is presented in the form of tablets, film-coated. The mechanism of action is based on a violation of the synthesis of the cell wall of pathogens. The medicine “Pantsef” is used to treat diseases caused by aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms. Most often, tablets are used in inflammatory processes of the respiratory system. The drug is prescribed for pharyngitis, laryngitis, tonsillitis, sinusitis, etc. Less commonly, Pancef tablets are used to treat the urinary tract.
If we consider cephalosporins of 3 generations for children, then the Pancef medication should be remembered first of all. After all, it can be prescribed to children older than 6 months. Kids who do not know how to chew, prepare a suspension of granules. Adverse reactions practically do not occur. In rare cases, hives or small skin itching may appear. The drug is contraindicated only during pregnancy and lactation. It should not be taken by people with sensitivity to certain elements of the drug.
Antibiotic Suprax
Cephalosporins 3 generations are presented in the pharmacy and this drug. The medicine is in the form of capsules. The main active ingredient is cefixime. Auxiliary components are magnesium stearate, colloidal dioxide and calcium carmellose. Granules can be used orally or used to prepare a suspension. The mechanism of action of the drug is based on inhibition of the synthesis of the cell membrane of pathogenic bacteria. the positive effect of taking the medication occurs after 4 hours.
The drug can be prescribed for children up to a year. Dosage is determined according to body weight. Children are prescribed 9 mg per 1 kg of weight per day. Adults, as well as children weighing more than 50 kg, are given 400 mg of the drug per day. In case of adverse reactions, Suprax tablets should be replaced with another drug. A rash and itching may occur on the body. Some patients have an individual intolerance to the drug, which is accompanied by dizziness and nausea. With caution, Suprax tablets are prescribed for the elderly, as well as for patients suffering from kidney diseases.
Medication "Cefotaxime"
Semi-synthetic broad-spectrum antibiotic. This is one of the most popular drugs representing cephalosporins 3 generations. The instruction says that this medication can cope not only with pathogenic bacteria, but also with parasites. The medicine "Cefotaxime" has a high resistance to many beta-lactamases of gram-negative bacteria. This allows you to use the medication to treat diseases of the respiratory system, bone apparatus, and healing of post-burn wounds.
Some 3rd generation cephalosporins are used prophylactically after surgery. Means "Cefotaxime" has a small number of side effects. Therefore, it is often used as a prophylaxis. Rarely, patients experience nausea and headaches caused by individual intolerance to individual components of the drug.
The medicine "Zedex"
These are the popular 3rd generation cephalosporins in tablets. The main active ingredient is ceftibutene. Sodium carboxymethyl starch, magnesium stearate, and microcrystalline cellulose act as auxiliary substances. “Zedex” tablets perfectly affect microorganisms that have developed resistance to penicillins. The drug is almost completely absorbed in the stomach. Therefore, side effects in most cases do not occur.
Zedex tablets are prescribed for children over 12 years old for the treatment of bacterial infections of the respiratory system. To achieve a good therapeutic effect, the drug is used for at least 5 days. In rare cases, the course must be repeated. Mild bacterial infections with Zedex can be cured at home. The drug can be prescribed during pregnancy. But for patients who are allergic to penicillins, tablets are contraindicated. In patients with renal failure, the medication is prescribed in a reduced dosage.
The medicine "Spectraceph"
A medication antibacterial agent, the main active element of which is cefditoren. Additionally, croscarmellose sodium, sodium tripolyphosphate, magnesium stearate, and titanium dioxide are used. Cephalosporins 3 generations of antibiotics are used to treat infections of the respiratory system, as well as simple infections of the skin and subcutaneous tissue. Tablets "Spectratef" perfectly cope with furunculosis and folliculitis.
Oral cephalosporins 3 generations of "Spectratef" are prescribed to patients older than 12 years of 200 mg twice a day. In the most difficult cases, the dosage is doubled. In this case, the treatment period should not exceed 14 days. Most often, Spectratef tablets are prescribed for treatment in a hospital. Contraindications include only a severe allergic reaction to penicillins. Tablets can be prescribed for the elderly, as well as for women during lactation.
Cephalosporins 3 generations in powder form
Many patients, due to their physiological characteristics, cannot drink pills. First of all, these are elderly people and preschool children. Babies are most often prescribed 3 generations of cephalosporins as a suspension. The price of such drugs is quite high. They have flavoring additives, which makes it easier to take an antibiotic.
For older people, cephalosporins can be given in the form of an injection. Such tools are more effective and show a good result much faster.
Medication Fortum
Antibacterial drug belonging to the group of cephalosporins 3 generations. The main active ingredient is ceftazidime. As auxiliary substances are carbon dioxide and sodium carbonate. The drug is presented in powder form for the preparation of a solution. Most often, the Fortum antibiotic is prescribed for the treatment of severe infections in a hospital setting. The maximum daily dose is 6 g.
The drug can be prescribed for children older than two months. Dosage is determined based on body weight (30 mg per 1 kg). The antibiotic is administered three times a day. Depending on the form and complexity of the disease, the course of treatment can be 5-14 days.
Antibacterial agent “Fortum” is not prescribed for patients with renal failure. In case of an allergic reaction, the drug is replaced. The medication can be prescribed to pregnant and lactating women. But preference should be given to a more gentle treatment.
Means "Tizim"
Another broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic, which is offered in pharmacies in the form of a powder. The drug is indicated for severe infectious diseases, therapy, as a rule, is carried out in a hospital. The medication helps to overcome peritonitis and sepsis. For the treatment of relieved infections of the respiratory tract, Tizim is not used.
The dosage of the antibacterial drug is set individually by a specialist, based on the form and location of the infection. The daily norm for adults should not exceed 4 g. A medication can also be prescribed for babies up to a year. In this case, the dosage is determined by the body weight of the child. Kids are prescribed 30 mg per 1 kg of body weight per day. The medication can be used during pregnancy. With caution, the antibiotic Tizim is prescribed to people with diabetes mellitus and renal failure.