Encephapathy of the brain includes various pathological processes that are non-inflammatory in nature and affect the functions and structure of the brain.
A person can either be born with a disease or acquire it. In congenital forms of encephapathy in children occurs in the perinatal period at the seventh month of pregnancy. An acquired disease develops at a later date as a result of an injury, a change in the vessels of the brain, or some kind of infection.
There are several types of ailment: Wernicke encephalopathy, which occurs with malnutrition, toxic, hypertensive, disciplinary encephalopathy, progressive vascular and hypertensive leukoencephalopathy.
The main cause of the congenital form of the disease is considered oxygen starvation or trauma to the fetus during childbirth. The risk factors for this pathology include infectious diseases of the mother while the baby is carrying (especially neuroinfection), which lead to pregnancy with complications. The danger is a large mass and entwining the fetus with an umbilical cord, as well as premature birth. Encephapathy of the brain can be caused by difficulty opening the birth canal.
A common childhood diagnosis is perinatal brain encephalopathy , which can be caused by various negative factors that affect the mother during pregnancy. This can be alcohol or drug intoxication, taking psychoactive drugs, stress conditions, infectious and other diseases.
The danger of pediatric encephapathy is that due to difficult diagnosis it can go into more dangerous diseases: cerebral palsy, hydrocephalus, epilepsy, etc.
The cause of the acquired form of encephalopathy is most often various intoxications, infections of the body, arising changes in the blood vessels of the brain, tumors, traumatic brain injuries. Very often, the disease is accompanied by atherosclerosis, ischemia, diabetes mellitus, liver failure and vegetative-vascular distancing.
Encephapathy of the brain does not have pronounced symptoms, but some manifestations still exist, indirectly indicating a disease. Most often, problems such as disorders of memory and consciousness arise. A person begins to get annoyed over nothing, he has unmotivated aggression, or, on the contrary, he becomes passive, lethargic and quickly tired. Encephapathy of the brain is characterized by the appearance of insomnia, asthenia and headache. A sick person loses control over emotions. Symptoms such as dizziness, depression, and loss of consciousness are also characteristic.
Narcotic or alcoholic encephapathy has more acute symptoms in the form of specific psychoses, with rapidly progressing brain damage.
Regardless of the causes and forms of the disease, professional treatment is required. Due to the severity and danger of the disease, independent attempts to fight the disease are unacceptable.
Modern diagnostic methods make it possible to identify structural and functional changes in the brain. To determine the disease allows echoencephalography and neurosonography, to detect pathology produce an electroencephalogram, positron emission and computed tomography.
Analyzing the data obtained during the studies, they are compared with the results of the examination of the patient, and, taking into account his complaints, determine the most effective treatment for encephalopathy. Typically, measures to combat the disease include taking medication, nutritional correction, massage and exercise therapy, which helps to normalize muscle tone, as well as improve metabolism.