Blood circulates endlessly through arteries and veins, saturating all cells and the whole body with nutrients and oxygen. The return movement of blood is called venous outflow. If the process of returning blood to the heart muscle from the central nervous system is disrupted, then the term "venous dyshemia" is used when making a diagnosis. The return movement of blood is carried out through the veins, and if any obstacles appear on the way, a stagnant process develops. In these places, blood gradually begins to destroy veins in an attempt to "find" new moves for movement. Almost every person has the same arterial system, and the venous system has a different structure.
Why does the disease appear
Depending on the place of formation of stagnation, venous dyshemia is divided into three types:
- with localization in the brain;
- in the spinal plexus;
- in the area of the ICA basin.
The most common cause of the onset of the disease is a hereditary predisposition. The disease manifests itself in disorders of the cardiovascular system, musculoskeletal system, there may be problems with cartilage and bones. This type of pathology can manifest itself even in infancy.
According to recent data, in childhood, most often pathology appears due to the structural features of the cervical spine. This may be a special tortuosity or curvature of the bone canal, which may be congenital or due to birth trauma in the region of 1 and 2 cervical vertebrae. In this case, treatment should be aimed at restoring the functions and integrity of the bones, cervical spine, and correcting posture.
A number of diseases that can cause the development of pathology
Stenosis. The disease is characterized by a narrowing of blood vessels, as a result of which the veins can collapse, the normal process of blood outflow is disturbed, and obstruction of the veins develops. It is rather difficult to notice that problems appeared, with narrowing of the veins to 50% there is no symptomatology.
Deformation of organs that do not allow normal blood flow, deformation of jumpers or valves. In this case, the direction of blood may change.
There are cases when a child is born with anomalies in the development of the venous system, this may be a complete closure or underdevelopment of the system.
The cause of the appearance of venous dyshemia can be, it would seem, completely unrelated diseases - spinal diseases or cancers. As well as a previous injury.
Not in the last place are bad habits, such as overeating, drinking alcohol and smoking.
Osteochondrosis and thyroid disease can also be the result of the appearance of pathology associated with abnormal outflow of blood.
Signs of venous dysgemia can also appear immediately after the birth of the baby, due to the pathology that was in the perinatal period.
How are the symptoms of the disease
The main symptom of the pathology is acute pain in the place where the blood circulation is disturbed. Such places can be easily felt by palpation in the chest, neck, head and shoulders. This is due to the fact that blood destroys the tissues adjacent to the vein in order to “break through” the exit site.
Venous dyshemia in a child may be accompanied by headaches and dizziness. The baby may have a fever with a parallel increase in body temperature.
In an advanced state, the symptoms are much more severe and can manifest themselves in the form of:
- impaired coordination of movement;
- failures in the functioning of the senses;
- involuntary movements;
- paralysis, both full and partial;
- cramps;
- nosebleeds;
- endless pain;
- impaired speech and motor skills.
At the first stages of the development of the disease, the pathology practically does not appear in any way, only sometimes the patient complains of headaches, a short-term violation of movement coordination.
In addition, problems with venous outflow lead to metabolic disorders and lack of oxygen, and these are constant jumps in blood pressure, chills and periodic numbness of the limbs.
WD classification
According to the degree of flow, 3 forms are distinguished:
- latent, that is, the course of the pathology is almost asymptomatic;
- cerebral, with the presence of mild symptoms (this may be a headache, but without special nervous disorders);
- Encephalopathy, with severe symptoms, will take a long time to treat.
Diagnostic measures
Without a full examination of the whole organism and identifying the cause of the appearance of the pathology, it is impossible to prescribe an adequate treatment. Today, there are many methods and equipment that can accurately diagnose "venous dyshemia."
One of the most effective diagnostic methods is ultrasound dopplerography. Good results are also obtained by angiography, that is, studies using x-rays. Magnetic resonance angiography is also used to make a diagnosis.
Diagnostic Issues
It is often difficult to make a diagnosis of venous dyshemia of the brain. Parents need to contact a neurologist, especially if the baby is nervous and constantly crying. After examination, blood pressure is monitored for at least 5 consecutive days. Then an X-ray examination of the brain is prescribed. Perhaps, a phlebography procedure will be required, which will reveal the presence of malignant tumors or dropsy. This study makes it possible to assess the state of blood circulation. MRI gives the best results, since it even allows you to determine the cause of the pathology.
Even if the nature of the disease is established at the extracranial and intracranial level, it is still difficult to correctly interpret the results. No textbook or scientific article gives a complete picture of the causes of the disease. Therefore, it is quite difficult to develop a treatment tactic that will get rid of the pathology or at least eliminate the main symptoms.
In addition, it is sometimes very difficult to establish a diagnosis, since the pathology is a consequence of any disease.
Therapeutic measures
The method of treatment of venous dysgemia is completely dependent on the diagnostic results. Therapy, as a rule, is complex. The main points will be discussed in more detail below.
Food
First of all, you should pay attention to nutrition, include a lot of fresh vegetables and fruits. Healing juice with this pathology is considered grape. Statistics is implacable: most diseases come from malnutrition. From the menu you need to remove fatty foods saturated with cholesterol.
Drug treatment
Drugs that improve blood flow and strengthen the vessels of the walls of the veins, arteries, called "venotonic." Medicines can be of natural origin or made from chemical components. Naturally, for treating a child, it is better to choose drugs with a natural base. It can be Aescusan or Getralex.
To prevent the formation of blood clots, drugs from the group of antiplatelet agents can be prescribed, it can be aspirin.
With pathology localized in the brain, nootropic drugs are used.
Increased resistance of the walls of blood vessels can be achieved using an injection course of nicotinic acid or pyridoxine hydrochloride.
Non-drug methods
Good results can be obtained after hirudotherapy. Leeches are installed in the area of the mastoid processes.
Acupuncture and post-isometric muscle relaxation are often recommended.
In some cases, depending on the presence or absence of a chronic disease, physiotherapy may be prescribed. It can be galvanic collars, phonophoresis with Troxevasinum or foot, sitting baths. Carbon dioxide, narzan, hydrogen sulfide baths may be recommended.
Massage
Massage is relevant especially for venous dyshemia along the vertebral plexuses. One of the most effective methods is massage of the cervical spine. But such measures should be carried out only by a specialist, otherwise you can achieve the opposite effect, especially when treating a child.
The procedure involves the use of aromatic oils of thuja or lemon, ylang-ylang.
Phytotherapy
If the baby has venous dyshemia along the vertebral plexuses, it is recommended to use medicinal baths with the addition of sage, elderberry, chamomile or viburnum.
Other recommendations
A child, when he is already able to realize what is happening, must be accustomed to an active lifestyle. Explain that bad habits are not only bad, but also dangerous to life and health. Accustom your child to an active lifestyle, instill a love of sports.
Venous dysgemia syndrome can be managed by running and walking long distances. The child can be sent to yoga classes. However, when the disease progresses, it is necessary to consult a doctor to optimize physical activity.
It is not recommended to visit the sauna and bath: a quick change in temperature, although it stimulates blood flow, but negatively affects weakened vessels.
Conclusion
To date, the study of venous dysgemia is almost in the first place due to the high prevalence of the disease. Often there are medical errors in the diagnosis, which leads to the appointment of inadequate treatment, as a result of the pathology becomes neglected and causes new diseases.
Studies in the field of venous diseases in the perinatal period have practically not been conducted. The underdevelopment of the young body and brain in babies gives rise to many medical errors and is the foundation for the emergence of problems with the vascular system throughout life. In this situation, only a system analysis and evaluation of the etiology, pathogenesis and clinical course of the disease can save.